The definition of health and well-being is a healthy lifestyle. What does the concept of mode include? than those that.
Page 1 of 3
Chapter 8. A healthy lifestyle as one of the conditions for success professional activities and prosperous life
8.2. Healthy lifestyle and its components
8.3. Factors that destroy health and their prevention
8.1. Human and social health
“In general, 9/10 of our happiness is based on health. With it, everything becomes a source of pleasure, while without it, absolutely no external goods can give pleasure, even subjective goods: the qualities of the mind, soul, and temperament weaken and freeze in a painful state. It is not at all unreasonable that we first of all ask each other about health and wish it to each other: it is truly the main condition for human happiness,” said the famous German philosopher XIX century Arthur Schopenhauer. Indeed, health among life values person occupies the most important place.
Exists a whole series definitions of health, but they all usually contain the following five criteria:
• absence of diseases;
• normal functioning of the body in the “person – environment” system;
• complete physical, spiritual, mental and social well-being;
• the ability to adapt to constantly changing conditions of existence in the environment;
• ability to fully implement basic social functions.
There is a concept of individual and public health.
Individual health is health individual. This concept today has a fairly broad meaning, it implies not only the absence of diseases, but also such forms of human behavior that allow him to improve his life, make it more prosperous, achieve high degree self-realization. Thus, the charter of the World Health Organization (WHO) states that health is “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”
You can achieve well-being only through work aimed at expanding and realizing your spiritual, physical qualities and social capabilities.
Well-being concerns all aspects of a person's life, not just their physical condition. Spiritual well-being is associated with the mind, intellect, and emotions. Social well-being reflects social connections, financial situation, interpersonal contacts. Physical well-being reflects a person’s biological capabilities and the state of his body. Human well-being includes two components: spiritual and physical.
At the same time great value has a spiritual component. About 2 thousand years ago, the ancient Roman orator Marcus Tullius Cicero said this about this in his treatise “On Duties”: “First of all, nature has bestowed on each species of living beings the desire to defend itself, to protect its life, that is, its body, to avoid everything that what seems harmful and to obtain for themselves everything necessary for life: food, shelter, and so on. The desire common to all living beings to unite in order to produce offspring, and care for this offspring. But the greatest difference between man and beast is that the beast moves as much as its senses move it, and adapts only to the conditions around it, thinking little about the past and the future. On the contrary, a person endowed with reason, thanks to which he perceives the sequence between events, sees their causes, and previous events and, as it were, forerunners do not elude him, he compares similar phenomena and closely connects the future with the present, easily sees the entire course of his life and prepares himself everything he needs to live. Man has, first of all, the inclination to study and investigate the truth.”
Spiritual and physical health are two integral parts of human health, which must always be in harmonious unity, ensuring a high level of health.
Spiritual health reflects the health of our mind, and physical health reflects the health of our body.
Spiritual health is the ability to know the world around us and oneself, analyze current events and phenomena, predict the development of situations that affect life, form a model (program) of behavior aimed at solving emerging problems, protecting one’s interests, life and health in the real environment. The higher the intelligence, the more reliable the forecast of events, the more accurate the model of behavior, the more stable the psyche, the higher the level of spiritual health.
Physical health is the body’s ability to implement a developed program of action and reserves in case of unforeseen extreme and emergency situations.
This is how it is said about the unity of spiritual and physical health in the book “Building Powerful Nerve Force” by American nutritionist Paul Bragg: “The story tells of two knights who killed each other because of the color of the royal shield, which was hung in the center of a huge castle hall. One knight said that the shield was red, the other said it was green. After the tragic battle, someone looked at both sides of the shield: one side was red, the other was green. There are also two sides to the health shield - physical and spiritual - and they are both important. Both of these sides - physical and spiritual - are so closely intertwined that it is impossible to separate them. Physical health affects the spiritual life, and spiritual control provides the necessary discipline for maintaining physical health.”
Spiritual health is determined by the system of thinking, knowledge of the surrounding world and orientation in it; the way we relate to the environment or to any particular person, thing, area of knowledge, principle. This health is achieved by the ability to live in harmony with oneself, with family, friends and society, to predict and model events, and to draw up a program of one’s actions on this basis.
