In Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” there are many storylines. The variety of characters helps to better understand the meaning that the author puts into the work.

The image and characterization of Stolz with quotes prove that success is achieved by those who confidently move towards their own goals, without fear of difficulties.

Childhood and literacy

Stolz Andrei Ivanovich was born into a family of a German and a Russian noblewoman. His father was a manager in the village of Verkhlevo, he ran a local boarding house, where Andryusha met young Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. They soon became inseparable friends.

“Russian was a natural speech” Stolz, he learned it from his mother, from books, and adopted many words from peasants and village boys. Parents early began to introduce their son to all kinds of sciences.

“From the age of eight, the boy sat over geographical maps, learned Bible verses, Krylov’s fables.”

When he “looked up from the instructions,” he ran to the neighbor’s kids.

He stayed on the street until late at night, destroyed birds' nests, and often got into fights. The mother complained to her husband that:

“Not a day goes by without a boy returning without a blue spot, and the other day he breaks his nose.”

Despite his violent temper, he never lost his talent for learning. When he played the piano four hands with his mother, she instantly forgot about the bad behavior of her beloved son.

From the age of fourteen, the father began to send his son to the city on certain errands.

“It never happened that the boy forgot, overlooked, changed things up, made a mistake.” Mother did not like this kind of “work discipline.”

The woman dreamed of seeing her son as a gentleman, and not as a farmer with working hands.

Appearance

Andrei Ivanovich was the same age as his friend Ilya Oblomov. The author compares him to a thoroughbred English horse. It seemed that he was composed only of nerves and muscles. Stolz was thin. He was missing "a sign of fatty roundness".

On a dark face, green eyes looked very expressive. The gaze was sharp. Absolutely no detail escaped him. Ilya Oblomov enviously tells his friend that he exudes masculinity and health, because he “is not fat and does not have styes.”

Attitude to work. Financial situation

Andrey was persistent.

“He stubbornly walked along his chosen path. I haven't seen anyone think painfully about anything. Didn’t get lost in difficult circumstances.”

From childhood he was accustomed to any kind of work. After he resigned, he decided to start his own business. Thanks to this, I managed to acquire a house and money. “He is involved in a company that ships goods overseas.” Colleagues respect him and treat him with confidence.

Andrey's life is continuous movement. If work requires you to go abroad, then they definitely send him.

“When there is a need in society to visit Belgium or England, they send Stolz, it is necessary to write a project or adapt a new idea to the case, they choose him.”

This kind of enterprise helped him:

“from the parents’ forty, make three hundred thousand capital.”

To Ilya Oblomov’s assurances that one cannot devote one’s whole life to work, he replies that such a thing is possible. He cannot imagine himself being idle.

“I will never stop working. Labor is the goal, the element and the way of life.”

Lives on a budget, without frills.

“I tried to spend every ruble, with vigilant control over time and labor, the strength of the soul and heart.”

Friendship and love.

Stolz was a loyal and reliable comrade. He became friends with Oblomov when he was a teenager. Together they studied at the boarding school, where Andrei’s father was in charge. The guys were already very different in their aspirations.

Ilya did not like science. But when he developed a passion for poetry, Andryusha began to bring him all kinds of books from home, just to develop his knowledge.

“Stolz’s son spoiled Ilyusha, giving him lessons and doing many translations for him.”

Years later, he never ceases to support Oblomov. He claims that he is a close person to him.

“Closer than any relative: I studied and grew up with him.”

Andrey will always selflessly support his comrade. Ilya happily awaits his visit and trusts him with all his affairs, including financial ones. Stolz would come soon! He writes that it will be soon. He would have sorted it out. When Oblomov has serious problems with the estate, his friend himself offers to help restore order there; he understands that the estate manager is deceiving Ilya Ilyich. He does everything competently.

Even after Oblomov’s death, he never ceases to show concern for his loved ones. He sends his wife Agafya Pshenitsyna the money that the estate brings. He takes the son of his late comrade into his home.

“Andryusha was asked to be raised by Stolz and his wife. Now they consider him a member of their own family.”

Love.

Andrei Ivanovich was careful in relationships with the opposite sex.

“Among my hobbies, I felt the ground under my feet and enough strength to break free in case of emergency. I was not blinded by beauty, I did not lie at the feet of beauties.”

They had a long-standing friendship with Olga Ilyinskaya. The man was older than her and perceived her acquaintance as a child.

“In his eyes I was a charming, promising child.”

After a painful break in relations with Oblomov, Olga and her aunt go abroad. They will meet Andrey in Paris, and will never part again.

Andrey will try in every possible way to brighten up her loneliness in a foreign city.

“Having covered it with notes and albums, Stolz calmed down, believing that he had filled his friend’s leisure time for a long time, and went to work.”

Soon they leave for Switzerland together. Here he becomes even more convinced that he cannot live without Olga.

The man is in love with her.

“During these six months, all the tortures of love, from which he so carefully guarded himself in relationships with women, played out over him.”

Having confessed his sincere feelings to her, he finds out that she feels reciprocity for him. Soon the lovers get married and have children.

