Sign language training in Russian. Basic training courses in sign language. How to learn deaf language on your own
Hello Monday!
Hello!
My name is Alexey Znamensky, I will be your curator for self-study of Russian Sign Language - RSL. I am 32 years old, I am an actor, director. I graduated from two institutes, State Historical Institute and VGIK, and now I work in theater and cinema. Together with the choreographer Elena, he staged the plastic performances “Without the Right to an Angel” and “The One Who First Learned What Rain Is” in the theater project “Nedoslov.” Cinema is at the script stage. (I don’t need to send them, I work with one screenwriter:)
I have known sign language since childhood. I went to a sign song club, and then supplemented it at the theater institute. At first I will speak in a voice, and then I will abruptly switch to voice. Therefore, if you do not understand what I said in LSL, do not hesitate, write loudly and quickly - and I will voice it quietly and more slowly.
At first, try to stock up on words and gestures. Try to see and think in images, justify them logically for yourself, and connect them with associations. For example: bird (meaning we wave our wings with our hands, plus we supplement with the “beak” gesture)
Sign language is a language in which everything is based on images, even if some gestures are not at all figurative. There are established ones, and there are logically justified ones. This can be read in SL theories.
There is no need to plug your ears either, just watch and see. Be the driver in the car. In a car, you don’t hear what pedestrians say, you usually just guess. Don’t try to understand everything at once - otherwise your brain will rebel, and you will lose all desire to learn. Just a little bit and one step at a time.
Don't be discouraged if by week five you don't understand anything. It is likely that in the eighth week it will suddenly become easy for you to understand. Everyone has their own watch.
In this article you can find various introductory links to choose a convenient language learning tool for yourself.
Resources and materials
1. Online dictionaries(for me personally, it’s convenient to use such dictionaries; a specific word can be typed into a search engine)
http://signlang.ru/
http://www.spreadthesign.com
http://surdoserver.ru/
http://www.digitgestus.com
2. Courses
- Fradkin's book "Talking Hands"(recommended) - can be found and downloaded online or purchased from local deaf societies or used bookstores.
- Sign language course https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLA357506657984F1A
- Video dictionaries (for me personally, it’s not convenient because you have to scroll and look for certain words, but if this option is convenient for you, for God’s sake!)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0CwMj-HVnQ Video dictionary Part 1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QT5KlNnwyc8 Video dictionary Part 2.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S0F-QrE4EF8 Video dictionary Part 3.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CFYkQ9Pynv0 Video dictionary Part 4.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uSCmlVb3Wg Let's get acquainted! Video lesson of Russian sign language for beginners (2015)
Where to start:
1) Warm up your arms
Warm up your fingers and hands should be done every day for 15 minutes.
For those who have never spoken SL, wooden gestures will be visible at first. It's okay, everything is acquired through exercise and warm-up.
Hand warm-up - for life! It is useful for all beginners, both hearing and non-hearing. Here's a great video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=30&v=lRWU-DTzLlI
2) Factology
Dactylology - manual alphabet. You need to learn it well, since many gestures begin with a letter. For example: you need - the letter N, tea - the letter H. Download the manual alphabet of RSL
Hint: Names of people and names of cities, companies, brands are always fingerprinted.
3) Practice
After learning the manual alphabet, the first exercise is to pronounce the words “dactyl”:
merry man, merry horse, merry day, merry clown
school lesson, school day, school clown, school lunch
red flower, red moped, red orange, red chair, etc.
Clue: take any short poem and edit it. Fingers must remember the letters. Do not confuse and pay attention to “E, O and S”, “T and M”, “U and S”, “R and N”, “F and F”, “E and F”
4) Learn to speak!
Acquaintance:
Vocabulary:
Friendship, Getting to know each other, Name, Hello, Bye, Goodbye, How are you, I'm working, I'm studying, Sign language, Friend, Girlfriend, Interesting, Thank you, Please (request), Do (do, did), Study( studying)
Interrogative:
Who, What, Where, Where, Whence, When, Why, Why, How Much, How, Which, Whose,
Pronouns:
I, You, You, He, She, They, We, you (plural) Mine, Yours, His (Her), Yours
Try saying it yourself:
My name is ..., I work/study in ...