Physical health is ensured by high motor activity, rational nutrition, hardening and cleansing of the body, an optimal combination of mental and physical labor, the ability to rest, avoiding the use of alcohol, tobacco and drugs. This is how A. Schopenhauer said about it: “Consequently, first of all we must try to preserve good health. The means to achieve this are simple: avoid all excesses, unnecessary violent and unpleasant unrest, as well as overly intense and prolonged mental work, then - increased movement on fresh air during, by at least, two hours, frequent bathing cold water and similar hygienic measures.”
Public health is a public, socio-political and economic category that characterizes the vitality of the entire society. This health consists of the health of individual members of society. Public health and the individual health of each person are inextricably interconnected and depend on one another.
Physical activity does not necessarily mean the practice of sports or strenuous work, but also more simply moderate activity if it is repeated regularly. So just follow a few rules to be comfortable with yourself and at the same time gain the security that allows us to relate to others because we know how much the physical aspect affects the psychological.
We guys, disoriented by the physical and psychophysical changes in our body, try to control the emotional and affective changes with bad food channels such as anorexia or bulimia. The healthiest and most balanced principles of nutrition are those that your body gets from fresh foods, so a balanced diet is enough to provide your body with all the vitamins and minerals it needs. Semi-precious sources for these micronutrients include: fresh fruits and vegetables, dried fruits, whole foods, fish and water.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY HEALTH
The existence of any type of living organism is impossible without the reproduction of their own kind. Man is no exception in this regard. The history of mankind represents a continuous change of generations. However, unlike other living beings, a person endowed with reason can control the reproduction system, ensuring not only the birth, but also the necessary upbringing of offspring, taking into account the social needs of society. Its reproductive function involves not only the birth of a child, but also its upbringing and preparation to perform certain duties that ensure social development society. This system of population reproduction, ensuring the birth of healthy children, education and training of a new generation, is the main content reproductive health.
The state of reproductive health of an individual and society is determined by the following criteria:
• sustainable motivation of people to create prosperous family and the attractiveness for them of the personal model of an exemplary family man;
• responsibility of parents and the state for health; physical, mental, spiritual and moral development children; for children to receive the necessary education;
• ensuring the reproduction of the population within the limits that guarantee the demographic security of the state.
These criteria quite fully characterize the ability of society and the state to create and implement the necessary conditions for the birth of healthy children and the preparation of a new generation capable of ensuring social security and the development of civilization.
Historical experience indicates that the best social structure, which most fully meets the interests of the individual and society and ensures a continuous change of generations, is the family.
Family means small social group, based on marriage or consanguinity, the members of which are connected by a common life, mutual assistance, moral and legal responsibility.
IN modern society a family is a moral and legal union of a man and a woman and consists of spouses and children. Forms of education married couples and the nature of the relationship between spouses are subject to certain social and cultural norms, which are produced by society in the course of historical development. Norms are largely influenced by the social structure and the characteristics of a particular historical stage development of society.
IN Russian Federation On March 1, 1996, the Family Code of the Russian Federation came into force. Its content is based on the principles of strengthening the family, building family relationships on mutual love and respect, on responsibility to the family of all its members, on the inadmissibility of arbitrary interference by anyone in the affairs of the family, on the unhindered exercise by family members of their rights.
The family performs functions that largely determine the preservation and strengthening of health of both the individual and the entire society. Only in the family does a person receive sustainable opportunities to meet everyday needs and develop his personality. The family most successfully performs the reproductive function: giving birth and raising children. It is here that parents introduce their children to moral values and norms of behavior in the outside world, in society, interaction with other people, here they impart work skills to them. The family decides on the leisure function that ensures harmonious development human, and sexual function, ensuring the satisfaction of the sexual needs of the spouses.
A high level of reproductive health presupposes that a person has a stable motivation to create a prosperous family and the attractiveness of the personal model of a good family man, as well as the ability to choose a worthy life partner with whom he can create happy family.
Unfortunately, an analysis of statistical data and the results of youth surveys in Russia indicates that lately family and family relationships dramatically lose their attractiveness. In our country, the number of children who live and are raised in single-parent families or were born to women who are not in a registered marriage is growing. The importance and value of happy things decreases family life. Among young people, the proportion of those who do not consider it necessary to create a future family is noticeably increasing. legal registration their marital relationship. From this we can conclude that the level of an important component of human and social health – reproductive health – has recently decreased significantly, and this process continues.