The family lives amicably and happily. The widow of the late Ilya Ilyich Oblomov comes to visit them to visit her son Andryushka. The woman understands that their feelings are sincere. “Both existences, Olga and Andrey, merged into one channel. Everything was harmony and silence with them.”

It does not lose its relevance even today, being a brilliant socio-psychological work in Russian literature of the 19th century. In the book, the author touches on a number of eternal topics and questions, without giving clear answers, inviting the reader to independently find solutions to the described conflicts. One of the leading eternal themes in the novel is the theme of family, revealed through the example of the biography of the main characters of the work - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrei Ivanovich Stolts. According to the plot of the novel, Oblomov’s attitude towards family and parents, on the one hand, is similar, but on the other hand, it is radically different from Stolz’s attitude towards family. Andrei Ivanovich and Ilya Ilyich, although they come from the same social system, adopted different family values ​​and received completely different upbringings, which later left an imprint on their fate and development in life.

Oblomov family

The reader encounters a description of Oblomov’s family in the novel “Oblomov” in the final chapter of the first part of the work - “Oblomov’s Dream.”
Ilya Ilyich dreams of beautiful landscapes of his native Oblomovka, his calm childhood, parents and servants. The Oblomov family lived by its own norms and rules, and their main values ​​were the cult of food and relaxation. Every day, the whole family decided what dishes needed to be prepared, and after lunch the whole village plunged into sleepy, lazy idleness. In Oblomovka, it was not customary to talk about anything lofty, argue, discuss serious issues - conversations between family members were meaningless exchanges of words that did not require additional energy and emotions.

It was in such a calming and, in its own way, depressing atmosphere that Ilya Ilyich grew up. The hero was a very curious, interested in everything and an active child, but the excessive care of his parents and their attitude towards him as a greenhouse plant led to the fact that he was gradually swallowed up by the swamp of “Oblomovism”. Moreover, education, science, literacy and all-round development in Oblomov’s family were considered rather a whim, an excess, a fashionable trend, which one could easily do without. That is why, even after sending their son to study, Ilya Ilyich’s parents themselves found many reasons for him to skip classes, staying at home and indulging in idle pastime.

Despite the excessive guardianship on the part of Oblomov’s entourage, Oblomov’s attitude towards his family and parents was the most favorable; he actually loved them with the calm love with which it was customary to love in Oblomovka. And even dreaming about how he would establish his family happiness, Ilya Ilyich imagined his future relationship with his wife exactly as it was between his father and mother - full of care and tranquility, representing the acceptance of his other half for who she is. Perhaps this is why the love of Oblomov and Olga was doomed to parting - Ilyinskaya only at first glance looked like the ideal of his dreams, but in fact she was not ready to devote her life to ordinary everyday joys, which for Ilya Ilyich represented the basis of family happiness.

Stolz family

Andrei Stolts in the novel is Oblomov’s best friend, whom they met during their school years. Andrei Ivanovich grew up in the family of a Russian noblewoman and a German burgher, which could not leave its mark on the already receptive, active and purposeful boy to the world around him. His mother taught Andrei the arts, instilled in him a wonderful taste for music, painting and literature, and dreamed of her son becoming a prominent socialite. The parents of Oblomov and Stolz knew each other, so Andrei was often sent to visit the Oblomovs, where that landowner calm and warmth always reigned, which were acceptable and understandable to his mother. His father raised Stolz to be the same practical and businesslike person as himself. He, undoubtedly, was the most important authority for Andrei, as evidenced by the moments when the young man could leave home for several days, but at the same time complete all the tasks assigned by his father.

It would seem that sensual maternal and rational paternal upbringing should have contributed to the formation of Stolz as a comprehensively developed, harmonious and happy personality. However, this did not happen due to the early death of his mother. Andrei, despite his strong-willed character, loved his mother very much, so her death became a real tragedy for the hero, complemented by an episode of forgiveness with his father, when he, sending him to St. Petersburg to live an independent life, could not even find words of encouragement for his own son . Perhaps this is why the attitude towards Oblomov’s and Stolz’s own family was different - Andrei Ivanovich rarely remembered his parents, unconsciously seeing the ideal of family life in “Oblomov’s”, spiritual relationships.

How did upbringing influence the characters’ future lives?

Despite their different upbringings, the attitude towards Oblomov and Stolz’s parents is more similar than different: both heroes respect and love their parents, strive to be like them and appreciate what they gave them. However, if for Andrei Ivanovich, upbringing became a springboard for achieving career heights, establishing himself in society and helped develop will and practicality, the ability to achieve any goals, then the “greenhouse” upbringing made Oblomov, who was already dreamy by nature, even more introverted and apathetic. Ilya Ilyich’s first failure in the service leads to his complete disappointment in his career, and he quickly replaces the need to work with continuous lying on the couch and pseudo-experience of real life in dreams and unrealistic illusions about the possible future of Oblomovka. It is noteworthy that both heroes see the ideal of a future wife in a woman similar to their mother: for Ilya Ilyich, Agafya becomes the thrifty, meek, quiet, agreeing with her husband in everything, while Stolz, having first seen in Olga an image similar to his mother, later years of his life he understands that this is not entirely true, because he needs to constantly develop in order to remain an authority for his demanding, selfish wife.

