Secondary members of the sentence - these are members of the sentence that are not included in the grammatical basis of the sentence. The term " minor members of the sentence"has no evaluative meaning, it simply indicates (emphasizes) that such members of the sentence are not included in the grammatical basis and are grouped around the main members (subject and predicate) and grammatically depend on them (or on minor members higher rank). As for the semantic (informative) significance minor members in a sentence, then they play an important role, reflecting the various relationships that exist in reality, and often even carry the main semantic and communicative load: The school is located next to the house.

Traditionally minor members are divided into additions, definitions and circumstances.

Addition

Addition - this is a minor member of the sentence that answers questions of indirect cases and denotes the object (subject) to which the action is directed or associated or (less often) in relation to which a qualitative attribute is manifested. Sometimes addition denotes the subject of an action or state. For example: The old man was catching fish with a seine (A. Pushkin); He was not at all inclined to humility and meekness (K. Chukovsky); I can’t sleep, there’s no fire... (A. Pushkin).

Add-ons, expressing the object of action, are used with verbs, as well as with nouns formed from them: deliver goods- cargo delivery; work on the article- working on the article.

Add-ons, naming an object in relation to which a qualitative attribute is manifested, are used with adjectives and nouns formed from them: faithful to duty- loyalty to duty; stingy in his movements- stinginess in movements.

Add-ons are divided into straight And indirect.

Direct addition - This addition, which depends on a transitive verb and is expressed by a noun or pronoun (as well as any part of speech used in the meaning of a noun) in the accusative case without a preposition: see picture, sing a song, fix the iron , write a letter , solve a problem , to see him , meet a friend .

Direct addition can also be expressed by a noun in the genitive case without a preposition. The genitive case is used instead of the accusative in two cases: 1) if there is a negative particle Not before a transitive verb: felt joy- did not feel joy; heard voices- did not hear voices; 2) if the action does not transfer to the entire object, but only to a part: bought bread- of bread; drank water- water: ...The gun commander did not leave the firing position, he asked to bring him shells from the broken guns (V. Astafiev); Don’t sing, beauty, in front of me you sing the songs of sad Georgia... (A. Pushkin).

Direct addition denotes an object to which an action is directly directed, which can arise, be created or disappear, or be destroyed during the action: knit a sweater, write an essay, decorate a room, check a dictation, break a tree, demolish a house and so on.

Other additions are indirect, they express different relations of action or attribute to objects: I won't regret it about roses, withered with a light spring (A. Pushkin); Aksinya remembered her youth and all her life, poor in joys (M. Sholokhov).

Add-ons can be expressed:

1) a noun in any indirect case with or without a preposition: The village was doused with a golden ray (A. Maikov);

2) pronoun: I could never argue with them (M. Lermontov);

3) cardinal number: Divide thirty-six by two;

4) any part of speech in the meaning of a noun: I ran to my grandmother and asked her about the forgotten (M. Gorky);

5) infinitive: Everyone asked her to sing something (M. Lermontov);

6) syntactically integral phrases and phraseological units (the same as the subject): The hunters killed seventeen snipe (L. Tolstoy).

Definition

Definition - a minor member of a sentence that denotes a feature of an object and answers questions Which? whose?

Definitions always depend on words with a subject meaning (that is, on nouns or its equivalents).

Definitions are divided into agreed upon And inconsistent.

Agreed definition - This definition, which is associated with the agreement defined by the word.

Agreed definition can be expressed:

1) adjective: An old disabled man, sitting on a table, was sewing a blue patch onto the elbow of his green uniform (A. Pushkin);

2) ordinal numbers: The second lesson in literature was in fifth grade (A. Chekhov);

3) pronoun: He was carrying some kind of bundle under his arm (M. Lermontov);

4) participle: The sun's rays did not penetrate here through the lowered curtains (A. Chekhov);

5) cardinal numbers in indirect cases: We talked about five new books.

Inconsistent definition - This definition, which is associated with a word-defined control or adjacency.

