The basis of any ancient culture is writing. When did it originate in Rus'? For a long time there was an opinion that writing came to Rus' along with Christianity, with church books and prayers. However, it is difficult to agree with this. There is evidence of existence Slavic writing long before the Christianization of Rus'. In 1949, Soviet archaeologist D.V. Avdusin, during excavations near Smolensk, found a clay vessel dating back to the beginning of the 10th century, on which was written “gorushna” (spice). This meant that already at that time writing was in use in the East Slavic environment, there was an alphabet. This is also evidenced by the testimony of the Byzantine diplomat and Slavic educator Kirill. While serving in Chersonesus in the 60s of the 9th century. he became acquainted with the Gospel written in Slavic letters. Subsequently, Cyril and his brother Methodius became the founders of the Slavic alphabet, which, apparently, was in some part based on the principles of Slavic writing, which existed among the Eastern, Southern and Western Slavs long before their Christianization.

The history of the creation of the Slavic alphabet is as follows: the Byzantine monks Cyril and Methodius spread Christianity among Slavic peoples southeastern Europe. Greek theological books had to be translated into Slavic languages, but there was no alphabet corresponding to the peculiarities of the sound of Slavic languages. It was the brothers who decided to create it, since Kirill’s education and talent made this task feasible.

In honor of its creator, the new alphabet was called “Cyrillic”.

For some time, along with the Cyrillic alphabet, another Slavic alphabet was in use - the Glagolitic alphabet. It had the same composition of letters, but with a more complex, ornate spelling.

The Christianization of Rus' gave a powerful impetus further development writing, literacy. Since the time of Vladimir, church scholars and translators from Byzantium, Bulgaria, and Serbia began to come to Rus'. Numerous translations of Greek and Bulgarian books of both ecclesiastical and secular content appeared, especially during the reign of Yaroslav the Wise and his sons. In particular, Byzantine texts are translated historical works, biographies of Christian saints. These translations became the property of literate people; they were read with pleasure in the princely, boyar, merchant circles, in monasteries, churches, where Russian chronicle writing originated.

From the 11th century In wealthy families, they began to teach literacy not only to boys, but also to girls. Sister of Vladimir Monomakh Yanka, founder convent in Kyiv, created a school there to educate girls.

A clear indication of the widespread spread of literacy in cities and suburbs are the so-called birch bark letters.

There remains one more interesting evidence of the development of literacy in Rus' - the so-called graffiti inscriptions. They were scratched on the walls of churches by those who loved to pour out their souls. Among these inscriptions are reflections on life, complaints, prayers. The famous Vladimir Monomakh, while still a young man, during a church service, lost in a crowd of the same young princes, scrawled “Oh, it’s hard for me” on the wall of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv and signed his Christian name “Vasily.”

Making Ancients handwritten books was an expensive and time-consuming task. The material for them was parchment - specially made leather.

Unfortunately, very few ancient books have survived. In total there are about 130 copies of priceless evidence of the 11th-12th centuries. came to us. In Rus' in the Middle Ages they knew several types of writing. To decorate manuscripts, titles in the Middle Ages were written in a special, decorative font - script. The letters, stretched upward, intertwined with each other (hence the name - ligature), forming a text similar to an ornamental ribbon. They wrote in script not only on paper. Gold and Silver vessels and fabrics were often covered with elegant inscriptions. Of all types of ancient writing until the 19th century. It was the ligature that was preserved, although only in Old Believer books and decorative “antique” inscriptions.

On the pages ancient Russian books the text was arranged in one or two columns. Letters were not divided into lowercase and uppercase. They filled the line in a long sequence without the usual intervals between words. To save space, some letters, mainly vowels, were written above the line or replaced with the “title” sign - a horizontal line. The endings of words that were well known and often used were also truncated, for example God, Mother of God, Gospel, etc.

Medieval handwritten books were elegantly decorated. Before the text, they always made a headband - a small ornamental composition, often in the form of a frame around the title of a chapter or section. The first, capital letter in the text - “initial” - was written larger and more beautiful than the others, decorated with ornaments, sometimes in the form of a man, animal, bird, or fantastic creature. Usually the initial was red. Since then they say - “write from the red line”. The section ended with an “ending” - a small drawing, for example, an image of two birds similar to peacocks.

The most complex look The book's illustrations were miniatures. The artists painted the miniatures on text-free sheets of the book with a brush and red. Most often these were portraits of customers or the author of the book (for example, evangelists), illustrations for the text. Icon painting had a great influence on the art of miniatures. The best masters icon painters Theophanes the Greek and Andrei Rublev painted book miniatures. Smaller sizes, compared to icons, required greater subtlety of artistic execution.

It is no secret that the formation of ancient Russian church literature began after such a process as Christianization. According to certain data, literacy in Rus' appeared thanks to Bulgaria, after the well-known religious act took place in 998. This version turned out to be not entirely correct. Historians have proven that Old Russian letters, as well as Old Russian writing appeared thanks to Cyril and Methodius.