The theme of family in “Oblomov” is one of the most important, so it is through understanding the characteristics of the upbringing and development of the characters that the reader begins to understand their life goals and motives. Perhaps if Ilya Ilyich grew up in a family of progressive bourgeois or Stolz’s mother had not died so early, their fates would have turned out differently, but the author, accurately depicting the social realities of that time, leads the reader to eternal questions and themes.

By depicting two different types of personality in the novel, two opposite paths, Goncharov provided readers with a vast field for reflection on issues of family and education that are still relevant in our time.

The attitude of Stolz and Oblomov to family and parents - an essay based on the novel by Goncharov |

Literature lesson in 10th grade (textbook by Yu. V. Lebedev “Russian literature of the 19th century. 10th grade”)

Teacher of Russian language and literature, Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 3 Lavrenko E.K.

Lesson topic

Analysis of an episode from the novel “Oblomov”

"Stolz's departure from his parents' home"

Lesson objectives:

1. Educational: Using the example of episode II of the chapter of Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov,” teach students to analyze the text, see in it the personality of the author, the idea of ​​the work. Formation of linguistic, literary, language competencies.

2. Educational: repetition of a number of literary concepts (terms)

3. Moral: realization of students as individuals, awareness of themselves as creators, co-authors of a work. (or technology of cooperation pedagogy)

4. Educational:through analysis of the text of the chapter, understand and realize such concepts as “Russian soil”, “upbringing”, “personality formation” (through technologies of dialogic interaction;through creating positive motivation for learning. Moral formation of personality through the language of a work of art. Development of students' cognitive abilities.

5.Educational: developing skills in mastering the culture of dialogue.

Methods:

1. Partially – search (analysis of artistic detail)

2. Activation of students’ mental activity through a system of questions (research)

Equipment: 1. text of the novel (II part 1 chapter); "Oblomov"

2. fragment from the film “A few days in the life of I. I. Oblomov” (director N. Mikhalkov)

3. Audio recording of folk songs;

4. Clock (large wall)

5.quotes from I. A. Goncharov

Lesson progress:

I Greetings

II Organizational moment

III Introductory speech by the teacher (phonogram of crying from folk songs)

When I began to think about the work for the open lesson, about its theme, I almost did not hesitate for a minute that this would be the most Russian book, in my opinion, a book that explains Russia in many ways to me - past, present and future - the novel I A. Goncharova "Oblomov"

Why?

It seems to me because it is about me, about you, about the generations of people who came before us and who will come after, about the connection between us, about the passage of time, finally.

And everyone has their own time. And at every age it goes differently. (I wind up the clock) These 40 minutes are now just a lesson for you and me, but for some, sleeping on the couch (Oblomov). For the adult Andrei Stolts, perhaps this is the measured sound of the wheels of the same children's cart on which he rode on errands for his father. Only this was a long time ago, in childhood...

We all come from childhood: a string of days replace each other, years pass, we grow up, and with every minute we move further and further away from that carefree time, we enter adulthood. But time only goes forward and never back.

Have you ever thought about how difficult it can be, and sometimes excruciatingly difficult, for parents to “tear” their child away from themselves, seeing him off into this unclear and difficult future?

And how difficult it must be to leave a child’s home, his father’s home? After all, he there, in adult and everyday life, it will remind you of itself either with the creaking of floorboards, or with the random sounds of a piano, or with the smell of flowers from the garden, or with something so elusively - poignant, so close, but at the same time distant...

One page - one episode, behind which one sees something more and something very personal than just the text of the novel.

Let's try to understand this “something more.”

IV Conversation

• I part of the novel ends with the scene of the long-awaited arrival of A. Stolz, Oblomov’s only true friend; the person with whom Ilya Ilyich has been since childhood

What is chapter 1 of part 2 about?

(Andrey’s childhood and his departure from his parents’ home)

Goncharov unexpectedly interrupts his narrative about the main character and turns to Andrei’s childhood and youth. What is this technique called? (you can use the links in the dictionary of literary terms for our lesson, which is on your desk)

(method of retrospection)

For what purpose? Is it really that important?

1. Show Oblomov more clearly;

2. It is possible to realize an attempt to portray a “man of the future”

3.Search for a certain norm, a harmonious person.

- Name the artistic technique that Goncharov uses for this?

(antithesis)

- Let's turn to the text. Name the characters in this chapter?

(father, mother, Andrey (little boy and youth), servants)

- What type of speech predominates in this chapter?

(narration)

- Why? Guess?

(we have the opportunity to talk about Stolz, that is, “retell” him)

Oblomov is given more often in dialogues or internal monologues

What is the conclusion? What is the difference in the presentation of these images? What is its purpose?

(Oblomov cannot be “retelled”; he is “alive” despite laziness and apathy; Stolz, with all his energy and dynamism, is static ) (paradoxical!)

- Let's read paragraph I. Why does Goncharov make Stolz a German (albeit half?)

Let us note that we often talk about Stolz as a German, forgetting that he was alsohalf Russian.