Inconsistent definition can be expressed:

1) a noun in indirect cases with or without a preposition: A woodcutter’s ax was heard in the forest (N. Nekrasov);

2) possessive pronouns (unchangeable): I agreed to his proposal and, before even reaching Lgov, I had already managed to learn its story (I. Turgenev);

3) a simple form of the comparative degree of the adjective: He was connected by friendship with a girl older than him... (K. Fedin);

4) adverb: After a horseback ride, tea, jam, crackers and butter seemed very tasty (A. Chekhov);

5) infinitive: ...He had the lucky talent to lightly touch on everything in a conversation without compulsion, to remain silent in an important dispute with the learned air of an expert and to arouse the smile of ladies with the fire of unexpected epigrams (A. Pushkin);

6) whole phrases: The Red Army soldiers of the guard company (M. Sholokhov) scurried around the square; ...A young officer of short stature came in to see me... (A. Pushkin).

Application

Application - this is a special type of definition expressed by a noun, which either agrees with the word being defined in the case, or stands with the word being defined in the nominative case (regardless of what case the word being defined is in): general practitioner, with a general practitioner, to a general practitioner; newspaper "Trud", from the newspaper "Trud", in the newspaper "Trud".

The nominative case form is used almost exclusively in cases where application is a proper name (usually not personal): Lake Baikal, on Lake Baikal etc.

In some cases application in the nominative case it is attached to the defined noun using words indicating the nature of the proper name (by nickname, last name, nickname): a dog named Druzhok, a person named..., named..., nicknamed.

Originality applications is that with their help relations of identity are expressed. This is manifested in the fact that the word being defined and application give different designations for one object, since the attribute of the application object is expressed by an additional (repeated) name of the same object.

Unlike applications an inconsistent definition expressed by a noun always expresses a feature of an object by indicating its relationship with another object. Wed: cat Vaska (Vaska- application) And cat Vaska (Vaska- inconsistent definition); sister-teacher And teacher's sister.

Signs expressed application, very diverse. Applications can denote qualities, properties of an object (clever girl, giant plant), characterize the purpose of an object (trap car), specify an object by indicating its own name (Moskva river), indicate the age, rank, occupation of a person (i.e. indicate what type of item this item belongs to: schoolgirl, Ossetian cab driver) and so on.

Applications can be non-separate and separate; can be expressed by one noun and a combination of words.

For example: You know Gavrila, the suburban carpenter, right? (I. Turgenev); A French girl, brought from abroad, came in to offer her to get dressed (I. Turgenev); The miller Pankrat (K. Paustovsky) took the horse for himself; The owner of the house, named Lyusya, timidly looked towards the soldiers... (V. Astafiev); The snake street winds (V. Mayakovsky).

Unlike combinations with other types of definitions, in combination with application subordinating relations are often erased, obscured: it is not always clear which noun is the main word, which application; both nouns combined with application often perceived as relatively equal, e.g. student friends.

This feature gives rise to a tendency to merge the defined word and the application into a single member of the sentence, and sometimes even into a single word (often the full name of an object involves the simultaneous use of a common noun and a proper name, for example: Prince Andrey, Taimyr Peninsula and under.

Are not applications: 1) combinations of synonyms or antonyms: way-road, buying and selling; 2) combinations of words by association: bread and salt; 3) complex words: raincoat, sofa bed.

Circumstance

Circumstance - this is a minor member of a sentence, denoting a sign of an action or other sign.

By value circumstances are divided into the following categories:

1. Circumstances way of action. They answer questions How? how? and denote a qualitative characteristic of an action or a method of its implementation (“mode of action”). Circumstances modes of action depend on the verb (they worked well, amicably, without tension, together, by hand): Tarantas jumped unevenly on round logs: I got out and walked (I. Turgenev); The skies are blue and shining (A. Pushkin).

2.Circumstances degrees. They answer questions How? in what degree? how much? and indicate the degree of manifestation of the characteristic (doubled in size, a little older, absolutely uninteresting): I did not stop talking: my jokes were smart to the point of stupidity, my ridicule... were angry to the point of fury... (M. Lermontov); The old woman really fell in love with reasonable and good advice... (A. Pushkin).