My friend, my girlfriend, Where did you meet? Where does he work? Where does he study?
What is he like? What is she like? When does it work? When does she study?
How are you? I'm learning sign language, I'm interested in sign language,
Where are you from? Why this language?
Clue: If you find it difficult to learn, you can draw a gesture under each word or describe the meaning of the gesture in words. Everyone has their own associations.
5) Independent work: searching for gestures in online dictionaries:
Sorry, forgive me, please (response to gratitude), It is clear, It is not clear, Myself, Is (is), To be (was), Will be, Therefore, Because, Live (live), City, Want (want).
6) Homework
(for those who paid for this option as part of the fee on Planeta.ru, valid from October 31 to January 25, 2016, while we are conducting the online course, then you can complete it yourself :))
Send me a welcome video on Friday, Saturday, Sunday: you need to tell me about yourself in a nutshell, where and who you work or study, explain the motivation for studying the language (for what purpose and how you will use it), what is clear to you in the lessons, what is not clear in them. Try to say it in SL, if you don’t know how, look it up. You can rehearse, you can add subtitles. Don't be afraid! I'll help.
How a dictionary works and how to use it
A short sign dictionary will help you, dear reader, master the vocabulary of sign speech. This is a small dictionary with about 200 gestures. Why were these particular gestures selected? Such questions inevitably arise, especially when the volume of the dictionary is small. Our dictionary was created in this way. Since the dictionary is intended primarily for teachers of the deaf, teachers and educators from schools for the deaf participated in determining the composition of the dictionary. For several years, the author offered students of the Moscow State University of Philology, working in boarding schools for the deaf, a list of gestures - “candidates” for the dictionary. And he turned to them with a request: to leave on the list only the most necessary gestures for a teacher and educator, and cross out the rest. But you can add to the list if required. All gestures to which more than 50% of expert teachers objected were excluded from the initial list. Conversely, the vocabulary included gestures suggested by experts if more than half of them thought it was appropriate.
The gestures included in the dictionary are mainly used in both Russian sign speech and calque sign speech. They are grouped by topic. Of course, the attribution of many gestures to one topic or another is largely arbitrary. The author here followed the tradition of compiling thematic dictionaries, and also sought to place in each group gestures that denote objects, actions, and signs, so that it would be more convenient to talk on a given topic. At the same time, gestures have continuous numbering. If you, the reader, need to remember, for example, how the gesture INTERFERE is performed, and you don’t know what thematic group it is in, you need to do this. At the end of the dictionary, all gestures (naturally, their verbal designations) are arranged in alphabetical order, and the ordinal index of the INTERFERE gesture will make it easy to find it in the dictionary.
The symbols in the pictures will help you more accurately understand and reproduce the structure of the gesture.
Wishing you success in learning the vocabulary of sign speech, the author expects from you, dear reader, suggestions for improving a short sign dictionary.