Many people know that in Rus' they already had writing before 988, and this is a recognized fact. Some researchers argue that writing began to appear during the Bronze Age. According to the treatise of Chernorizets Khrabra, which is dedicated to the appearance ancient Slavic writing, this process had several main stages. One of the main stages was the borrowing of letters from the Greek and Latin alphabets. That is why Old Russian letters have known origins.

http://artgarmony.ru/

Features of the development of writing in Rus'

The development of writing was also influenced by the signs of many local peoples. If we talk about total number the main such signs, there were about two hundred of them. According to historians, the bearers of the so-called Chernyakhov culture supported quite good relationship with the Greeks and Romans. Many representatives of this culture often visited ancient cities, where they acquired certain writing skills.

In the Cathedral of St. Sophia, the Sophia alphabet was discovered, which was drawn on the wall in quite high quality and in large, expressive letters. According to some researchers, this alphabet is an ordinary Cyrillic alphabet. The only main difference is that the Sofia alphabet is unfinished. By the way, the ancient Russian letters are depicted here quite neatly. This suggests that the Sofian alphabet deserves every right to be called pre-Cyrillic, it ideally reflects the initial stage of the emergence of Slavic writing.

Creating the first library

It is worth noting that in the 11th century, Yaroslav the Wise created a cultural and educational center in Kyiv, where the first library appeared. In this library, according to historians,
very important political documents, various texts of treaties, etc. were stored. Also here you could see a large number of books, mainly literate translations of Christian literature, church documentation, etc.

Modern research has learned that East Slavic writing appeared exclusively thanks to the missions of Cyril.

http://hvrax.ru/

Sources of Old Russian writing

The main source of occurrence Old Russian writing nevertheless, Greek sources served. This was facilitated by Old Russian symbols. The first Cyrillic alphabet had several variants. One option consisted of 38 letters, and the other of 43 letters. Many historians are trying to answer the following question: what exactly was the alphabet that Cyril invented?

If we talk about the Glagolitic alphabet, then this is one of the most mysterious problems of the entire period of formation of Old Russian writing. By the way, the origin of the Glagolitic alphabet is unknown to this day. Today, the ancient Russian alphabet, writing and reading, is also a kind of mystery for researchers.

Most importantly, scientists have proven that Cyril put a lot of effort into the appearance of the first alphabet, alphabet and writing in Rus'. Of course, this topic has been quite discussed for many decades, since, unfortunately, there are not many facts about the emergence of writing in Ancient Rus'.

Video: The history of the birth of Slavic writing

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Hearing the phrase " ancient Russian writing", we associate its formation with the personalities of two later canonized Greek monks - Cyril (Constantine) and his brother Methodius (mid-9th century AD). Both had an impeccable lifestyle and preferred monastic life to military career - both were the sons of a Byzantine military leader. However, more and more scientists are inclined to believe that they did not invent the alphabet that now underlies the Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian and many national alphabets of the peoples of Russia. The artificial Glagolitic alphabet did not take root in Rus', although it served for some time in Croatia and Dalmatia.

“That Cyril and Methodius (especially Cyril) compiled the alphabet for the Slavs is recognized by everyone, on the basis of numerous and undoubted evidence from antiquity; but the time and place of compilation of this alphabet are a matter of disagreement between scientists, as well as the question of which of the two is knownCurrently existing Slavic alphabets, Glagolitic or Cyrillic, were invented by Kirill" (article by A. B-va from " Encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus and Efron").

The main merit of Cyril and Methodius is not in the invention of a more or less successful alphabet, but in the translation into the Proto-Slavic language of the main sacred texts for Christians, which contributed to the transition of the Slavic peoples from paganism to Christianity. Thus, even if we do not know exactly which alphabet was invented by the brothers, because of this we should not question their role as educators of the Slavic peoples: they first began to preach Christianity in Eastern Europe in the language of the inhabitants of these countries, because of which they were persecuted by the papal clergy. It belongs to the brothers Cyril and Methodius main role in the adoption of Orthodoxy in Rus', which happened approximately 100 years after their death.

Old Church Slavonic alphabet

Russian master scribes gave the world many excellent manuscripts. One of the brilliant examples of handwritten books is the “Ostromir Gospel”, ancientan incredible monument to Church Slavonic writing and the oldest monument Russian editors. It was recorded in 1056-1057 for the Novgorod languagegardener Ostromir (baptized Joseph) by deacon Gregory. “The Ostromir Gospel” is a perfectly preserved parchment manuscript of beautiful writing on 294 sheets, of which three contain picturesque images of the evangelists John, Luke and Mark, and two were left blank.

The symbolism of Russian masters was revealed in the writing of initial letters, which indicates an undoubted connection between thinkers of the East and West. The initial letters of books were decorated with patterns and painted in a different color than the rest of the text, which is where the name “red line” came from. Such initial letters were also written in Western European manuscripts.