Circumstances degrees can depend on adjectives, adverbs, verbs, i.e. from words of those parts of speech that denote a sign:

late

very, too, a little late

I'm late

3.Circumstances places. They answer questions Where? Where? where? and indicate the place of action or direction of movement (above, above- up, up; ahead- forward): At Lukomorye there is a green oak (A. Pushkin); The tongue will take you to Kyiv (proverb).

4. Circumstances time. They answer questions When? since when? How long? how long? and indicate the time and duration of the described phenomena and events (yesterday, once upon a time, a long time ago, about a week, all winter, not for long And T. d.): Returning home, I sat on horseback and galloped off into the steppe... (M. Lermontov); Ah, the young grass keeps this song to this day- steppe malachite (M. Svetlov); Oh! Tell love the end of the one who goes away for three years (A. Griboyedov).

5. Circumstances causes. They answer questions Why? for what reason? and indicate the cause of the event (for some reason, because of the heat, because of the rain, thanks to support, due to circumstances etc.): Idleness causes mental and physical flabbiness (D. Pisarev);
...The maid did not tell anyone about anything, fearing the anger of the masters (A. Pushkin).

6. Circumstances goals. They answer questions For what? for what purpose? and indicate the purpose of the action (went for help; raised his collar, blocking the wind; for the sake of pleasure, came to say goodbye): I, your old matchmaker and godfather, did not come to make peace with you for the sake of a quarrel... (I. Krylov); Wasn’t it you who at first so viciously persecuted his free, bold gift and fanned the slightly hidden fire for fun? (M. Lermontov).

7. Circumstances conditions. They answer the question under what condition? and indicate conditions that can cause a certain consequence: Without knowing the history of culture, it is impossible to be a cultured person... (M. Gorky); Only if there is an attack on Tsaritsyn can we talk about establishing a unified command (M. Sholokhov).

Due to his bookishness circumstances conditions are rarely used.

8.Circumstances concessions. They answer questions no matter what? in spite of what? and denote phenomena that interfere with or do not correspond to the actions or states reported in the grammatical basis of the sentence.

Offers with circumstances concessions seem to be the opposite of proposals with circumstances reasons conveying natural correspondence between phenomena. In sentences with circumstances concessions talk about phenomena that are observed contrary to circumstances: Contrary to the prediction of my companion, the weather cleared up and promised us a quiet morning... (M. Lermontov); ...Sleptsov, despite his illness, did not stop his intense creative work (K. Chukovsky).Circumstances can be expressed:

1) adverb: Blue eyes look evenly, calmly... (V. Korolenko); |

Applications are usually considered as a type of definition.

Secondary members are directly or indirectly related to the grammatical basis, that is, from the grammatical basis you can ask a question to a minor member, from this minor member to another, etc.

The frightened face of a young girl peeked out from behind the trees.(Turgenev).

Grammar basis - face peeked out. From the subject you can ask questions to two words: face(which?) scared; face(whose?) girls. From definition girls you can ask a question about one word girls(Which?) young. Predicate looked out associated with a noun with a preposition: looked out(where?) from behind the trees.

Thus, one sentence includes all words that are somehow related to the grammatical basis. This is especially important when placing punctuation marks in a complex sentence. Commas (less often other symbols) separate parts of a complex sentence from each other. Therefore, to check punctuation marks, you need to clearly understand where these boundaries are.

In the evening, while we were silently waiting for Asya, I was finally convinced of the need for separation.(Turgenev).

To correctly place punctuation marks in this sentence, you need to:
a) highlight grammatical basics;
b) establish which words are associated with these stems.

There are two grammatical bases in this sentence:

1 - I'm convinced; 2 - we expected.

This means the proposal is complex.

The words associated with the first grammatical stem are: convinced(How?) finally; convinced(in what?) in need; convinced(When?) In the evening; in need(what?) separation. Therefore, the first sentence will look like: In the evening I was finally convinced of the need for separation.