Legend
GREETINGS INTRODUCTION
1. Hello 2. Goodbye
3. Thank you 4. Sorry (those)
GREETINGS INTRODUCTION
5. Name 6. Profession
7. Specialty 8. Who
GREETINGS INTRODUCTION
9. What 10. Where
11. When 12. Where
GREETINGS INTRODUCTION
13. Where 14. Why
15. Why 16. Whose
17. Man 18. Man
19. Woman 20. Child
21. Family 22. Father
23. Mother 24. Son
25. Daughter 26. Grandmother
27. Grandfather 28. Brother
29. Sister 30. Live
31. Work 32. Respect
33. Take care 34. Help
35. Interfere 36. Friendship
37. Young 38. Old
HOUSE APARTMENT
39. City 40. Village
41. Street 42. House
HOUSE APARTMENT
43. Apartment 44. Room
45. Window 46. Kitchen, cooking
HOUSE APARTMENT
47. Lavatory 48. Table
49. Chair 50. Wardrobe
HOUSE APARTMENT
51. Bed 52. TV
53. VCR 54. Do
HOUSE APARTMENT
55. Watch 56. Wash
57. Invite 58. Light
HOUSE APARTMENT
59. Cozy 60. New
61. Clean 62. Dirty
63. School 64. Class
65. Bedroom 66. Dining room
67. Director 68. Teacher
69. Educator 70. Teach
71. Study 72. Computer
73. Meeting 74. Deaf
75. Hearing impaired 76. Dactylology
77. Sign language 78. Lead
79. Instruct 80. Execute
81. Praise 82. Scold
83. Punish 84. Check
85. Agree 86. Strict
87. Kind 88. Honest
89. Lesson 90. Headphones
91. Book 92. Notebook
93. Pencils 94. Telling
95.Speak 96.Hear
101. Know 102. Don’t know
103. Understand 104. Don’t understand
105. Repeat 106. Remember
107. Remember 108. Forget
109. Think 110. I can, I can
111. I can’t 112. Make a mistake
113. Good 114. Bad
115. Attentively 116. Correct
117. Ashamed 118. Angry, angry
119. Rude 120. Polite
121. Student
122. Diligent
ON VACATION
123. Rest 124. Forest
125. River 126. Sea
ON VACATION
127. Water 128. Sun
129. Moon 130. Rain
ON VACATION
131. Snow 133. Day
132. Morning 134. Evening
ON VACATION
135. Night 136. Summer
137. Autumn 138. Spring
ON VACATION
139. Winter 140. Excursion, museum
141. Theater 142. Cinema
ON VACATION
143. Stadium 144. Physical education
145. Competition 146. Participate
ON VACATION
147. Win 148. Lose
149. Play 150. Walk
ON VACATION
151. Dance 152. Want
153. Don't want 154. Love
ON VACATION
155. Rejoice 156. Wait
157. Deceive 158. Cheerful
ON VACATION
159. Agile 160. Strong
161. Weak 162. Easy
ON VACATION
163. Difficult 164. Calm
165. White 166. Red
ON VACATION
167. Black 168. Green
OUR COUNTRY
169. Homeland
170. State 171. Moscow
OUR COUNTRY
172. People 173. Revolution
174. Party 175. President
OUR COUNTRY
176. Struggle 177. Constitution
178. Elections, choose 179. Deputy
OUR COUNTRY
180. Chairman 181. Government
182. Translator 183. Glasnost
OUR COUNTRY
184. Democracy 185. War
186. World 187. Army
OUR COUNTRY
188. Disarmament
189. Treaty 190. Space
OUR COUNTRY
191. Protect 192. Politics
WHAT DO THESE GESTURES MEAN?
193, 194. Sign name (person's name in sign language)
195. Master of his craft 196. Master of his craft (option)
WHAT DO THESE GESTURES MEAN?
197. It doesn’t concern me 198. Make mistakes
199. Don’t catch me (at home, at work) 200. Amazing,
stunning
201. Same, identical 202. Calm down after
any disturbances
203. Exhausted 204. That's it
GESTURES OF SPOKEN SIGN LANGUAGE
205. Lose sight, forget 206. “Cats are scratching at the heart”
207. Don’t be afraid to say 208. Wait a little
something in the eyes
Index of gestures in alphabetical order
| army | do | ||
| grandmother | democracy | ||
| day | |||
| white | deputy | ||
| struggle | village | ||
| Brother | director | ||
| polite | Kind | ||
| agreement | |||
| right | rain | ||
| funny | house | ||
| spring | Goodbye | ||
| evening | daughter | ||
| video recorder | friendship | ||
| attentively | think | ||
| water | |||
| war | wait | ||
| teacher | woman | ||
| recall | sign language | ||
| elections, choose | live | ||
| fulfill | |||
| where is publicity deaf talk city state rude dirty walk dactylology grandpa | take care | ||
| forget | |||
| For what | |||
| protect | |||
| Hello | |||
| green | |||
| winter | |||
| angry, angry | |||
| know | |||
| play | |||
| excuse me (those) | |||
| Name |
| pencil | deceive | ||||
| apartment | window | ||||
| movie | autumn | ||||
| Class | rest | ||||
| book | father | ||||
| When | where | ||||
| room | make a mistake | ||||
| computer constitution space red bed who goes where kitchen, cook | |||||
| party | |||||
| translator | |||||
| write | |||||
| Badly | |||||
| win | |||||
| repeat | |||||
| policy | |||||
| remember | |||||
| easily | help | ||||
| forest | understand | ||||