Ancient Russian writing - Lines from "Ostromir's Scripture"

	However, Russian scribes often depicted the letter A (Az) in the form of a fantastic animal - the half-beast, half-bird Simurg (Semargl), which is called the “Russian sphinx.” This mythical animal served as the personification of the most ancient wisdom.
	It’s as if a person is woven into the letter B (Buki), who symbolically holds the letter in second place, which saves this letter from “running ahead,” that is, from the sin of pride. The pattern of the letter B (Vedat) includes a face in a mask, which personifies deepening in knowledge.
	In letter 3 (Earth) from the “Primer” by Karion Istomin (XVI century), under the symbol “snake” the concept of “earth” was encrypted (an animal crawling on the ground and symbolizing wisdom).

However, over time, such complex allegories no longer help a person study complex texts, but, on the contrary, complicate them even more and interfere with the perception of already difficult concepts. The letter turned into solid calligraphy. Therefore, the reform of writing carried out by Tsar Peter the Great was a truly great gift to the people and advanced Russian science, which in one leap overcame the centuries-long lag behind Western science. The point is that in-depth study Holy Scripture Although it developed piety among parishioners, it objectively hampered the development of science. Sciences, especially accurate (“digital”) ones, were not needed in Russia for a long time. Graspendthrifts were revered as sorcerers, books with “digits” were considered “black books” (from the unclean, devilish). It got to the point that one fine day it became clear that there was no one to even calculate church Easter eggs, and the famous Archbishop G. Gonzov had to send an entire expedition to the Mediterranean for consultations for this reason.

Ancient Russian writing (Old Slavonic writing), made in ligature.

The formation of Old Russian church literature, which began after the first Christianization, forces us to briefly dwell on the problem of the emergence of East Slavic writing. For a long time, the prevailing belief in science was that literacy came to Rus' from Bulgaria after the religious act of 988. This view, however, turned out to be incorrect. IN lately the existence of ancient Russian writing of the pre-Cyrillian type has been proven.

The fact that Rus' was able to write before 988 has long been known in the literature and is attested to by a number of written sources (for example, treaties between Rus' and the Greeks, reports of some eastern authors - al-Nedim, etc.). The problem lies in determining the origins of writing - a process that, according to some researchers, began in the Bronze Age.

An extremely interesting treatise by Chernorizets Khrabra (10th century), dedicated to the emergence of ancient Slavic writing, has reached us. It proposes a periodization involving three stages of the process. At the first stage, the Slavs used “lines and cuts” to transmit distant (in space and time) information, with the help of which “chteahu and gataahu” (counted and told fortunes). The second stage is characterized by the use of letters of the Greek and Latin alphabets for writing “without arrangement,” that is, without adaptation to the phonetic features of the Slavic languages. The third is the activity of Cyril the Philosopher and his invention of a special Slavic alphabet.

In our time, this scheme has received convincing confirmation, especially on the basis of archaeological materials. Brave’s “traits and cuts” are symbolic signs that represented the embryo of Russian hieroglyphics. We are talking primarily about the “mysterious signs” of the Black Sea region (sometimes they are called “Sarmatian”, although this is not entirely accurate). A large literature is devoted to these signs, but the problem still remains unexhausted.

The total number of types of signs (more than 200) excludes the possibility of interpreting them as letters of the phonetic alphabet. They are found in separate characters and in the form of texts that have not yet been deciphered. Attempts to interpret them as tamgas, signs of ownership and similar insignias did not yield positive results.

The second stage, determined by the use of phonetic writing based on the use of Greek and Latin graphics, is perfectly documented by archaeological materials of the Chernyakhov culture. It covers the first half and middle of the 1st millennium AD. Recently, dozens of autographs from that time have been discovered (though for now these are individual letters and words), and numerous finds of styles indicate the widespread use of writing among the ancient Slavic population.

The bearers of the Chernyakhov culture maintained close and varied relations with the Romans and Greeks. Many of them traveled to ancient cities, mastered Greek and Latin languages, received an education, sometimes a very high one, mastering the skills of written culture well. One way or another, the idea of ​​​​using letters of a foreign alphabet to depict Slavic words should have been on the agenda.

In this case, naturally, purely practical difficulties, due to the inconsistency of both alphabets with the phonetics of Slavic languages. In the Greek alphabet, for example, there were no signs to convey the sounds “b”, “u”, hissing, voiceless vowels, diphthongs “ts”, “ch”, etc. Therefore, adaptation of existing graphic systems was relevant. According to Khrabr, such a “dispensation” constitutes the main content of the third period. But educational activities Kirill the Philosopher and his students does not exhaust the entire process and is only the final stage. One of the most significant achievements historical science for last decades is the discovery of the Sophia alphabet, reflecting the initial stage of the “dispensation” of Slavic writing. It includes 23 letters of the Greek alphabet - from "alpha" to "omega" - with the addition of four specifically Slavic characters: "b", "zh", "sh", "sch" (the latter was pronounced as a diphthong "tsh"). These are the most necessary letters, without which Slavic writing could not function normally.

