This lesson is related to "How to Draw a Person" and if you look in more detail, in this lesson I will tell you “ How to draw a hand»

First, we should pay attention to our hands. They consist of three parts: the shoulder, forearm and hand. Each of them can be depicted as ovals, or you just need to learn how to draw a hand right away. If you are depicting a lowered hand, then the fingertips will reach the middle of the thigh, and the elbows will be level with the waist.

So we looked at the method with a simplified hand shape, now let’s improve it so that it looks more natural. When you draw hands, you don't want to draw them too straight. We start with the shoulder, it has a smooth bend, near the elbow the arm narrows a little and widens again in the place where the biceps is located.
The elbow will be somewhat difficult to draw, because it is not just a bend, it is a connection, a hinge.

Next is the brush. Let's imagine each of the segments as a cylinder, and now turn your hand over, palm up, and you will see three almost identical segments on each finger. Well, because all the fingers are different in length, the pads and folds that are between them do not line up in one line.

Let's get started draw a hand from the joints of the fingers from the bones. The first joint is the largest of all three. The second joint is located between the two (in the middle), it is smaller and shorter than the first, but longer than the third joint - the tip of the finger. It is not possible to draw all fingers using this method, since each finger has a different length.

On top of the phalanges of the fingers you need to draw straight lines, and on the side of the palm - rounded.

But let's not forget that a man's hand is slightly different from a woman's. A man's hand is more massive and more sinewy. There are three options for drawing a hand: Muscular, toned and weak hand.

What conclusions can be drawn from this lesson?! There is only one conclusion: draw a hand not as difficult as it might seem at first glance

The human body has many parts. As we have already discussed with you here on the site, drawing the body and its individual parts correctly is not so easy. To do this, you need to study and know the basics of anatomy and physiology. Very often children draw parts of the body and the figures themselves in a very simplified, one might say amateurish way. We want to teach you how to draw elements here human body correct, primarily from an anatomical point of view. Arm yourself with a pencil and eraser, grab an album and start the lesson. By following our tips, you will gradually learn the basics of this wisdom.

Stage 1. Draw the caracal lines of the person’s hand. First we will teach you how to draw a person's hand from the elbow to the fingertips. We build a straight line.. On the upper part we mark a point from which we draw five segments, from which in turn we draw five more segments connected at an angle to the first. This is the basis of the future hand. Then, along the main straight line, we begin to outline the line of the elbow and the forearm of the hand (this is the part of the arm from the hand to the elbow). The forearm widens from the elbow bend, then thins and passes into the hand (the widened part). After this we begin to draw the fingers. First the little finger, then the ring finger. We draw them along those lines from point 1 of the same stage.

Stage 2. Now we draw the middle and index fingers of the hand. Along the auxiliary lines we give contours to the phalanges of the fingers. The hand is slightly bent, as if the person wants to take or hold something. Then we’ll draw the last, thumb. And one more thing. On the fingers and palms we will show irregularities in the skin, depressions and tubercles, skin folds.

Stage 4. Now let's try to draw a person's hand separately. We build additional initial frame lines like this. Select a point on a piece of paper. We draw three lines from it in different directions. At the end of the third line we put a point, and from it we draw segments connected to each other. It's like a skeleton of future fingers. Outline the hand itself smooth lines around these straight lines to the finger area. The hand is bent down. Then. Let's draw the thumb. First, we will show its thickened part, then the phalanges of the finger itself and the line of connection with the index finger. Then we draw the index finger and middle finger hands, outlining the skeletal lines of the starting point of this drawing.

Stage 5. Finish drawing the ring finger and little finger. They are barely visible due to the front toes. We show folds on the skin, tubercles, bulges and irregularities on the hand. Then we delete all the sketch lines and leave only the necessary ones. We paint the hand, shading some areas (play of light and shadows). We hope you learned this lesson well and were able to draw human hands.