| summer | entrust | ||||
| deft | Why | ||||
| moon | government | ||||
| love | chairman | ||||
| invite the president to check lose profession | |||||
| mother | |||||
| interfere | |||||
| world | |||||
| I can, I can | |||||
| young sea Moscow man wash | |||||
| work | |||||
| rejoice | |||||
| disarmament | |||||
| tell | |||||
| child revolution river draw Motherland scold | |||||
| punish | |||||
| people | |||||
| headphones | |||||
| don't know | |||||
| I can't | lead | ||||
| don't understand don't want a new night | |||||
| light | |||||
| family | |||||
| sister strong hearing impaired weak hear watch snow meeting agree sun competition bedroom thank you specialty calm stadium diligent old table dining room strict chair ashamed count son dance theater TV notebook difficult | restroom | ||||
| respect | |||||
| street | |||||
| lesson | |||||
| morning | |||||
| participate | |||||
| teacher | |||||
| learn | |||||
| student | |||||
| study | |||||
| cosy | |||||
| physical education praise good want | |||||
| whose man is black honest clean read that closet school excursion museum | |||||
How to communicate with a person in the language of the deaf?
Sign language
First, one of the major misconceptions about sign languages is the idea that they depend on or are derived from verbal languages (audio and written) and that these languages were invented by hearing people. This is wrong. Secondly, fingerprinting of letters is often mistaken for sign languages - that is, when letters are “depicted” with hands.
The difference between dactylology and sign language, which is used by deaf people to communicate with each other, is that dactylology is used mainly to pronounce proper names, geographical names or specific terms, that is, each word is “showed” by letters by hand. At the same time, gesture signs represent entire words and in total there are more than 2000 gestures in the dictionary of the deaf and dumb. Showing some of them will not be difficult.
For example:
You can study sign language in more detail using the famous book by G. L. Zaitseva “Sign speech. Dactylology".
It is easier to get acquainted with the basics of dactylology - there is an established alphabet, and by spelling the word with gestures, you can communicate with a deaf person. In Russian dactylology there are 33 dactyl signs, each of which corresponds to the outline of the corresponding letter.
Russian dactylic alphabet from the website deafnet.ru:
Photo by: deafnet.ru Note that a deaf or hard of hearing person will most likely understand what exactly you want to tell him without sign language, because for the most part they read lips very well.
This post has been brewing for a little over six months. And finally, I got around to finishing it and summing it up.
There are more than 13 million deaf and hard of hearing people in Russia. The birth of a child with hearing impairment in a family is a difficult test both for parents and for the child himself, who needs special learning tools and, most importantly, communication with peers and relatives. Fortunately, the Russian Society of the Deaf is actively working on this front. Thanks to the activities of its branches, people with hearing impairments unite and communicate with each other without feeling excluded from the social process.
There are also problems: a shortage of educational institutions that accept people with hearing impairments, a shortage of sign language interpreters and teaching aids that allow them to master sign language.
The idea of learning Russian sign language and helping as a sign language interpreter came to me a long time ago. But from then to this day I have never been able to find time. The materials have already been found, all the necessary information has been obtained, but there is still no time. Well, okay, let's start small - with the initial educational program, so to speak.
Russian sign language is an independent linguistic unit that is used for communication by people with hearing impairments.
Sign language does not consist only of a static figure shown by the hands - it also contains a dynamic component (the hands move in a certain way and are in a certain position relative to the face) and a facial component (the facial expression of the speaker illustrates the gesture). Also, when speaking in sign language, it is customary to “pronounce” words with your lips.