And here’s how the writer himself explains it to us ( quote on the board: “They reproach me for why I made Stolz, a German, an activist. I walked precisely from my task, very clear contrasting stagnation with non-stagnation. Stagnation is a sign of Russian life")

Let’s read the paragraph: “It also happened that the father would sit in the afternoon hour...” to “The mother would cry...” Why?

We only see the whole family together once. Next about the relationship between father-son and mother-son the author always speaks separately.

Why?

(He seems to consistently emphasize the “differences” in the upbringing received by Andrei, the differences in the child’s inner world.As if clockwise (only forward!) –the father is walking, and, as Goncharov writes (p. 5): “He just wouldn’t know how to draw a different path for his son.

And maybe father's counterclockwise– by touch, intuitively, with the heart – the mother is coming. ( showing the clock)

How does this manifest itself? (see text)

1. Occupation, teaching:about: geography, biology, Herder, Wieland

M: sacred history, Krylov's fables

2. Activities: about: sorted out the accounts of peasants, goes to the factory, to the fields, at the age of 14-15, trips to the city on his father’s orders

M: playing the piano, reading literature

3. Ideals and dreams in relation to my son:o: working life (salary for tutoring);

M: “and in her son she saw the ideal of a master”

4. Appearance : o: “Gloves and oilskin raincoat.”

M: “she rushed to cut Andryusha’s hair”

What technique helps us better see this “difference”?

(antithesis)

Internal contradictions in the image of Stolz.

What is its purpose?

(an attempt to find some kind of “norm”: Before us is not a “good bursh”, but also not a “master” - which was not easy for Goncharov anyway, but a certain special personality: he has both “strength of soul” and “strength of body.” This is an ebullient nature.

What did you see young Andrei Stolz?

(those who can stand up for themselves, courageous, persistent, independent; those who rely only on themselves)

This is good?

What conclusion can we draw?

(living conditions, the difference in upbringing received in childhood, taught him to rely on his own strengths; formed a character alien to limitations)

What is “Russian soil” in your understanding? Isn't this the oneRussian half?

This is how the conflict of the episode brews. Let's figure out what it is?

So, the elder Stolz sends his son to St. Petersburg (watch the film)!

What do you think about this?

Let's turn to the text

How do you evaluate your father's advice?

Andrey's answer?

“Isn’t it possible for everyone...”

Analyze the dialogue. What are the characters' lines like in terms of syntax?

(The sentences are incomplete, with the use of interjections. The characters’ responses are short and precise; abrupt - as if neither the father nor Andrei gives free rein to their feelings)

Were you expecting something different?

(hardly - both father and sonclearly stingy with emotions)

This is confirmed by Goncharov: look at the verbs of motion.

But when the servants call out, Andrei returns. Why? Why in his eyes when saying goodbye to his father there were no tears, and now they appear?

(soft music)

(This is the same Russian soil on which Andrei grew up - this is hospitality; this is common grief and common joys, this is the harmony of peasant life - what Andrei saw from childhood, what he absorbed through the care of his mother; what will remain with him now forever - because we all come from childhood

Read out the courtyards' remarks. This is real folk speech, these are cries, lamentations: “father, little light, my handsome little orphan, you don’t have a dear mother.”

(So ​​German rationalism, practicality, energy, restraint collide with the Russian soul, the Russian heart, the feeling of homeland and home, eventually, finally...)

(And the absence of maternal affection, which previously filled the voids of the limited, dry relationship with the father -isn't that where it's redundant?“verbalism” in Goncharov?)

But the door of the already empty house in Verkhlev loudly slams, and we must gallop to St. Petersburg, “for there is nothing to waste” - the clock is wound, and Andrei Stoltz’s life time has begun, in which there will no longer be a single second to turn the horse, and hug the people close to you and cry...(the clock is ticking) - Pause.

Do you think the director and actors managed to convey the author’s intentions?

What does this episode give us to understand the image of the hero? What conclusion did you come to?

(The image of Stolz is given both as an antithesis to “Oblomovism” and as the embodiment of the dream of the awakening of Russia)

Stolz is given in dynamics, in movement - it is in this state, and not in a state of rest and sleep, that a person is able to overcome all obstacles to achieve the highest goal.

But does Stolz have it?

(No)

Even though he “there is no discord between the mind and the heart”, but his image is clearly a utopian picture for the era of 50 - 60 years. 19th century.

(to Goncharov’s quote on the board)

1. “I described Stolz palely, since this type is just in its infancy...”

The writer’s hopes of creating an image of a harmonious person in his contemporary era were not justified:

1. “... between reality and ideal lies an abyss through which a bridge has not yet been found, and it is unlikely to be built when...”

(from the writer's diary)

(the clock is ticking)

Time always goes forward and never backwards...

And I really hope that Andrei Stolts’ “personal” has now become our “personal” - after all, we all come from childhood...