The words associated with the second grammatical basis are: expected(whom?) Asya; expected(How?) silently. Bye is a temporary conjunction in a subordinate clause. Therefore, the second sentence will look like: while we silently waited for Asya, and it is located inside the main clause.

So, punctuation marks in a complex sentence should be arranged as follows:
In the evening, while we were silently waiting for Asya, I was finally convinced of the need for separation.

But for the correct placement of punctuation marks, it is necessary not only to identify all the minor members of the sentence, but also to determine their specific type (definition, addition, circumstance), since each of the minor members has its own rules of isolation. Consequently, incorrect parsing of minor terms can lead to errors in punctuation.

Each of the minor members has its own system of questions.

• Definition answers which questions? whose?

  Red dress; happy boy.

• Addition answers questions about indirect cases.

  I saw a friend.

• Circumstances answer questions with adverbs: Where? When? How? Why? and etc.

  They waited in silence.

Note!

Several different questions can sometimes be asked of the same minor member. This happens especially often if the secondary member is expressed by a noun or a noun pronoun. You can always ask them a morphological question of the indirect case. But not always a noun or pronoun will be an addition. The syntax issue may be different.

For example, in combination girl's face You can ask a morphological question to a noun in the genitive case: face(whom?) girls. But noun girls in a sentence will be a definition, not an addition, because the syntactic question will be different: face(whose?) girls.

September 16, 2017

Any sentence in the Russian language can be divided into component parts, which in science are called “members of the sentence.” Among them, major and minor ones are distinguished. Without the main ones, most of the sentences cannot exist; they form its basis, and the secondary ones make the text more informative and rich. What are the main and minor members? offers?

Main

The subject and predicate in a sentence are its main members.

• Subject means the thing that does the action. Questions that will help detect it during parsing are “who?” (if the action is performed by an animate object) or “what?” (if the sentence talks about a phenomenon or an inanimate object).
• The predicate is most often expressed by a verb and means the action that the subject performs. Questions to determine - “what does it do, what will it do?”

Here's an example: A good mood helped the boys overcome difficulties. The question “what” in our example is answered by the word “mood”; it is the subject and during analysis is emphasized by one feature. To find the predicate, we ask the question: “What did the mood do?” It helped. This word is the predicate, expressed by a verb, emphasized by two features. As a result, the sentence with the found main members looks like this: A good (what?) mood (underlined by a solid line) (what did?) helped (underlined by two solid horizontal stripes) the boys to overcome difficulties.

How to find out the subject and predicate during parsing

To avoid making mistakes when figuring out what is the subject and what is the predicate, you should use a hint table.

First of all, you should find the actor by asking the question: “Who? What?”, this will be the subject. Next they look for the predicate.

Video on the topic

Minor

To parse a proposal into members, you should be able to find circumstances, definitions and additions. They are the secondary members, the purpose of which is to specify and clarify the main ones (or other minor ones). How to find them?

• Definition. Questions that will help to detect it in a sentence - “which”, “whose”.
• Addition. Most often he is asked questions of indirect cases: “to whom (what)”, “with whom (with what)”, “about whom (about what)” and others. That is, questions of all cases, in addition to the nominative.
• Circumstance. It can be found by asking questions of adverbs or gerunds: “from”, “where”, “why”, “how”, “where” and the like.

Let's give an example. Let's find the main and minor terms. offers:

The little boy walked hurriedly along the path.

If you want to break down the proposal by members, it will look like this:

(what, definition) The little (who, subject) boy (how, circumstance) hurriedly (what he did, predicate) walked (by what, object) along the path.

Each major and minor member. The sentence answers its own question, carries a certain load and plays its own role in the sentence.

How to recognize

To avoid mistakes when identifying additions, definitions and circumstances, you can use this summary table-help.