The family, as the most important social unit of society and the state, performing the reproductive function, must ensure the upbringing and development of the child’s physical, spiritual and moral qualities a person and citizen integrated into his contemporary society and aimed at improving this society. The quality of this function can be assessed with a certain degree of reliability using statistical data. According to the Russian Ministry of Health and the Russian State Epidemiological Surveillance Committee, only 14% of children school age are practically healthy, 50% have functional abnormalities, 35–40% are chronically ill. Among schoolchildren during the period of study, the number of children and adolescents with visual impairments increases 5 times, with diseases of the digestive and genitourinary tract by 3 times, with postural disorders by 5 times, and with neuropsychiatric disorders by 4 times. Many students experience disharmonious physical development(body weight deficiency, decreased indicators muscle strength, lung capacity, etc.), which creates problems with the general performance of the younger generation. On the other hand, according to the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, at a fast pace Juvenile crime is on the rise. In general, among all identified perpetrators of crimes, the proportion of adolescents aged 14–17 years is 11.8%. Statistics also indicate a rapid increase in alcoholism and substance abuse among teenagers.
Many states consider demographic potential as the main guarantee of survival in the conditions of global and regional competition and the struggle for existence. The best minds in Russia also linked the future with the growth of its population. Thus, D.I. Mendeleev, based on demographic indicators of the beginning of the 20th century, determined the probable population of Russia in 2000 at 594.3 million people. However, the revolution of 1917, the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945, the collapse of the USSR and some other processes made significant adjustments to this forecast.
As of 2001, the population of Russia was 144.8 million people and continues to decline. The main reason for this is natural decline population, which consists in exceeding the number of deaths and dead people over the number of births. The main factor determining this process is the low life expectancy of the Russian population. It is 59.8 years for men, 72.2 years for women and, according to long-term forecasts, will remain close to this level for quite some time.
Health, therefore, as a right to everything that goes beyond the concept of "absence of disease" to embrace a broader idea of the full range of services associated with in all areas everyday life each of us. In this view, the question regarding the health of ecosystems is of great importance, and it seems to be able to provide various explanations about the antecedents and determinants of health. This may seem trivial, but a sick ecosystem corresponds to a sick person.
Wanting to be more precise, we could describe an ecosystem; to be healthy, this system must be characterized by at least three components: “a natural functional unit that combines biotic and abiotic communities interacting.”: strength, elasticity and organization, in other words, a healthy ecosystem is a stable component of the biosphere, which is capable of maintaining its structure and functions over time, despite external stresses. Applying this definition of ecosystems, it is easy to recognize that in many poor conditions, disease "ecosystems are poised to develop into health problems for" humans.
FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
Among the factors influencing human health are leading place occupy physical, spiritual and social.
From physical factors the most important are heredity and condition environment. Research shows the significant influence of heredity on almost all aspects of our physical and mental health (their influence on health can be up to 20%). The state of the environment has a direct impact on health. Even the healthiest living habits cannot completely compensate for the effects of polluted air or water. The degree of influence of the environment on human health can also be up to 20%. Polluted air may contain harmful substances that enter the human body through the respiratory system. Poor quality water may contain pathogenic microorganisms and toxic compounds, which, when entering the gastrointestinal tract, cause various diseases and poisoning.
In addition, under the influence of a polluted environment, gene changes (mutations) can occur in living organisms. Changing genes under the influence of the environment - mutagenesis constantly occurs in every organism, but under conditions of increasing environmental pollution it goes beyond the control of natural mechanisms. Substances and factors causing change genes are called mutagens. Ionizing and ultraviolet radiation, various natural and artificial chemical compounds. When they enter the human body, mutagens can cause the development of malignant tumors, the appearance of deformities, etc. All mutagens are usually divided into chemical, physical and radiation. Once in the body, the mutagen is influenced by many substances: food components, hormones, metabolic products, enzymes. Some of them enhance its effect, while others reduce and even stop.