Many will agree that drawing a person's face is not an easy task. However, among some artists there is an opinion that drawing a hand is even more difficult. What is more difficult to draw - a face or hands - I cannot say. Probably for some people. But what can be stated quite definitely is that drawing hands and fingers correctly is really difficult. But this is possible if you understand the basics of plastic anatomy and know the proportions. To do this, I have prepared a series of drawings with visual diagrams. They will help you understand the key points that you need to learn to pay attention to when drawing hands.

1. Brush size

The size of the hands is approximately equal to the face (not the head). If you measure from the wrist to the tip of the middle finger, then this segment will be equal to the distance from the chin to the top of the forehead. This is the size of an adult's hand. The younger the person, the smaller the hand will be relative to his face. In small children, the palms are equal to the distance from the chin to the eyebrows.

2. Skeleton and muscles

The shape of the fingers and the entire hand depends on the shape of the bones and muscles. You can see this by looking at the anatomical drawings of the hands below.

3. Middle of the hand

During the drawing process, it is important to compare distances and check proportions. A good starting point for this is a line corresponding to the middle of the brush. Having outlined it, it will be much easier to avoid mistakes in the future. Therefore, at the very beginning of the drawing, you should not immediately draw fingers and details. It's better to outline general outline brushes, similar to a mitten. Then determine the middle. And then you can proceed to the details.

4. Middle of fingers

To ensure that the fingers in the drawing do not turn out crooked, you need to correctly determine the length of each phalanx that makes up the fingers: proximal, middle and distal. The following will help with this schematic drawing, in which the middle of the fingers is easily visible. Having determined the middle of each finger, further comparison of proportions will be much easier.

5. Thumb length

Thumb the hand will end at 2/3 of the proximal phalanx of the index finger.

6. Length of index finger and ring finger

The length of the index finger is equal to the length of the ring finger. However, different people this ratio may be slightly different.

7. Little finger length

The tip of the little finger is located at the level of the joint between the distal and middle phalanges of the ring finger. By comparing the length of the little finger to this level, it is easy to check your drawing for errors.

8. Nail length

The length of the nail of each finger is 1/2 the length of the distal phalanx of the corresponding finger.

9. Location of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

When a person looks at the hand, he simply sees some bumps and depressions. But the artist who studies plastic anatomy, behind each such “tubercle” he sees joints, ligaments, bones, muscles... On our hands (more precisely, hands) there are three key joints, “tubercles”, which are important for determining the size and further marking of the pattern. If you identify these three points at the beginning, then further drawing will be much easier, since you can start from these points. Therefore, to draw the thumb, it is better to start with its metacarpophalangeal joint (2nd point). And to determine its location, you need to remember that it is located approximately in the middle between the metacarpophalangeal joint of the middle finger (1 point) and the head ulna(3 point).

10. The hand fits into the circle

The hand fits easily into the circle. Therefore, you can draw hands using a circle as an auxiliary line.

11. Concave brush shape

On the inner, palmar side, the hand has a concave shape, repeating the shape of a ball. The hand is not flat.

12. Fingers slightly curved towards the center

The fingers have a subtle bend. They are curved towards the middle of the hand. Fingers are not absolutely straight.

13. The bends of the fingers on the palm and outer sides of the hand are at different levels

The phalangeal joints of the fingers form folds of skin. These folds on the palmar and outer sides of the hand are located at different levels.

14. The shape is based on geometric shapes

From the above figure you can see that by dividing the hand into geometric shapes, it will be easier to understand its shape.

15. Model of the hand, corresponding to the basic anatomical features

To learn how to draw hands, you need to be able to see the main shape among many little things. Be able to see the nature of the form. To do this, you can imagine the hand in the form of volumetric geometric shapes. Just as in the drawing of the head, artists use a model called “chipping,” so in the drawing of the hand, you can use the given diagram. Such a conditionally schematic image corresponds to the main anatomical features. It will help novice artists understand the concept, and therefore draw hands more confidently.