The Sophia alphabet was discovered in the St. Michael's chapel of the Kyiv Cathedral of St. Sofia, where in the middle of the 11th century. there was a library and scriptorium. It is drawn on the wall very carefully, in large letters (about 3 cm high). Some researchers assumed that this was an ordinary Cyrillic alphabet, only unfinished. However, this assumption seems incredible. The author depicted the letters carefully, leading up to the “omega” itself, which completed the list. The missing “zh” is written above the line in the proper place, but “ts” and “ch” are not written in. “Fita” is not at the end of the alphabet, as it should be in the Cyrillic alphabet, but in tenth place - between “i” and “i”, as is customary in the Greek alphabet. The author carefully wrote down the signs that were unnecessary for the Slavic language (for example, “xi” or the same “omega”), but left without attention the often used unvoiced vowels (“ъ” and “ь”), both yus, the necessary “ch” and “u” " ("worm" and "uk"), etc.

Thus, the idea arises that the alphabet discovered in Sofia of Kyiv is pre-Cyrillic and reflects the initial stage in the “organization” of Slavic writing. It is not difficult to understand its appearance on the wall of the scriptorium and library. In the first half of the 11th century. Yaroslav the Wise organized a cultural and educational center in Kyiv, where there was the first library known in Rus'. It undoubtedly contained documents from the pre-Vladimir period (this is evidenced by the texts of treaties between Rus' and the Greeks, which have come down to us as part of later chronicles). Obviously, there were many such official letters. In addition, books from the second half of the 9th-10th centuries were also kept. - translations of Christian literature, chronicles, church documentation, etc.

The spelling of these manuscripts (although similar to the Cyrillic alphabet, but still different from it) could not help but attract the attention of Kyiv scribes of the 11th century. Some of them reconstructed this ancient alphabet based on existing texts and wrote it out for memory or for educational purposes on the wall of the Mikhailovsky chapel - in a place inaccessible to prying eyes.

On modern stage Research has established that East Slavic writing arose independently of the mission of Cyril. It was formed on the basis of two sources, which respectively determined two genetic lines. The first of them was the Black Sea hieroglyphics, combined with the phonetic writing of the Greeks and Romans. As a result, the so-called Russian-Khazar letter arose, the existence of which is attested by Eastern authors. The monuments of this letter have already been deciphered. A branch of this line - the runic alphabet - in the first half of the 1st millennium AD. became widespread not only in the Black Sea region, but also far to the West - up to Scandinavia inclusive. On Slavic soil, a “proto-glagolic” alphabet arose, around which a heated debate has unfolded in recent decades.

Another source was the Greek writing with a well-established and fairly perfect phonetic alphabet. The process of “arrangement,” which ultimately led to the crystallization of the Cyrillic alphabet in its two variants (Moravian of 38 letters and Bulgarian of 43 letters), determined the main direction in the formation of its own Slavic writing.

   The question remains open as to which alphabet Kirill invented. Many researchers are inclined to favor the Cyrillic alphabet. Others believe that it was Glagolitic. The author of these lines is among the latter.

The Glagolitic alphabet is the most mysterious problem of Early Vienna writing. Its origin has not yet been clarified. The most plausible hypothesis put forward by E.E. Garnström does not explain the mechanism of origin of the alphabet itself. It has all the signs of being artificially constructed, but most of its letters find a correspondence among the “Sarmatian” signs of the Black Sea region.

Unfortunately, in the controversy that continues to this day, one question is replaced by another. Debating the graphic nature of Kirill's contribution, researchers reduce it to the chronological relationship of both Slavic alphabets. It is considered certain that Cyril's alphabet was the first Slavic alphabet and, therefore, preceded the second.

But this premise turned out to be incorrect. The most plausible concept was proposed by the famous Bulgarian philologist Emil Georgiev. According to it, the Cyrillic alphabet is a natural alphabet, formed spontaneously in the process of adapting Greek graphics to the phonetic features of Slavic languages. Chronologically, it precedes the Glagolitic alphabet, as it was formed over several centuries even before the 9th century. Glagolitic is an artificial alphabet invented by Cyril around 862. It was not used due to its complexity and practical inconveniences, giving way to the Cyrillic alphabet, which finally took shape in the 9th-10th centuries. Perhaps Cyril's acquaintance with Russian books in Chersonesos a year before the start of the Moravian mission to some extent influenced his invention.