(phonogram of people's crying)

Bibliography

1. I.A. Goncharov “Oblomov”, “Fiction” 1990
2. I.A. Bityugova “I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” in the artistic perception of Dostoevsky” 1976.
3. D.S. Merezhkovsky. I.A. Goncharov. “Critical Study” 1890, vol. VIII
4. A.V. Druzhinin “Oblomov.” Novel by I.A. Goncharov in the book. “Teacher’s Library”, “Fiction” 1990
5. Magazine "Literature at School" No. 2 1998

V.G. Belinsky said that it is upbringing that decides the fate of each person. This can be fully attributed to Oblomov Ilya Ilyich and Stolts Andrey Ivanovich - the two main characters of the novel “Oblomov” by I. A. Goncharov. These people seem to come from the same environment, class, time. Therefore, they should have the same aspirations and worldviews. Why then, when reading the work, do we notice mainly differences in Stolz and Oblomov, and not similarities? In order to answer this question, we should turn to the sources that shaped the characters of the two characters that interest us. You will see that the upbringing of Stolz and Oblomov had its own characteristics, which influenced their entire future lives.

Oblomov's dream

The first chapter of the work is dedicated to Ilyusha’s childhood. Goncharov himself called it “the overture of the entire novel.” From this chapter we learn in general terms about what Oblomov’s upbringing was like. It is no coincidence that quotes from it are often cited as proof that Ilya’s life simply could not have turned out differently. In the first chapter of the work, you can find a clue to the character of the title character, an inactive, lazy, apathetic person who is accustomed to subsisting on the labor of his serfs.

As soon as Ilya Ilyich dozed off, he began to dream the same dream: his mother’s gentle hands, her gentle voice, the hugs of friends and loved ones... Each time Oblomov in a dream returned to his childhood, when he was loved by everyone and absolutely happy. It was as if he was escaping into childhood memories from real life. Under what conditions was his personality formed, how was Oblomov’s upbringing?

The atmosphere that reigned in Oblomovka

Ilyusha spent his childhood in Oblomovka, in his family village. His parents were nobles, and life in the village followed special laws. The village was dominated by a cult of doing nothing, sleeping, eating, and also undisturbed peace. True, sometimes the quiet flow of life was still disturbed by quarrels, losses, illnesses and labor, which was considered a punishment for the inhabitants of the village, from which they sought to get rid of as soon as possible. We’ll also tell you about the kind of upbringing Oblomov received. You probably already have some idea about him based on what has been said above.

How were Ilyusha’s aspirations thwarted?

It was expressed mainly in prohibitions. Ilya, an active, dexterous child, was forbidden to do any housework (there are servants for this). In addition, his aspirations for independence were each time thwarted by the cries of the nanny and parents, who did not allow the boy to take a step without supervision, since they were afraid that he would catch a cold or hurt himself. Interest in the world, activity - all this in Ilyusha’s childhood was condemned by adults who did not allow him to frolic, jump, or run in the street. But this is necessary for any child to develop and learn about life. Oblomov’s improper upbringing led to the fact that Ilyusha’s forces, seeking manifestation, turned inward and, withering, disappeared. Instead of activity, he was instilled with a love of sound afternoon sleep. In the novel, he is described as “the true likeness of death”, replacing Oblomov’s upbringing. Quotes from the text, no less vivid, can be found dedicated to good food, the cult of which has become practically the only activity in the village.

The influence of the nurse's tales

In addition, the ideal of inaction was constantly reinforced by the nanny’s tales about “Emelya the Fool,” who received various gifts from the magic pike, without doing anything. Ilyich will subsequently feel sad, lying on his sofa, and ask himself: “Why is life not a fairy tale?”

Everyone calls Ilya Ilyich a dreamer. But Oblomov’s upbringing with his nanny’s endless fairy tales about firebirds, sorcerers, heroes, Militrisa Kirbityevna could not help but sow in his soul hope for the best, the belief that problems will somehow be resolved by themselves? In addition, these tales gave rise to a fear of life in the hero. Oblomov’s lazy childhood and upbringing led to Ilya Ilyich trying in vain to hide from reality in his apartment located on Gorokhovaya Street, and then on the Vyborg Side.

Ilyusha’s parents’ attitude to education

Parents tried not to burden Ilyusha with education, believing that studying was not worth missing holidays and losing health. Therefore, they took every opportunity to prevent their child from attending classes. Ilyusha himself soon realized that he liked such a sluggish and measured existence. Oblomov's childhood and upbringing did their job. Habit, as they say, is second nature. And the adult Ilya Ilyich was completely satisfied with the situation in which the servants do everything for him, and he has nothing to worry about or care about. Thus, the hero’s childhood imperceptibly flowed into adulthood.

The adult life of Ilya Ilyich

Little has changed about her. Oblomov’s entire existence in his own eyes was still divided into 2 halves. The first is work and boredom (these concepts were synonymous with him), and the second is peaceful fun and peace. Zakhar changed his nanny, and Vyborgskaya Street in the city of St. Petersburg - Oblomovka. Ilya Ilyich was so afraid of any activity, he was so frightened by any changes in his life that even the dream of love was not able to bring this hero out of apathy.

That is why he was satisfied with his life together with the good housewife Pshenitsyna, since it became nothing more than a continuation of life in the village of Oblomovka.

Parents of Andrei Stolts

The complete opposite of Ilya Ilyich is Andrei Ivanovich. Stolz was raised in a poor family. Andrei's mother was a Russian noblewoman, and his father was a Russified German. Each of them contributed to the upbringing of Stolz.