In addition to this, when communicating with people with hearing impairments, you should be extremely attentive to your posture and involuntary hand gestures - they can be misinterpreted.
The basis of sign language is the dactyl (finger) alphabet. Each letter of the Russian language corresponds to a certain gesture (see picture).
Knowledge of this alphabet will help you initially overcome the “language barrier” between you and a person with hearing impairment. But fingerprinting (spelling) is rarely used by deaf people in everyday speech. Its main purpose is to pronounce proper names, as well as terms for which their own gesture has not yet been formed.
For most words in Russian sign language, there is a gesture that denotes the entire word. At the same time, I would like to note that almost all gestures are intuitive and very logical. For example: 
“Write” - we seem to take a pen and write on the palm of our hand. “Count” - we begin to bend our fingers. “Grandfather” looks a lot like a beard, doesn’t it? Sometimes in gestures for complex concepts you are simply amazed at how accurately the essence of the subject is noted.
The structure of sign language is not at all complicated. The word order corresponds to ordinary sentences in the Russian language. For prepositions and conjunctions of one letter, their dactyl gesture (a letter from the alphabet) is used. Verbs are neither conjugated nor inflected. To indicate time, it is enough to give a marker word (Yesterday, Tomorrow, 2 days ago) or put the “was” gesture in front of the verb.
Like any other language, Russian sign language is very living, it changes all the time and varies significantly from region to region. Manuals and educational materials are updated at a snail's pace. Therefore, the recent publication of an ABC book for children with hearing impairments was a real event.
The basic gestures with which you can communicate with deaf people are quite basic: 
Forgive me for the handicraft execution, I literally made the sign “on my knees” based on materials from a 1980 textbook. I note that the word “I” is often shown with the letter “I” from the alphabet.
But the main difficulty is not even in the basics of gestures, but in learning to “read” them from the hands. At first, I had to deal with the fact that gestures can be complex - they consist of several positions of the hand, following each other. And out of habit, it’s damn hard to separate the end of one gesture and the beginning of another. Therefore, learning to sign, in my opinion, will take no less time than learning any foreign language, and maybe more.
The materials on studying sign language that I managed to find on the Internet are quite scarce. Nevertheless:
1. Textbook "Studying Gesture" 1980 edition
2. Dictionary of gestures, approximately the same age as the textbook
3. Letter knowledge training - they show you a gesture, you enter the letter. Entered incorrectly - the face becomes upset.
5. A relatively new video tutorial on Russian sign language. Archived in a five-part multi-volume archive. The password for the archives (apparently set by the author of the manual) is wonderful - Balrog. Attention: the manual does not open on 64-bit Windows =(
Piece 1
Piece 2
Piece 3
Piece 4
Piece 5
6. Translated review literature about the meaning of gestures and facial expressions
All materials were re-uploaded to Yandex for safety and also duplicated on the hard drive. On the Internet you never know whether you will be able to find this or that book again.
Well, in conclusion, I want to say one more thing. I often see people with hearing impairments in the subway and on the street, in cafes. These are cheerful, beaming people, completely ordinary, just having different ways of communicating. Deafness does not prevent them from being happy - from having friends, a favorite job and a family. They can even sing on the horn and dance - yes, yes, people with hearing impairments still hear music, perceiving its wave vibrations.
But at the same time, I can’t help but think that by simply mastering a couple of gestures, society can make their life much easier and more convenient. I’ll think, if I do take up the study of sign language and it won’t irritate my friends too much, I’ll gradually publish simple phrases in sign language for everyday use - so that they can be studied and applied if necessary.
New for 2015 – release of a CD for teaching Russian sign language “Let's get acquainted!”. These are specially designed videos for hearing people who want to learn about Deaf culture and language.
The course was developed by specialists Center for Education of the Deaf and Sign Language named after Zaitseva.
Brief information about the deaf and hard of hearing.
- 100 most used gestures
- Video clips about the rules of communication with the deaf.
- Common phrases/dialogues used in communication.