The fact that the Chersonese books were written in “proto-glagolitic” follows from the evidence of the “Pannonian Life”. Kirill understood the language of these works, but did not know the alphabet at all. To establish coordination between signs and sounds, he needed the help of a literate Rusyn. He would have learned the Cyrillic alphabet, which was based on the Greek majuscule, without any particular difficulty. It becomes clear the appearance in ancient Russian literature tendencies to consider the alphabet created by Kirill as borrowed from Rus'. " And the Russian letter was given by God to Rusin in Korsun, from which the philosopher Konstantin learned and from there compiled and wrote books in the Russian language“, we read in “The Tale of Rus’ literacy.” Researchers attribute the emergence of this trend to the turn of the 11th-12th centuries, but it is possible that a similar version existed much earlier.

18.06.2011

I really love Fairy Tales. As a child, I read a lot and there were always a lot of books with fairy tales in the library. But to move on to Fairy Tales, we need to talk a little about the origins of our Slavic writing, about our language and in general about our Heritage.

Initially, we did not have writing, because we communicated using telepathy. This is the language that animals and plants use. But then some people began to lag behind in evolutionary development and they had to use language to communicate. “A thought expressed is a LIE” is an axiom. And then writing began to appear. The original writing was FIGURATIVE: it conveyed images. Then a more primitive writing appeared.

NODULARY. The signs of this writing were not written down, but were transmitted using knots tied on threads.
Knots were tied to the main thread of the narrative, constituting a word-concept (hence - “knots for memory”, “connect thoughts”, “connect word with word”, “speak confusingly”, “knot of problems”, “intricacy of the plot”, “plot” and “denouement” - about the beginning and end of the story).

One concept was separated from another by a red thread (hence - “write from a red line”). An important idea was also knitted with a red thread (hence - “runs like a red thread through the entire narrative”). The thread was wound into a ball (hence, “thoughts got tangled”). These balls were stored in special birch bark boxes (hence - “talk to three boxes”).

The proverb has also been preserved: “What she knew, she said, and strung on a thread.” Do you remember in fairy tales that Ivan Tsarevich, before going on a journey, receives a ball from Baba Yaga? This is not a simple ball, but an ancient guide. As he unwound it, he read the knotted notes and learned how to get to the right place.

The knotted letter is mentioned in the “Source of Life” (Second Message): “Echoes of battles penetrated the world that was inhabited on Midgard-earth. At the very border there was that land and on it lived the Race of pure light. Memory has preserved many times, tying into knots the thread of past battles.”

The sacred knot script is also mentioned in the Karelian-Finnish epic “Kalevala”:
“The rain brought me songs.
The wind inspired me to sing.
The sea waves brought...
I rolled them into one ball,
And I tied a bunch into one...
And in the barn under the rafters
He hid them in a copper casket.”

In the recording of Elias Lönnrot, the collector of the Kalevala, there are even more interesting lines that he recorded from the famous rune singer Arhipp Ivanov-Pertunen (1769 - 1841). Rune singers sang them as a beginning before performing Runes:

“Here I am untying the knot.
Here I am dissolving the ball.
I will sing a song from the best,
I will perform the most beautiful..."

The creatures who came to Rus', in order to hide the truth about their origin, their hostility to the Race and the seizure of our planet, declared “nauz” (knot writing) witchcraft, and wearing “charm” (amulet knots, from the word “bayat” - to speak) - sinful act.

There was VOLUMETRIC writing, which was depicted in volume even on a plane. The signs of knotted writing depicted on a plane are called Volumetric Trags or Elm. The possibility of three-dimensional vision is achieved by defocusing vision. The stereoscopic effect is enhanced by superimposing a visualized thought form on the text.
Such holographic color moving “pictures” explain the meaning of what is written. The voluminous letter was very difficult to write and read, so it is used only by specially trained Da’Aryan Guardian Priests.

Then the letter went into PLATE. Next was an even more primitive SYLLABLE. And now a PHONETIC letter has been imposed on us. When reading phonetically, we seem to glide along the surface, unable to go into depth. And any superficial knowledge is considered incomplete, distorted, i.e. lies.
TO UNDERSTAND SOMETHING DEEPLY, YOU NEED TO MASTER NOT THE COMBINATION OF LETTERS, NOT THE WRITING OF LETTERS, BUT THE CONNECTION OF IMAGES, THE CONNECTION IN ESSENCE: WHY IT IS SAID THIS WAY AND THIS IS OTHERWISE AND WHAT IS THE MEANING IN THIS. THIS WILL BE THE MOST CORRECT WAY: YOU NEED TO KNOW THE BASIS TO UNDERSTAND EVERYTHING ELSE.

And it is not at all by chance that before 1917 initial training V mandatory gave knowledge of the basics of the Old Church Slavonic language. This is where education began (the calling of the image), i.e. the ability to connect and understand the meaning of initial letters and words. And without this skill (key), which gives access to ancient texts, the rest of the training was considered meaningless.

In education, the main thing is the collection and improvement of quality characteristics compared to those with which we came here, and not the stereotyped memorization of words, phrases, concepts, images... etc.