Father's influence

Stolz Ivan Bogdanovich, Andrei's father, taught his son the German language and practical sciences. Andrei started working early - helping Ivan Bogdanovich, who was demanding and strict with him, like a burgher. Stolz's upbringing in the novel "Oblomov" contributed to the fact that he developed pragmatism and a serious outlook on life at a young age. For him, daily work became a necessity, which Andrei considered an integral part of his life.

Mother's influence

Andrei's mother also made her contribution to Stolz's upbringing in the novel "Oblomov". She looked at the methods her husband used with concern. This woman wanted to make Andrei a sweet and clean boy-master, one of those she saw when she worked in rich Russian families as a governess. Her soul languished when Andryusha returned after a fight, all tattered or dirty, from the field or factory, where he went with his father. And she began cutting his nails, sewing elegant shirtfronts and collars, curling his curls, and ordering clothes from the city. Stolz's mother taught him to listen to the sounds of Hertz. She sang to him about flowers, whispered about the vocation of either a writer or a warrior, dreamed of a high role that falls to the lot of other people. Andrei’s mother in many ways wanted her son to be like Oblomov, and therefore she often gladly sent him to Sosnovka.

So, you see that, on the one hand, Andrei’s upbringing was rooted in his father’s practicality and efficiency, and on the other hand, his mother’s dreaminess. On top of everything else, nearby was Oblomovka, where there is an “eternal holiday”, where work is sold off one’s shoulders like a yoke. All this influenced Stolz.

Parting with home

Of course, Andrei’s father loved him in his own way, but he did not consider it necessary to show his feelings. The scene of Stolz's farewell to his father is piercing to the point of tears. Even at that moment, Ivan Bogdanovich could not find kind words for his son. Andrei, swallowing tears of resentment, sets off. It seems that at this moment Stolz, despite the efforts of his mother, leaves no room in his soul for “empty dreams.” He takes with him into his independent life only what, in his opinion, was necessary: ​​determination, practicality, prudence. Everything else remained in distant childhood, along with the image of the mother.

Life in St. Petersburg

After graduating from university, he goes to St. Petersburg, where he gets down to business (sending goods abroad), travels around the world, leads an active life and manages to do everything. Despite the fact that he was the same age as Oblomov, this hero managed to achieve much more in life. He made money and a house. Energy and activity contributed to the successful career of this hero. He achieved heights that he could not even dream of. Stolz managed to properly manage his life and the abilities inherent in him by nature.

There was everything in moderation in his life: both joy and sadness. Andrey prefers a direct path that suits his simple outlook on life. He was not bothered by dreams or imagination - he simply did not allow them into his life. This hero did not like to speculate; he always maintained a sense of self-esteem in his behavior, as well as a sober, calm view of people and things. Andrei Ivanovich considered passions a destructive force. His life was like a "slow and steady fire."

Stolz and Oblomov - two different destinies

The upbringing of Stolz and Oblomov, as you can see, was significantly different, although both of them came from a noble environment and belonged to the same stratum of society. Andrei and Ilya are people with different worldviews and characters, which is why their fates were so different. The upbringings of Oblomov and Stolz were very different. The comparison allows us to notice that it was this fact that greatly influenced the adult lives of these heroes. The active Andrei tried until the last day to “carry the vessel of life” and not spill a single drop in vain. And the apathetic and soft Ilya was too lazy to even just get up from the sofa and leave his room so that the servants could clean it. Olga Oblomova once asked Ilya in anguish about what ruined him. To this he replied: “Oblomovism.” N.A. Dobrolyubov, a famous critic, also believed that “Oblomovism” was the fault of all Ilya Ilyich’s troubles. This is the environment in which the main character was forced to grow up.

The role of education in the formation of a person’s personality

In the novel "Oblomov" it was not by chance that the author emphasized it. As you can see, the lifestyle, worldview, and character of each person are formed in childhood. The environment in which personality development occurs, teachers, parents - all this greatly influences the formation of character. If a child is not taught to work and be independent from childhood, and if one does not show him by example that he should do something useful every day and should not waste time, then one should not be surprised that he will grow up to be a weak-willed and lazy person, similar to Ilya Ilyich from Goncharov's work.

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Goncharov's novel Oblomov is primarily remembered for its hero Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, who leads an apathetic, inactive way of life. In contrast to the lazy Oblomov, his friend is depicted - Andrei Ivanovich Stolz - a man of humble origin, who, thanks to his hard work, is awarded a personal title of nobility.

Family and origin of Andrei Stolts

Unlike most of the main characters of the novel, Andrei Ivanovich Stolts was not a hereditary nobleman, like his father, Ivan Bogdanovich Stolts. Andrei Ivanovich received the title of nobleman much later, thanks to his hard work and diligence in the service, rising to the position of court councilor.

Andrei Ivanovich’s father had German roots; about twenty years ago he left his homeland and went in search of a better destiny, which took him from his native Saxony to the village of Verkhlevo. Here, not far from Oblomovka, Stolz was a manager and was also involved in teaching. Thanks to his hard work, he managed to significantly accumulate capital and get married successfully. His wife was a young girl from an impoverished noble family. Ivan Bogdanovich was a fairly happy person in his family life.