Summarizing the above, we can add that beginners should accustom themselves to pay attention to the proportions indicated in this article. If you constantly compare values, compare sizes, then the drawing will be easier and will become much more competent.

Despite the fact that the proportions of the hands may differ depending on the individual characteristics of a person, these differences are unprincipled and insignificant (for example, the length of the index and ring finger may vary). Therefore, the proportions and features outlined in this article generally

For many artists, drawing hands is quite difficult task. IN this lesson We will deal with the anatomy of the hands in order to simplify and understand all the details as much as possible.

Let's start by studying the bone structure of the hands (picture on the left). The 8 carpal bones are drawn in blue, the 5 metacarpal bones are purple, and the 14 phalanges are pink. Since many of these bones have no ability to move at all, let's simplify the basic structure of the hand: The picture on the right represents everything you need to remember when drawing.

Note that the actual base of the fingers - the joint that connects to the knuckles - is much lower than it appears visually. Knowing this is very important, especially when drawing bending fingers, which we'll talk about a little later.

So, with all that said, a simple way to sketch a hand is to start with a basic hand shape, a flat outline (shaped very much like a steak, but round, square or trapezoidal) with rounded corners; and then complete the drawing with your fingers. Like this:

As for the fingers, when drawing you can use the “three cylinders” diagram. Cylinders are quite easy to depict from different viewing angles, which makes it much easier for us to draw fingers from different perspectives. See how this scheme can be applied in practice:

Important: the joints of the fingers are not located in a straight line, but form a kind of “arch”:

In addition, the fingers themselves are not straight, but slightly curved. Such a small detail adds significant realism to the drawing:

Let's not forget about nails. It’s not necessary to draw them every time, but let’s still look at the main aspects:

1. The nail starts from the middle of the upper joint of the finger.
2. The point where the nail separates from the flesh is located differently for all people: for some it is at the very edge of the finger, for others it is much lower (dotted line in the picture).
3. Nails are not perfectly flat at all. Rather, they resemble tiles in shape, with a slight bend. Look at your hands and compare the nails on different fingers: you will see that each nail has its own curve - but, fortunately, you don’t have to draw such subtle details in each of your drawings :)

Proportions

So, let's denote the basic proportions, using the length of the index finger as the basic unit of measurement:

1. The maximum length of the distance between the thumb and index finger is 1.5.
2. The maximum length of the distance between the index and ring fingers is 1.
3. The maximum length of the distance between the ring and little fingers is 1.
4. The maximum angle formed by the thumb and little finger is 90 degrees.

Range of motion

When drawing hands, it is extremely important to know exactly how our hands move.

Let's start with the thumb. Its base, as well as its center of movement, are located quite low on the hand.

1. In a normal relaxed state, a space is formed between the thumb and the other fingers.
2. The thumb can be bent so that it touches the base of the little finger, but this will quickly become painful.
3. The thumb can be stretched across the entire width of the palm, but this can also be painful.

As for the remaining fingers, they have a smaller amplitude of movement to the sides, and mostly they bend towards the front, parallel to each other. Each finger can be bent individually, but it will still affect the other fingers. For example, try bending just your little finger and see what happens to the other fingers.

When the hand is clenched into a fist, all the fingers are intertwined together, and the entire hand forms a rounded shape, as if squeezing a large ball.

When the hand is fully extended (in the picture on the right), the fingers are either straight or slightly curved outward - depending on the plasticity of our hands.

The fully clenched palm deserves special attention:

1. The first and third folds form a cross.
2. The second fold is a continuation of the finger line.
3. The part of the finger covered by the skin and thumb serves as a reminder that the entire structure of the thumb is the one farthest from the center.
4. The knuckle of the middle finger protrudes more than the others.
5. The first and third folds again form a cross.
6. The thumb is bent so that its outermost part is shortened.
7. The skin fold in this place protrudes.
8. When the hand is clenched into a fist, the knuckles protrude and become more clearly visible.