According to the Wisdom of our Ancestors, “IMAGE” is a set of diverse knowledge that is combined into a specific description of an object or phenomenon. Each image carries a deep essence. This essence makes it possible to understand the purpose and existence of this image.

It is the child initial stage learning is still able to penetrate into the deep essence of any image, including the way of thinking, bypassing the secondary. The ability to understand the primary meaning of an image, to visualize the image clearly and in detail, to think in images, i.e. to be able means to be a MAGIC.

The magician is the one who can. The Russian language was and still remains a language of images of deep meaning, in contrast to European ones, which give a superficial (broad) understanding of the transmitted information.

In ancient times, the Slavic-Aryan peoples had four main letters according to the number of main Clans of the White Race. The most ancient surviving documents were written down with Runes or Runics.

Ancient Runes are not letters or hieroglyphs in our modern understanding, but a kind of secret images that convey a huge amount of Ancient Knowledge. Signs represent numbers, letters, and individual objects or phenomena, either frequently used or very important.

And those philologists who claim that they can read runic text are deceived. They pick up only the “tops”, unaware of the “roots”. Each Rune of Karuna (union of runes) has over 144 meanings!!! The decipherment of these texts was carried out by professionals who had the gift of connecting and understanding the path of the image of the runes - the darrungs.
The graphemes of Karuna and the Holy Russian Initial were written under the so-called “celestial” line. But the images they carried within them often did not coincide. To identify the desired image embedded in the text, in addition to “simple reading”, three more so-called “deep readings” (step-by-step deciphering) were carried out.

The result of each stage became the “key” to the transition to the next stage. All four readings were combined into a single text (simple reading - everyday wisdom; deep reading - the highest order of wisdom). And vice versa: deep information was superimposed on the publicly available text (simple reading), using it as a matrix medium.
The result was a kind of “information doll” for general use. Ordinary people repeated it in chants and hymns glorifying the Gods from century to century.

This ensured the safety of information over time simply and reliably. And the priests kept the “keys” for decryption ancient wisdom. That's how it was general shape saving knowledge in the past.

The preserved heritage of our Ancestors in the form of Vedic books and texts provides the main proof not only of their literacy, but also proof of the primacy of the Slavic-Aryan culture on Midgard-Earth, because from the moment of its settlement the White Peoples wrote down, stored, and passed on from generation to generation the Commandments of the Gods , Wisdom of the Ancestors, Vedic Knowledge.

How different this is from what is still taught in schools, and is also constantly imposed in books and on TV screens, claiming that supposedly greek monks gave the “illiterate” Slavs-Russians the alphabet and taught us to read and write!
Difficulties in establishing the origins of Russian writing are associated with ignorance of native history, a lack of written primary sources and biased views.

ALL THIS IS DUE NOT ONLY TO RUTHLESS TIME AND NATURAL DISASTERS, BUT ALSO TO A GREAT EXTENT TO THE WIDE-WIDE DESTRUCTION OF WRITTEN SOURCES DURING THE “CHRISTIANIZATION” OF THE SLAVS.

Old Russian books and manuscripts: wooden tablets, birch bark letters, santias (texts on precious metal) was burned and melted down by Prince Vladimir and the foreign missionaries who baptized Rus', depriving the Russian people of historical memory. Particularly valuable Old Russian chronicles on expensive parchment were scraped off by monks and filled in with church texts.
The destruction of national Russian culture was continued by other princes and tsars who asserted their power. The Church achieved complete subordination and control over society and every individual, which led to a decline in the level of literacy, and, consequently, culture!!!

Initially, the language of the White Race existed on the basis of four main and two auxiliary types of writing:

Da'Aryan Thragi - these are figurative symbols that combine complex three-dimensional signs that convey multidimensional quantities and diverse runes. Some of these crypto-hieroglyphic symbols formed the basis of the cryptograms of the Cretan-Mycenaean culture, as well as the hieroglyphic writing of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, Chinese, Korean and Japanese types of hieroglyphic writing.

H'Aryan Karuna - a union of 256 runes (144 main runes and 112 auxiliary) or a priestly letter. Karuna formed the basis of ancient Sanskrit, Devanagari, and was used by the priests of India and Tibet. In a simplified form, Karuna was used by the Western Slavs and Aryans.

Rasen Molvitsy or Figurative Mirror Writing. This writing was called the ETRUSIAN letter, since it was written by the Etruscans, who called themselves Rasens - the same Slavs and Aryans who inhabited Italy in ancient times. This letter formed the basis of the ancient Phoenician alphabet.

Holy Russian images or initial letter , was the most common letter among our Clans in ancient times. Known various options abbreviated initial letter: Old Slovenian or Old Russian alphabet; Velesovitsa or Veles Book font; font of the Holy Russian Magi - texts written on tablets from sacred trees; Church Slavonic alphabet. Old Slovenian or Old Russian language formed the basis of many European languages, including English.