Dear readers! On our website you can familiarize yourself with the image of Olga Ilyinskaya in I. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”

Soon they had a son, who was named Andrei. The boy turned out to be capable of science, he easily mastered basic knowledge and actively took part in work at the factory and in the field, where he actively adopted his father’s knowledge in the field of agronomy.

The Stolts always lived modestly - the father saved money for his son and did not spend it on unnecessary things. According to the Oblomovites, the Stoltsy lived extremely poorly - their food was not high in fat, their diet consisted of simple dishes.

Soon, Andrei’s father sent him to study at the university; his mother was very upset about the separation from her son. She was unable to meet him after graduating from university - the woman died. According to tradition, the father sends his son on a free voyage. For him, as a German, this was an everyday thing, which cannot be said about the local population, but since his mother was no longer alive at that time, there was no one to contradict Ivan Bogdanovich.

Education and upbringing of Andrei Stolts

From the first days, the upbringing of Andrei Ivanovich Stolts differed from the educational system traditionally accepted in society. Among the nobles, it was customary to pamper their children and take care of them in every possible way, but the father’s German roots do not give him the right to adhere to such a model of upbringing. From childhood, Ivan Bogdanovich tried to raise his son in such a way as to make his future life easier. He often went with his father to the factory and to the arable land, and took an active part in all the preparatory work, which greatly upset his mother, who wanted to raise him in the classical traditions of the nobles.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the biography of Ivan Goncharov - a lifelong trilogy.

The father “accepted” his little son to work as a craftsman and paid him 10 rubles a month for his work. This was not a formality - Andrei Ivanovich really worked off this money and even signed in a special book about its receipt, like all Stolz’s employees.

This labor education soon brought positive results - at the age of 14, Andrei Stolts was an absolutely independent boy and could travel to the city alone on behalf of his father. Andrei Ivanovich always carried out his father’s instructions exactly and never forgot anything.

Like all children, Andrei Stolts was an active and inquisitive child, he constantly took part in various pranks. However, such restlessness did not prevent Stolz from receiving a good education. He learned the basics at home, and then studied at a boarding school organized by his father for local children. After graduating from the boarding school, Stolz continues his studies at the university.

Andrei Ivanovich, like the nobles, knew French and was taught to read and write music, after which he actively played the piano four hands with his mother. In addition, Andrei Ivanovich knew German.

Appearance of Andrey Stolts

Goncharov does not provide readers with a description of Andrei Ivanovich’s appearance during his childhood and youth. We meet Stolz during his maturity. Andrei Ivanovich is the same age as Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, but outwardly Stolz looks much younger than his age. The reason for this was his active way of life. At thirty years old, Andrei Ivanovich was a well-built man with an athletic build. There was nothing superfluous in his physique; in his build he resembled an English horse, since he was similar in muscles and bones.

His eyes were green, there was something childish in them, they were expressive.

His skin was dark. This is where the meager description of Andrei Ivanovich Stolts ends.

Personality characteristics

What is most striking about Stolz is his hard work and passion for learning. While still a child, he actively explores the world and tries to adopt all his father’s knowledge.

Andrei Ivanovich spends a lot of time traveling - in this way he not only has fun and relaxes, Stolz sees in his trips an opportunity to exchange knowledge and learn business experience from foreign acquaintances. Stolz is constantly studying something, reading various books.

Andrei Ivanovich does not disdain secular society; he can often be seen in society.

Andrei Ivanovich is an honest and sincere person, but he is completely devoid of romanticism. Stolz doesn’t even know how to dream; he is a down-to-earth, practical person. He retained his childlike vivacity and activity -

Andrey Ivanovich is constantly busy with something. Stolz knows how to value his time and spend it usefully. Andrei Ivanovich knows how to rationally distribute his time, thanks to this he manages to do a lot of things and be on time everywhere. Despite such external rigidity and pragmatism, Andrei Ivanovich is not devoid of the ability to empathize and compassion, but he is not used to demonstrating his feelings in front of people. Andrei Ivanovich is a very restrained person, he knows how to control his feelings and is never a hostage to them.

Stolz's life is not as carefree as it might seem at first glance, but he is not used to complaining to anyone or blaming anyone else for his failures - he associates all failures primarily with personal shortcomings. Andrei Ivanovich is a strong personality, he is not used to retreating from difficulties and makes every effort to overcome them.

He never got lost in difficult situations - Stolz is guided by common sense in life - it is difficult to unsettle him.

Stolz loves order in everything - he has his own place for all his writing utensils, papers and books. Andrei Ivanovich always puts his things “in their place” and nothing else.

Andrei Ivanovich undoubtedly has determination and perseverance, he is able to work hard to achieve his goal.

Stolz knows how to evaluate his merits. He doesn't care much about what people say about him. Andrey Ivanovich is an open person. He willingly meets new people and is ready to maintain friendly relations with his acquaintances.