Minor members

Parameter	Definition	Addition	Circumstance
Meaning	Characterizes the attribute of an object	Means subject	It matters the place, time, method of action
Questions	Which? Which one, which one, which ones?	Indirect cases: to whom (what), by whom (what) and others	Where, to where, from where, why, when, how - all questions of adverbs
What is expressed	Adjective Participle Cardinal number The case coincides with the case of the main word	Noun (both with and without preposition) Pronoun The case can be anything except nominative	Noun
As emphasized	Wavy line	Dotted line	Dot-dash
Example	(Which one?) A beautiful vase stood in (whose?) mother’s room.	The kid was carrying (what?) a basket (with what?) with mushrooms.	(where?) It was damp in the forest (when) in the fall.

To identify which member of the sentence is in front of us, we must first ask a question.

Additional tips

To find the main members of a sentence, you must follow the rules. The subject and predicate are not a phrase, they are already a sentence, albeit a very short one. The main members are independent of each other.

Syntactic analysis should begin with identifying the subject, then it becomes clear what the predicate is and how it is expressed. Then you should identify the subject group using questions, and only after that - the predicate group. Each minor member is dependent:

• from one of the main ones;
• from one of the minor ones.

One sentence can have several main and minor parts. offers. If there are several bases, then the sentence is complex - compound or complex. If there are several definitions, additions, circumstances, but the basis is the same, then the sentence is simple common.

You can often come across calls, for example: Katya, go do your homework. Despite the fact that the address “Katya” resembles the subject, it is not a member of the sentence and is designated as an address.

Complex cases

Not all main and minor parts of a sentence look obvious. Complex but interesting cases are varied:

• A one-part sentence has only one main member. It was getting dark(this is a predicate, the sentence is impersonal). Today we were informed(predicate, indefinite personal sentence), that the exam has been cancelled.
• The predicate may include an adjective: The weather was rainy. In this example, the combination “it was rainy” is a compound nominal predicate.
• The predicate can include several verbs: Today Vasya started studying.“I started studying” is a compound verb predicate.

Main and secondary members. sentences must be highlighted correctly when parsing a sentence.

How often do we have to answer the question of what are the minor members of a sentence? Quite rare in everyday life. But those who study and deal with the grammar and syntax of the Russian language should know the answer to this question. It is for them that we have prepared this material. We will discuss both sentence structure and its components. But today the main attention will be paid to such members of the sentence as addition, definition and circumstance.

Offer

Before discussing what the secondary members of a sentence are, you need to understand its very structure. Let's briefly remember what a proposal is and what type they are. So, a sentence is a set of words united by a common thing and located in relation to each other in grammatically sound forms. According to the type of statement it can be:

• narrative (Masha goes to the store);
• interrogative (Where did he go?);
• negative (We didn't buy any groceries).

By structure:

• simple (Dad works in a big company);
• complex (complex and complex).

Words in sentences don't stand the way anyone wants them to. They all have their place and form. Moreover, they are conjugated by persons, declined by cases, and have different tense forms. But we are now interested in which members of the sentence fill it with meaning.

Main grammatical basis

Bringing the reader to the topic of what secondary members of a sentence are, you first need to understand what kind of members of a sentence there are in general. If there are minor ones, then there are also major ones. They are such members as:

• subject;
• predicate.

The subject is the word that is the main performer of the action taking place in the sentence and answers the question “who?” What?". For example:

Serezha studies at a specialized school.(The main character in the sentence is Seryozha, this is the subject).

When parsing a sentence, the subject is always underlined with one solid line.

A predicate is a word that directly expresses the action performed by the subject and answers the question “what does it do?” What did you do? what will he do? at different times and for different persons. For example:

We are preparing to take exams in the summer.(If there is a subject “we”, the action in the sentence is expressed by the word “we are preparing”, this is the predicate).

When parsing, the predicate is underlined with two solid lines.

Other members of the sentence

Now it’s time to talk about what the minor members of a sentence are. After all, in addition to the main members, there are other words in the sentence. These can be either simple or homogeneous secondary members of the sentence:

• addition;
• definition;
• circumstance.

In the case of the simple version, these words appear in a single copy, fulfilling their function in the sentence. If one of the members is in company with the same word, then this shows their homogeneity. For example, compare:

1. Dad loves to cook. Dad and mom love to cook (homogeneous subjects).
2. Katya swims well. Kate swims and runs good (homogeneous predicates).