Glagolitic or trade letter , was used to process transactions and trade agreements. Quite a lot of books were written in this letter, which are now essentially monuments of ancient history and writing.

Slovenian folk script, “birch bark” letter or “traits and cuts”, was the simplest and was used for short messages.

What remains today of the Heritage of the Ancestors? In modern Russian language textbooks there is not even a mention of Runic, Glagolitic, Traits and Rezes. Contrary to the data of many studies, Cyril and Methodius continue to be called the creators of Slavic writing?!
And today in everyone Slavic countries note the so-called Day of Slavic literature and culture, glorifying Byzantine monks. Overseas educators, they say, came to the unreasonable and “wild Slavs” and gifted them with writing.

But Cyril and Methodius not only did not create anything, but, on the contrary, they robbed the Russian language. The purpose of this sabotage (and there is no other way to say it) was to carry out an easier translation of the Bible, in the name of which subsequently the cleansing of any manifestations of the original Slavic culture took place.

At the same time, Cyril’s “Pannonian Life” reports that when he arrived in Korsun (Tauric Chersonese) at the end of 860, there he was shown church books written in “Russian characters.”
Cyril used the Slavic initial letter, which existed at that time and consisted of 49 letters, while he removed five letters and gave the Greek name to four. As a result, the Cyrillic alphabet appeared - the Church Slavonic alphabet, the purpose of which was to open the way for the Byzantine Church to the Russian Lands.

WHY DID THESE MONKS NOT LIKE THE FIVE LETTERS OF OUR ANCIENT LETTER?
IT TURNS OUT THAT THEY TRANSMITTED THROAT AND NASAL SOUNDS. LOSSING THE THROAT SOUNDS, THE PEOPLE GRADUALLY LOST THROAT SINGING - A SPECIAL VIBRATION OF THE VOCAL CORDS, AND THE ABSENCE OF NASAL SOUNDS NEGATIVELY AFFECTED THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PITUITARY physis, WHICH IS THE CENTER OF THE WILL.
Now everyone knows that sound is a vibration of a certain frequency. With the help of sound you can heal, or you can destroy a wall. Our ancestors knew the secret power of sound, and the large number of phonemes in the ancient language was not an accident.

Thus, it is more logical to call this day the DAY OF THE DESTRUCTION OF SLAVIC WRITING AND CULTURE. This is much more to the point!

During the time of Yaroslav the Wise, another letter was removed, leaving 43 letters. The second crushing blow was dealt by Peter I when he immediately removed seven letters that corresponded to vowel sounds.
In addition, he introduced a new spelling of letters according to the Western model. It is known that Peter, raised by foreigners, was an opponent of everything truly Russian and he handed over the reform of the Russian Language to foreigners.

It is noteworthy that all the reforms of the Russian Language were carried out by non-Russian people. What does this mean? After all, it is known that in order to enslave a people, it is necessary, first of all, to conquer their spirit by imposing their faith, and secondly, it is necessary to suppress their original culture, cutting off the connection with their ancestors, with their Native Land. And the root of any culture is the Mother Language.

By the beginning of the 19th century, the Slavic initial letter lost three more letters (images). At the same time, three new letters were added - “ya”, “e” and “e”. The most disastrous reform of the Russian Language was carried out by Lunacharsky two months after the Bolshevik victory.
This reform destroyed the sacred part of the language - the images of letters. By force of arms they confiscated i (“and” decimal), as well as yat, izhitsa and fita. The semivowels er (b) and er (b) have become hard and soft signs.

Initially Slavic ABC looked like this:
Az Gods Vjdi Verbs Good Is Is Zhilo Zelo Earth Izhe Izhei Init Herv Kako People Myslte Our On Peace Ratsy Sjlov Tvardo Uk Ouk Fert Her Ot Qi Chervl Sha Shta Er Er Yer Yat Yun Ar Edo Om En Od Yota Ota Xi Psi Fita Izhitsa Izha.

And now it’s like this: A B C D E E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V X W Q C H Y Y Y Z. The information of the ABC, its images, have been lost. Deprived of images, language became UGLY. This is what happened to the Heritage of our ancestors, to the “great and mighty” Russian language, undeservedly trampled upon, desecrated and forgotten.

The Russian alphabet is a completely unique phenomenon among all known methods of alphabetic writing. The ABC, and only it, has content. The Proto-Slavic Alphabet is a Message - a set of coding phrases that allows each sound of the language system to be given an unambiguous graphic correspondence - that is, a letter.

Now let’s read the Message contained in the Proto-Slavic ABC. Let's look at the first three letters of the alphabet - Az, Buki, Vedi.
Az - “I”.
Buki (beeches) - “letters, writing.”
Vedi (vede) - “knew”, perfect past tense of “vediti” - to know, to know.
Combining the acrophonic names of the first three letters of the ABC, we get the following phrase: Az buki vede: I KNOW THE LETTERS.