Ilya Oblomov and Andrey Stolts

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrei Stolts have been friends since childhood. They grew up in neighboring villages, so they knew each other since childhood. After Andrei Ivanovich’s father opened a boarding school, the communication between Andrei Ivanovich and Ilya Ilyich moved to a new level - during their studies together they became close friends, despite the difference in character and origin. Andrei Ivanovich often carried out Oblomov’s tasks out of pity for his friend - the lazy Ilya often neglected to complete tasks, could not bring himself to learn anything - most of the tasks were carried out by Stolz. He did this not for selfish purposes - he was guided solely by friendly feelings and the desire to help his comrade.

From time to time, Andrei Ivanovich comes to his friend’s rented apartment and tries to stir him up. On one of these visits, Stolz decides to radically change the life of his friend - he forcibly draws him into the cycle of social life. Complaints about Oblomov’s fatigue touch Stolz, but he still purposefully goes towards his goal. Andrei Ivanovich does the unthinkable - he successfully agitates Oblomov to go abroad with him and even helps him organize training camps, but the planned trip does not take place - Oblomov, in love, decides to stay with the object of his adoration, and not join his friend. Offended by Oblomov’s apathy, Stolz does not communicate with him for some time, but minds his own business. At the next meeting, Stolz, without a shadow of resentment, comes to visit his friend and discovers that he was again covered by a wave of Oblomovism, but, this time, he is no longer so actively trying to pull Oblomov out of his swamp of laziness.

Despite such significant differences in character, temperament and way of life, Stolz and Oblomov maintain their friendship. There are two explanations for this paradox. The first is that their friendship began in their childhood, and the second is that they both primarily see positive character traits in a person. Based on this, Stolz notices not Oblomov’s laziness and apathy, but Ilya Ilyich’s good disposition.

From time to time, Andrei Ivanovich takes care of his friend’s affairs - since he cannot overcome his laziness and organize affairs on his estate on his own, but only hires people to act as managers who do not neglect to take advantage of Oblomov’s gullibility and lack of education in matters of housekeeping in their favor.

Despite all the efforts of Stolz, he never managed to pull his friend out of the swamp of Oblomovism. Ilya Ilyich began cohabiting with the owner of the rented home and soon they had a son, who was named after Stoltz - Andrey. After the death of Ilya Ilyich, Stolz takes his son into custody and takes care of Oblomovka’s affairs until little Andrei comes of age.

Andrey Stolts and Olga Ilyinskaya

Olga Ilyinskaya and Andrei Stolts were old acquaintances. The significant age difference did not initially allow them to build any relationship other than friendly ones. Andrei Ivanovich perceived Olga, despite the fact that the girl was 20 years old, as a child (at that time Stolz was 30). The girl herself has sympathy for Stolz, but does not dare to take the first step.

Andrei Ivanovich unintentionally becomes the cause of the biggest tragedy in the girl’s life - one evening he introduces Olga to his friend Ilya Oblomov. Stolz’s ignorance of Olga as a woman became the reason for the romance between Oblomov and Ilyinskaya. Despite the sincerity of the lovers’ feelings and the seriousness of their intentions, things did not go beyond a secret engagement - Oblomov and Ilyinskaya parted.

Olga Sergeevna goes abroad, where she meets Stolz, who is unaware of her unsuccessful romance. Andrei Ivanovich often visits the Ilyinskys - he brings Olga flowers and books, and then quickly leaves to work. Unbeknownst to himself, Stolz falls in love and for the first time in his life becomes a hostage to feelings. Stolz decides that his life will be unthinkable without this sweet girl and proposes to Olga. Ilyinskaya finds herself in a difficult situation - her relationship with Oblomov has completely discouraged her from tying the knot with anyone, the girl does not dare give any answer to Stolz and therefore decides to tell him everything about their relationship with Oblomov. After this conversation, a lot of things in Stolz’s mind fall into place, he now understands the reasons for Oblomov’s reluctance to go abroad, Andrei Ivanovich also clearly understands why the engagement of Ilyinskaya and Oblomov did not end with a wedding - lazy Oblomovism nevertheless finally dragged his friend into its swamp.

Despite Olga’s pessimism, Andrei Ivanovich does not give up his intention and soon he becomes Olga Ilyinskaya’s husband. It is not known how their wedding took place, but it is known for sure that in marriage both Olga and Andrey were able to realize themselves and achieve harmony. It cannot be said that the marriage to Stolz erased the unpleasant memories of the relationship with Oblomov, but over time, Olga became much calmer about this period in her life.

Olga turned out to be a good mother - they have children in their marriage. Harmony in the relationship between Olga and Andrey was achieved primarily by the similarity of their character and attitude to life - both Olga and Andrey are used to being active figures, they are ready for changes and overcoming life's difficulties, so such a marriage does not burden them. Olga becomes a mother not only to her children, but also to the son of Ilya Oblomov - her and her husband’s selflessness, friendly attitude and positive attitude made it possible to create not only a harmonious platform for the development of their own children, but also for little Andryusha, whom they treated as their child .

Thus, Andrei Ivanovich Stolts managed not to succumb to the characteristic laziness of most nobles and achieve significant results in several types of activities - he established himself as a good owner of his estates, and as a good friend, and as a wonderful husband and father. His active life position allowed him to become a harmonious person and bring happiness to the lives of other people.