Recently, substances (antimutagens) that can stop the harmful effects of mutagens have been actively studied. Some of them make mutagens inactive, others change the effect of mutagens so that they become harmless, and others strengthen the system for counteracting mutagens. The most active antimutagens are vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), tocopherol (vitamin E), ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Vitamin A is found in animal products ( butter, egg yolk, liver). There is no vitamin A in plant foods. However, many of them (carrots, spinach, lettuce, parsley, apricot, etc.) contain carotene, which is provitamin A. In the body, carotene is converted into vitamin A, ensures normal growth, the formation of visual pigments that regulate dark adaptation of the eye, and normalizes metabolic processes in skin, liver tissue, eyes.
Vitamin E is found in green parts of plants, especially young grass sprouts. Vegetable oils are rich in this vitamin: sunflower, cottonseed, corn, peanut, soybean. Vitamin E acts as a biological antioxidant; it prevents the development of the formation of free radicals toxic to the body and normalizes metabolism in muscle tissue.
There is a lot of vitamin C in foods of plant origin: rose hips, cabbage, lemons, oranges, black currants, and other fruits and berries. Vitamin C is involved in redox processes, blood clotting, carbohydrate metabolism and tissue regeneration.
A healthy lifestyle, balanced nutrition, and comprehensive consumption of foods containing vitamins A, E and C reduce the degree of exposure to mutagens on the body and, therefore, help maintain health in a polluted environment. Vitamins are absorbed most fully if they are consumed in combination. It must be borne in mind that artificially created preparations are not always better than sets of natural multivitamins contained in products. The most accessible products of plant origin containing vitamins A, E and C are presented in Table 8.
In this scheme, many scientists point out that human activities, of which they are also involved, damage the “ecosystem negative influence on psycho-sociological relations, physiological, cultural and economic conditions that bind the person himself to his environment.
Among these activities, the study explains that one that is currently creating a lot of tension in the system is "a mining activity that produces effects over large geographic areas with harmful effects on the health of the same" people. And it is therefore necessary to carefully and extensively plan land use horizons that go from 30 to 60 years. At the same time, some researchers emphasize the importance of environmental and biological monitoring as good practice to be carried out not only in the workplace, but also in a global and locoregional context.
Table 8. Some foods containing vitamins A, E and C
Spiritual factors are also an important component health and well-being. These include the ability to perform good deeds, self-improvement, mercy and selfless help. This requires certain volitional efforts from a person. News healthy image life - difficult task. Knowing what a healthy lifestyle is is one thing, but practically following it is quite another. Choosing a healthy lifestyle requires a person to high level consciousness and culture, but the importance of spiritual factors is very great, the degree of their influence on health is about 50%.
Social factors also influence people's health in a certain way. The level of well-being and health in this case can be high only when a person has the opportunity for self-realization, when he is guaranteed good living conditions, affordable education and quality medical care.
Each person is responsible for their own health and well-being, and this includes certain life position and behavior. The famous scientist N.M. Amosov said this well in his book “Thinking about Health”: “For most diseases, it is not nature, not society, but only the person himself who is to blame. Most often he gets sick from laziness and greed, but sometimes from unreasonableness. To be healthy, you need your own efforts, constant and significant. Nothing can replace them. Man is so perfect that health can be restored from almost any point of decline. Only the necessary efforts increase with old age and the deepening of illnesses.”
Ecosystem health and human health. Department of Environmental Protection and Primary Prevention. National Institute health, Rome. Resume. - The study of ecosystems from a health perspective relates to conceptual composition. Relatively recently, but have already given fruitful ideas in many areas of environmental management. One of the most interesting areas of research is the relationship between human health and ecosystem health.
The detail you want to theoretically formulate the condition for issuing the provision of basic links to. Understanding this innovative methodology. Determining the health of ecosystems. He is trying to determine the connections between this and human health. Model the concept of health, both at the human level and at the ecosystem level. They also presented some.
Questions and tasks
1. How is health defined in the WHO constitution?
2. What components is health conventionally divided into?
3. Describe the physical and spiritual health of a person.
4. Why do you think reproductive health is a critical part of individual and societal health?
5. What criteria determine the level of reproductive health?
6. What factors influence human well-being and health?
7. What are mutagens and how do they affect human health?
8. Give examples that confirm the above words of N.M. Amosov.
The conclusion gives ideas for possible research and some recommendations for a healthy one. Resume. - The study of ecosystem health is a relatively recent discipline that has already provided new insights into numerous aspects of environmental management.