Hand as a whole

When the hand is in its normal relaxed state, the fingers are slightly bent - especially if the hand is pointing upward, gravity causes the fingers to bend. In both cases, the index fingers remain the most straight compared to the rest, and the little fingers, on the contrary, are the most bent.

Often the little finger “runs away” from the other fingers and is located separately from them - this is another way to depict hands in the most realistic way. As for the index and middle, or middle and ring fingers, these are usually connected in pairs and “stick” to each other, while the other 2 remain free. This also helps to depict the hand more realistically.

Since all fingers are of different lengths, they always represent a certain gradation. When we take something with our hand, for example, a glass (as in the picture), the middle finger (1) is most visible, and the little finger (2) is barely visible.

When we hold a pen, the middle, ring and little fingers bend under the pen.

As you can see, the hand and wrist are perfectly articulated, and each finger, one might say, has its own life. This is why every beginning artist has a very difficult time drawing hands. On the other hand, sometimes some people go to the other extreme - they try to draw hands too carefully: they carefully draw each finger in its place, maintain proportions and clear parallels of all lines, and so on. And the result, as a rule, turns out to be quite harsh and not at all expressive. Yes. this may work for certain types of characters - for example, your character naturally has these qualities. But much more often you would still like to depict animated, realistic hands, wouldn’t you? The picture shows some hand positions in comparison - too unnatural, tense positions are drawn on top, and more natural, natural ones are drawn below, in a word - those that can be seen in ordinary life around us.

Varieties of hands

As you know, each person's hands have many differences and distinctive features- just like faces. Men's hands are different from women's, the hands of young people are different from the hands of older people, and so on. Below are several classifications.

Hand shape

Let's see what different shapes and proportions there are between the fingers and the hand:

Finger shape

Not all people even have the same nails! They can be flat or round, and so on.

More practice!

• Pay more attention to people's hands. First, on the anatomy itself: how the fingers look in different positions, how lines and folds appear and disappear, how individual parts are tense, and so on. Secondly, pay attention to the types of hands: how male hands different from female hands? How do they change with age? How do they depend on a person’s weight? Could you recognize someone just by their hands?
• Make quick, dynamic sketches of hands, the source of which can be anyone - yours own hands, or the hands of people around you, or just photographs. Don't worry about correct proportions and in general appearance and the similarities of your sketches; The main thing in sketches is to capture the expression itself and express it on paper.

• Draw your own hands in different positions and using a mirror from different viewing angles. You can also start with small dynamic sketches.

Not everyone can paint like great artists. But you can learn to draw if you put in the effort.

His hands can tell a lot about a person. It is very difficult to depict them on paper. But the problem of how to draw a hand can be solved with work and diligence.

Anatomy to help

A complex system is the human body. The hands alone consist of several dozen elements. And in order to draw them correctly, you need to know the structure of the hands. Conventionally, hands can be divided into three main parts: wrist, metacarpus and fingers.

• The wrist is the part closest to the forearm. It is responsible for the movement of the hand, but all its elements work as a single whole.
• The metacarpus is the widest part of the hand - the palm.
• The fingers are mobile due to the phalanges. Four fingers (index, middle, ring and little fingers) have 3 phalanges, but the thumb consists of only two phalanges.

Knowledge of the basics of anatomy will allow you to correctly draw the hands step by step so that they turn out to be “talking”.

It will be easier to draw if, while sketching a sketch, you decide what the subject of the image looks like - something simple, even primitive. Do you agree that the human hand is similar to a shovel not only in appearance, but also in functionality? You can start a sketch with this - draw a contour similar to a shovel: the wrist is the handle of the shovel, and the contour of the palm with fingers is its canvas. It’s difficult to immediately decide how to draw a hand with a pencil step by step, which is why it’s worth starting with a basic sketch.

The main thing is proportions

To draw any object or detail correctly and beautifully, you must maintain proportions - ratio different parts with each other. This rule also applies to the image of a person.