The release of the disc became possible thanks to the VOG project “Let’s Preserve and Recognize the Diversity of the Russian Sign Language”, financial support was partially provided by the Russkiy Mir Foundation.
Chapter THIS IS IMPORTANT contains gestures:
I
YOU
DEAF
HEARING
TRANSFER
HELP
LOVE
YES
NO
CAN
IT IS FORBIDDEN
HELLO
GOODBYE
THANK YOU
Chapter QUESTIONS contains gestures:
WHO?
WHAT?
WHERE?
WHERE?
FOR WHAT?
WHY?
WHERE?
WHICH?
WHOSE?
HOW?
WHEN?
Chapter WHO - WHAT contains gestures:
WOMAN
MAN
HUMAN
MOTHER
DAD
HUSBAND (WIFE)
FRIEND
DOCTOR
CAT
DOG
ADDRESS
PHONE (MOBILE)
INTERNET
CITY
BUS
CAR
METRO
TRAM
TROLLEYBUS
MINISTRUTKA
TAXI
AIRPLANE
TRAIN
AIRPORT
RAILWAY STATION
SHOP
MARKET
BANK
HOSPITAL
POLICE
SCHOOL
JOB
Chapter WHAT DO WE DO? contains gestures:
EAT
WAS
WAS NOT
WILL
WILL NOT BE
UNDERSTAND
DON'T UNDERSTAND
KNOW
DON'T KNOW
SPEAK
WRITE
WANT
DON'T WANT
REMEMBER
DO
REPLY
ASK
Chapter HOW – WHAT? contains gestures:
FINE
BADLY
FINE
HURT
SLOWLY
FAST
FEW
MANY
COLD
HOT
DANGEROUS
BEAUTIFUL
DELICIOUS
SMART
KIND
CALM
Chapter WHEN? contains gestures:
TODAY
YESTERDAY
TOMORROW
MORNING
DAY
EVENING
NIGHT
WEEK
MONTH
YEAR
Chapter DACTYLOLOGY contains symbols of letters of the Russian alphabet.
Chapter NUMERALS contains designations of numbers.
Chapter LET'S TALK
I love you.
What is your name?
How old are you?
Are you studying or working?
Where do you work?
I need a job.
I live in Russia.
Give me your address.
Send me an email.
I'll send you an SMS.
Let's go for a walk.
It is dangerous to ride a bicycle here.
Do you have a car?
I have a driver's license.
Do you want tea or coffee?
Be careful, the milk is hot.
I have a deaf son.
This is a good kindergarten for deaf children.
Do you have deaf teachers?
Parents of deaf children should know sign language.
My daughter is hard of hearing, she has a hearing aid, but she does not need a cochlear implant!
Good translators are needed everywhere.
I want to watch movies with subtitles.
There are many talented deaf artists and actors in Russia.
I need a translator.
Should you call a doctor?
Are you thirsty?
I love children.
Let's go play.
Chapter THIS IS NEEDED contains phrases in sign language:
I am deaf.
I am hard of hearing.
I can't hear.
I know some signs.
Do you know sign language? – I don’t know gestures very well, but I know dactylology.
Can I help you?
Do you need an interpreter?
Where do you live?
Where are you from?
Where is the bus stop?
The metro station is close.
I'm thirsty.
Where is the toilet?
This section provides rules for communicating with deaf people and simple dialogues in sign language.
RULES FOR COMMUNICATION WITH THE DEAF AND HARD OF HEARING PEOPLE
Rules for communicating with people with hearing impairments:
- look the interlocutor in the face, do not turn away during the conversation.
- do not raise your voice, but clearly articulate.
- use the services of a sign language interpreter.
- transmit information in writing by any means.
The main ways to attract the attention of the deaf and hard of hearing:
- pat on the shoulder.
- hand waving.
- knock on the table.
The disc also contains the brochure “What would you like to know about the deaf”, published by the Central Board of the All-Russian Society of the Deaf? International Day of the Deaf. It briefly summarizes general information about deaf people and how to communicate with them. The brochure is written primarily in a question-and-answer format, making it very easy to read.