This article provides some basic terms of reference to help you understand this new thing. One state of ecosystem health is indicated, possible reasons degradation and exile. Mental health is determined by socioeconomic, biological, and environmental factors. There are a variety of effective cross-sectoral strategies and interventions to promote mental health.
- More than 450 million people suffer from mental illness.
- Much more have psychological disorders.
- Mental health is an integral part of health.
- We can't talk about healthy person, if he is not mentally healthy.
- Being mentally healthy is more than being lacking mental illness.
In addition, under the influence of a polluted environment, gene changes (mutations) can occur in living organisms. Changing genes under the influence of the environment - mutagenesis constantly occurs in every organism, but under conditions of increasing environmental pollution it goes beyond the control of natural mechanisms. Substances and factors that cause changes in genes are called mutagens. Ionizing and ultraviolet radiation and various natural and artificial chemical compounds have a mutagenic effect. When they enter the human body, mutagens can cause the development of malignant tumors, the appearance of deformities, etc. All mutagens are usually divided into chemical, physical and radiation. Once in the body, the mutagen is influenced by many substances: food components, hormones, metabolic products, enzymes. Some of them enhance its effect, while others reduce and even stop.
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or disability. An important implication of this definition is that mental health is described as more than the absence of mental illness or disability.
Mental health can be defined as a good physical state in which an individual is aware of his abilities, copes with common stressors, can perform productive work and contribute to the society in which he lives. In this positive sense, mental health is the foundation of good physical health and the effective functioning of society.
Recently, substances have been actively studied (antimutagens), which can stop the harmful effects of mutagens. Some of them make mutagens inactive, others change the effect of mutagens so that they become harmless, and others strengthen the system for counteracting mutagens. The most active antimutagens are vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), tocopherol (vitamin E), ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Decisive factors in mental health. A person's mental health depends on many social, physical and biological factors. For example, constant socio-economic tension is a recognized risk to the mental health of the individual and society as a whole. The clearest evidence comes from indicators such as poverty, which are accompanied by low level education.
Poor mental health is also associated with sudden social changes, stressful work environments, gender discrimination, unhealthy lifestyles, risks of violence and physical illness, and human rights violations. There are also specific psychological and personal factors that make people vulnerable to mental illness. Recently, there are some biological causes of mental illness, which include hereditary factors and improper coordination chemicals in the brain.
Vitamin A is found in animal products (butter, egg yolk, liver). There is no vitamin A in plant foods. However, many of them (carrots, spinach, lettuce, parsley, apricot, etc.) contain carotene, which is provitamin A. In the body, carotene is converted into vitamin A, ensures normal growth, the formation of visual pigments that regulate dark adaptation of the eye, and normalizes metabolic processes in skin, liver tissue, eyes.
Maintaining mental health involves actions to create environments and living conditions in which people are empowered to adopt and maintain healthy lifestyles. This includes a variety of activities to help more people maintain good mental health.
There is a need for an environment that respects and protects fundamental civil, political, socio-economic and cultural rights. Without the protection and freedom provided by these rights, it is very difficult to maintain a high level of mental health.
Vitamin E is found in green parts of plants, especially young grass sprouts. Vegetable oils are rich in this vitamin: sunflower, cottonseed, corn, peanut, soybean. Vitamin E acts as a biological antioxidant; it prevents the development of the formation of free radicals toxic to the body and normalizes metabolism in muscle tissue.
Maintaining mental health depends largely on the interaction of different cross-sector strategies. Some of the specific methods include. Child support younger age Child support Socio-economic opportunities for women Social support for adults Programs targeting vulnerable groups such as minorities, native populations, immigrants and affected people various conflicts and disasters. Amulet bracelets - Online store.
ALL ARTICLES ON THE SITE ARE AVAILABLE AS FREE GIFTS! An order can be made through the order form on the page of the item you have selected by selecting “more details”. A return email will be sent to confirm your order. In the free text field you can also ask all your questions - you will be provided with a quick and competent answer.
There is a lot of vitamin C in foods of plant origin: rose hips, cabbage, lemons, oranges, black currants, and other fruits and berries. Vitamin C is involved in redox processes, blood clotting, carbohydrate metabolism and tissue regeneration.