So, how to draw a hand? We start by determining the correct proportions. The ratio of the length of the metacarpus and fingers is on average 1:1. Naturally, this ratio will vary slightly among different people, because some have long fingers and others do not. But on average the proportions will be equal.

Depending on the length of the fingers, the outline of the palm will be either more elongated or square. Thin lines(even before drawing the hand) draw the outline of the hand according to the proportions. The thumb does not fit into the overall silhouette; it is always somewhat apart from the other four “brothers”.

Drawing fingers

The fingers are mobile and flexible due to their articular structure, each of three or two phalanges, if we're talking about about the thumb, attached to each other using joints and tendons. The bones of the phalanges, located one after the other, become shorter and thinner, so the fingers gradually become thinner.

Ideally, each phalanx is 2/3 the length of the previous one. These proportions are called the golden ratio - it is perceived by the eye as the most perfect.

Again, when drawing details, it is necessary to make allowances for individual characteristics - not every person’s hands have harmonious proportions. It should also be remembered that the fingers are not the same in length: the longest finger is the middle, index and approximately the same and shorter than the middle finger, the smallest are the little finger and thumb. Although the big one is rather the thickest. Its length corresponds to the length of the little finger.

Lines are the basis of authenticity

Before drawing a human hand, analyze again what parts the hand consists of. Remember that the contours of the palm and fingers, taking on specific shapes in the drawing, become more and more rounded. For example, the line connecting the fingers and palm is shaped like an arc, as is the outline of the hand itself - different lengths of the fingers allow you to create a semicircle when drawing fingers pressed together. The thumb is slightly turned in relation to the rest of the palm; its contour will not be straight, but somewhat rounded.

Small details matter

We have sketched out the outline of the palm, then we begin to work on the details. So, how to draw a hand authentically? This is impossible without drawing small details - folds, thickenings, fold lines, the contour of the nail plate on each finger. These seemingly insignificant touches will make the drawing more realistic.

Let's start with the fold lines on the fingers. As already mentioned, the wrist, palm and fingers consist of many elements. They allow the fingers to perform the functionality for which they are given to a person. How to draw a hand so that it looks as natural as possible? By drawing all the nuances. In places where the bones are connected by joints, there will definitely be folds both on the inside and on the outside. outside palms. If the hand is drawn with inside, it is also necessary to draw the so-called “life lines” - fairly deep grooves in the places where the joints of the palm work.

Each finger at the end is protected by a nail - a hard plate that must be drawn for a realistic image. The nail plate is another important element in solving the problem of how to draw a hand. Nails may have different shapes- from elongated almond-shaped to almost square.

Fingers indicate a person's age. Children's fingers are rounded, with uniform thinning along the entire length. How older man becomes, the more clearly the traces of time appear on the hands. For example, in older people, the thickness of the fingers will be uneven - the joints become more and more swollen with age, which is affected by many years of work and illness. Also, joints are very visible in thin people.

How to draw a hand in different positions?

Hands not only gradually participate in the conversation, but also often serve as a “language” themselves, for example, when communicating in sign language. Palms and fingers will clearly tell what a person is thinking about at the moment time, what his mood is, what he does. How to draw a hand so that it truthfully reveals all the secrets?

When depicting the human body, it is always necessary to rely on the basics of anatomy. Hands are no exception. The size of the fist, for example, is determined by the length of the fingers. And the rule of the golden ratio will be important in any position of the fingers, even clenched into a fist. When drawing an open palm, you must special attention pay attention to drawing the lines of the metacarpus and slightly bent fingers.

How to draw a hand from the side? In this case, it will be important to draw the viewer’s attention to the fact that on the back side the palm and fingers will be drawn in almost straight lines, but on the inside, both the fingers and the palm itself have pads, which must be drawn in rounded, smooth lines.

Step-by-step drawing of human hands, with a systematic transition from a sketch to drawing small details, however, like any other object, will allow you to get a realistic drawing.