Below, examining each of the minor members, we will focus on their homogeneity, showing examples of their use.

Addition

When analyzing the secondary members of a sentence, the addition is always considered first, and not in vain. This word plays a very important role. It clarifies the attribute or is directly the object of the action in this sentence. If we talk about the questions that this participant in the statement answers, then these are:

• "whom? What?";
• "to whom? what?";
• "by whom? how? what?";
• “about whom? about what?".

In this case, the use can be either with or without a preposition. A complement can be expressed using different parts of speech: noun, adverb, numeral. Depending on what role it plays and under which part of the sentence it appears. Thus, an object can be paired with a verb. In this case, a distinction is made between direct and indirect addition. Directly answers the question “who?” What?" and has no excuses in front of him. And all other options are considered indirect additions.

• Grandfather brought a pike. The addition “pike” answers the question “what?” and is direct in relation to the verb.
• I think of you. The addition is indirect, since the question is “about whom?”

When parsing, the addition is always underlined with a dashed line. If there are two objects in a sentence, then both of them are underlined, and these can be both homogeneous and heterogeneous words. For example:

• I asked her to sing.
• Maria poured sugar and salt.
• She looked for man and woman.

Thus, we can say that this is the simplest of all the minor members of the sentence.

Definition

The situation is different with the definition. This word is also not difficult to use and is quite easily defined in a sentence. Definition is a word that shows and describes the characteristics of objects. It answers the questions “which one?” which? whose? whose?" and all their derivatives. By type, this member of the sentence can be of two options:

• consistent;
• inconsistent.

This involves matching the definition with the word it describes. If there is complete harmony in the form of case, number and gender, then this is the first option. For example:

• The weather is beautiful outside today.
• He recently bought a beautiful car.

When parsing, the definition is underlined with a wavy line. If we are dealing with an inconsistent type, then there may be different options:

• We saw my uncle's house (belonging).
• The light of the moon added romance to the situation (description of the characteristic).
• Paris today is a completely different city (adverb).
• I bought a book more interesting and newer(comparative degree of adjective, homogeneous words).
• The desire to be liked is a natural desire for a woman (infinitive).
• His face, with red cheeks, stood before my eyes (phrase).

Thus, we see how multifaceted the use of the definition is and how differently the secondary members of the sentence can look.

Circumstances

This word plays the role of the condition under which the action occurs. Depending on the question, there are different circumstances:

• time;
• places;
• causes;
• goals;
• mode of action;
• measures, etc.

The main thing is to ask the right question regarding the word. When parsing a sentence, the circumstance is emphasized with a dash-dotted line. The difference in circumstances can best be seen in the following examples:

• On the left stood a piano (where? - circumstance of place).
• We arrived the day before (when? - time).
• He jumped for joy (why? - reason).
• She came to the store to buy a dress (why? - purpose).
• They drove slowly and quietly (how? - mode of action, similar words).
• We came here twice (how many? - measure).

In the end, we note that regardless of what kind of sentence you are dealing with, simple or complex, to determine its member you need to ask the right question, and you will not have any difficulties with parsing.

Members of a sentence that are in a subordinate relationship with the main members or with each other and serve to clarify, clarify, and supplement the meanings of the dominant words.

Ranks of minor members:

1) definition, a type of which is an application,

2) addition

3) circumstances

This classification, which is generally suitable for syntactic analysis of sentence members, in some cases may turn out to be overly schematic, since it does not take into account the possibility of transitional phenomena in the area of ​​minor members and combining the meanings of different syntactic categories ( cm. adverbial addition, adverbial definition, attributive addition).

The question of minor members of a sentence has been and is being resolved differently in Russian grammatical science. Some researchers denied the legitimacy of including the theory of minor members in the field of grammar, noting the predominance in this theory of logical-semantic concepts over grammatical ones and pointing out that in order to clarify the relationships between the members of a sentence, one can limit oneself to establishing the nature of the syntactic connection between words in a sentence (coordination, control, adjacency) . Other scientists included the theory of minor members in grammar, but their classification was based on different bases: minor members were distinguished either by meaning or by the type of syntactic connection with other words. This is how two directions were formed in the study of minor members of a sentence: logical (classification by meaning) and formal-grammatical (classification by type of syntactic connection).