A healthy lifestyle, balanced nutrition, and comprehensive consumption of foods containing vitamins A, E and C reduce the degree of exposure to mutagens on the body and, therefore, help maintain health in a polluted environment. Vitamins are absorbed most fully if they are consumed in combination. It must be borne in mind that artificially created preparations are not always better than sets of natural multivitamins contained in products. The most accessible products of plant origin containing vitamins A, E and C are presented in Table 8.
Payment for delivery is one time, each product in the cart is free! YOU CAN SEND A PICTURE OF YOU YOU WANTED AND YOU WANT A PRICE OR REQUEST YOUR MODELS WITH PRICES! Men's bracelet made of black matte agate, dragon agate "Dragon Veins" and a symbol of strength and victory - a lion's head made of Tibetan silver.
Additional material - Tibetan silver. Agate is a talisman creative personalities. In ancient times they thought that it prolonged the life of its holder, that he gathered people and was successful in his career. Crystal therapists also believe that the presence of this stone makes men attractive to women, helps in childbirth, banishes thirst, prevents harm, protects from danger, develops eloquence, and ensures good fertility in the field. Agate is worn for health, prosperity and longevity. Promotes kindness, tenderness, calmness and confidence.
Table 8
Some foods containing vitamins A, E and C
Spiritual factors are also an important component of health and well-being. These include the ability to perform good deeds, self-improvement, mercy and selfless help. This requires certain volitional efforts from a person. Leading a healthy lifestyle is a difficult task. Knowing what a healthy lifestyle is is one thing, but practically following it is quite another. Choosing a healthy lifestyle requires a high level of consciousness and culture from a person, but the importance of spiritual factors is also very high, the degree of their influence on health is about 50%.
Gives strength to its owner and makes him attractive to others. It is considered safe from danger. In ancient times, they used agates made in the shape of an eye and placed in the eye socket of statues to drive out evil forces. In the Middle Ages, they prepared an infusion of water and agate to drive away snakes and scorpions.
Agate has long attracted the attention of connoisseurs precious stones, sorcerers and alchemists. Pliny Henry writes that infusion of agate is useful for the treatment of spider and scorpion bites, and that preparations made from the middle white part of some agates help cure a number of diseases and make for trouble-free childbirth. According to him, people dressed in agate products are gifted with eloquence and intelligence, live longer and are unlikely to get angry.
People's health is influenced in certain ways by social factors. The level of well-being and health in this case can be high only when a person has the opportunity for self-realization, when he is guaranteed good living conditions, affordable education and quality medical care.
Each person is responsible for his own health and well-being, and this requires a certain life position and behavior. The famous scientist N.M. Amosov said this well in his book “Thinking about Health”: “For most diseases, it is not nature, not society, but only the person himself who is to blame. Most often he gets sick from laziness and greed, but sometimes from unreasonableness. To be healthy, you need your own efforts, constant and significant. Nothing can replace them. Man is so perfect that health can be restored from almost any point of decline. Only the necessary efforts increase with old age and the deepening of illnesses.”
Can negative energy affect your source? “Yes,” say Lithuanian therapists, “Dragon Vein Agate” has the right to protect you from negative energy, which is aimed at you. A person using this form of psychic attack will not be able to succeed. not only to return negative energy to where it came from, but also to force the person who sent it to realize their work, this agate is an outstanding stone of protection.
In the mythology of many peoples of Africa and Asia, this is a symbol of the supreme divine power, signs of power, authority and greatness. The lion is supposed to represent intelligence, generosity, valor, justice, pride, victory, vigilance and courage. The lioness is a symbol of motherhood and the embodiment of lust. In Buddhism, the lion shows courage, nobility and perseverance. It is believed that it will bring its owner a lot of happiness and good luck. In China, it is one of the four animals that embody ideas of power. He is often found in coats of arms different nations.
Questions and tasks
1. How is health defined in the WHO constitution?
2. What components is health conventionally divided into?
3. Describe the physical and spiritual health of a person.
4. Why do you think reproductive health is a critical part of individual and societal health?
5. What criteria determine the level of reproductive health?
6. What factors influence human well-being and health?
7. What are mutagens and how do they affect human health?
8. Give examples that confirm the above words of N.M. Amosov. _