All subsequent letters of the ABC are combined into phrases:
A verb is a “word,” not only spoken, but also written.
Good - “property, acquired wealth.”
Yes (naturally) - 3rd l. units h. from the verb “to be”.

The verb is good: THE WORD IS AN PROPERTY.

Live (instead of the second “and” the letter “yat” was previously written, pronounced live) - imperative, plural from “live” - “LIVE IN WORK, AND NOT VEGETATE.”
Zelo (transmitted the combination dz = voiced ts) - “zealously, with zeal”, cf. English zeal (persistent, zealous), jealous (jealous), as well as the biblical name Zealot - “jealous”.
Earth - “planet Earth and its inhabitants, earthlings.”
And - the conjunction “and”.
Izhe - “those who, they are the same.”
Kako - “like”, “like”.
People are “reasonable beings.”
Live well, earth, and people like you: LIVE WORKING HARD, EARTHLANDS, AND AS BEGINNING FOR PEOPLE.

Think (written with the letter “yat”, pronounced think) - imperative mood, plural. h. from “to think, to comprehend with the mind.”
Nash - “ours” in the usual meaning.

He is “that one” in the meaning of “single, united”.
The chambers (peace) are “the basis (of the universe).” Wed. “to rest” - “to be based on...”.
Think about our peace: COMPREHEND OUR UNIVERSE.

Rtsy (rtsi) - imperative mood: “speak, utter, read aloud.” Wed. "speech".
The word is “transmitting knowledge.”

Firmly - “confidently, confidently.”
Say your word firmly: CARRY YOUR KNOWLEDGE WITH CONVINCIENCE.

Uk is the basis of knowledge, doctrine. Wed. science, teach, skill, custom.
Fert, f(b)ret - “fertilizes”.
Kher - “divine, given from above.” Wed. German Herr (lord, God), Greek. “hiero” (divine), English. hero (hero), as well as the Russian name for God - Horse.
Uk fret Her: KNOWLEDGE IS FERTILIZED BY THE ALMIGHTY, KNOWLEDGE IS A GIFT OF GOD.

Tsy (qi, tsti) - “sharpen, penetrate, delve, dare.”
Worm (worm) - “he who sharpens, penetrates.”
Ш(т)а (Ш, Ш) - “what” in the meaning “to”.
Ъ, ь (еръ/ерь, ъръ) - are variants of one letter, meaning an indefinite short vowel close to e.

Yus - “light, old Russian jar”. In modern Russian, the root “yas” is preserved, for example, in the word “clear”.
Yat (yati) - “to comprehend, to have.” Wed. withdraw, take, etc.
Tsy, worm, shta ara yus yati: BE BOLD, POINTS, (like) A WORM, SO THAT THE LIGHT OF EXISTING COMPREHENSIVE.

The combination of the above phrases constitutes the ABC MESSAGE:
(Yaroslav Kesler)

Az buki veda:
The verb is good.
Live well, earth,
And, like people,
Think of our chambers.
Rtsy's word is firm -
Uk fret dick.
Tsy, worm, shta
Y'ra yus yati! I KNOW THE LETTERS:
WRITING IS AN ASSET.
WORK HARD, EARTHLANDS,
AS BEfits REASONABLE PEOPLE -
UNDERSTAND THE UNIVERSE!
BRING YOUR WORD WITH CONVINCIENCE -
KNOWLEDGE IS A GIFT OF GOD!
GO FOR IT, GET INTO
THE LIGHT OF EXISTENCE IS COMPREHENSIVE!

Do you want to get a more visual idea of ​​what the writing of our Slavic ancestors was like (as far as possible)?

Let's try to restore the meaning of the phrase “WAY OF LIFE”.
“O-B-Ъ-R-AZ” is an abbreviation and consists of initial letters: On, Bog, Er, Rtsy, Az
Adding up the meaning of each letter we get: HE IS A GOD-CREATED RIVER ASOM.
“ZHI-Z-N-b” is also an abbreviation: Belly, Earth, Ours, Er
This means: THE LIFE OF OUR EARTH, CREATED FROM HIGH.

Combining the words “IMAGE” and “LIFE”, we get the result: CREATED BY GOD AND ASOM ONE OF THE FACES IS ALIVE or BEING IN ONE OF THE QUALITIES.
And “Alive” is a unit of life, or our true Self.
WHAT A BEAUTIFUL RESULT!!!

Did you like it? Then let's continue.

“D-U-SH-A”: Good originally sent multiplied by As.
“B-O-G - B-G-Ъ”: God of the Creator Verbs, i.e. manifesting thought through words.
“D-O-L-G-Ъ”: Good to People Verb the Creator (transmit).
“S-E-B-YA”: This is the Image of God, that is, the descendant of the Gods.
“R-O-D-Ъ”: By uttering He Creates Good.

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