The beginning of the logical direction was laid by A. Kh. Vostokov, who in his “Russian Grammar” (1831) identified “definitive” and “additional” words in a sentence (members of the sentence, which in modern grammar are considered as circumstances, were included in the category definitions). Vostokov’s point of view received support from N. I. Grech and I. I. Davydov.

A detailed doctrine of the minor members of a sentence, which in its main features has been used to a greater or lesser extent in the practice of teaching the Russian language for over a hundred years, is found in the “Historical Grammar of the Russian Language” by F. I. Buslaev. He considers secondary members in two ways: 1) by syntactic use and 2) by meaning. In the first classification, definitions (consistent words), additions (controllable words) and circumstances (inconsistent and uncontrollable words, in modern terminology - adjacent) are distinguished. In the second classification, the definition may turn out to be a controlled word (modern inconsistent definition), a circumstance - a controlled word (prepositional-case combination), etc., which led to an internal contradiction in the logical-grammatical system of minor members created by Buslaev.

A. A. Potebnya, who gave a detailed criticism of Buslaev’s theory, built his system of minor members of a sentence on their full correspondence with parts of speech: the complement is expressed by a noun in the indirect case, the definition is expressed by an adjective (also pronominal adjective, ordinal number, participle), circumstance - adverb. These statements laid the foundation for the formal grammatical direction in the doctrine of minor members, which was further developed in the works of D. N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky, A. M. Peshkovsky, A. A. Shakhmatov and others. In Pstebny’s teaching, the concept of morphologized members of a sentence.

D. N. Ovsyaniko-Kulikovsky introduced an important proposition for the theory of minor terms about the possibility of transitional phenomena among them.

F. F. Fortunatov, the largest representative of the formal trend in linguistics, considered the method of expressing the syntactic dependence of words (coordination, control, adjacency) as a criterion for identifying secondary members.

In the practice of modern teaching, the use of a logical classification of minor members, built taking into account both the grammatical and lexical meanings of subordinate and subordinate words and the syntactic connections between them, prevails.

Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .

See what “minor members of a sentence” are in other dictionaries:

SECONDARY oh, oh; enen, enna. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Word forms that extend the grammatical basis of a sentence by joining its main members. Secondary members of the sentence designate minor participants in the event (addition), their characteristics (definition and application) and place, time, ... ... Literary encyclopedia

Secondary members of the sentence- see Members of the sentence... Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary

minor members of the sentence- Distributors of predicative stems. V.ch. - a concept associated not with the content of the sentence, but with its grammatical side. V.ch. may be communicatively more significant than the main ones: All this will take place tomorrow. Syntactic essence of V.ch.... ...

minor members of the sentence- Distributors of predicative stems. V.ch. - a concept associated not with the content of the sentence, but with its grammatical side. V.ch. may be communicatively more significant than the main ones: All this will take place tomorrow. Syntactic essence of V.ch ...

Modern encyclopedia

Members of the sentence- SENTENCE MEMBERS, sentence components connected by syntactic relationships, significant words and phrases, considered from the point of view of their role in the sentence. Functional words, addresses, introductory words are not members of the sentence... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Significant words and groups of words connected by syntactic relationships, considered from the point of view of their role in the sentence. Functional words, addresses, introductory words and some others are not members of the sentence. The main members of the sentence... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

secondary members morphologized- Secondary members of a sentence, represented by such parts of speech, such word forms, the grammatical meaning of which is adequate to the categorical meaning of the sentence member... Syntax: Dictionary

Books

• Russian language. 8th grade. Progress monitoring. Textbook, Drabkina S.V., Subbotin D.I.. This manual is practical work on the Russian language for the 8th grade. Nine test papers, each with two options, are proposed on the following topics:...