Social and cultural activities. Its goals and objectives. Social and cultural activities
Social cultural activities- this is a process that is aimed at creating conditions for self-affirmation, development and self-realization of a group and individual in the field of leisure. At the same time, the whole variety of problems associated with the organization of free time is solved: with communication, creation and assimilation, and so on. The manager takes part in the formation of a satisfactory environment and initiatives of the population in the field of leisure, in solving problems of the religious, historical, cultural, environmental sphere, problems of family and children, using unique forms and methods.
Recognition and social status actions depend to a greater extent on the level of development theoretical foundations, revealing goals, subject, functions, patterns. Socio-cultural activity has its own, unique features. First of all, it is carried out in leisure (free) time, characterized by the voluntariness and initiative of various groups, and the activity of individuals. Social and cultural activities are determined by regional, national and ethnic traditions and characteristics. It is distinguished by a variety of types, which is based on artistic, political, educational, everyday, professional and other different ages. Implementation is carried out in non-institutional and institutional forms. Social and cultural activities are free from various kinds of production, training processes, motivation by profit, and business. When choosing a leisure activity related to self-realization, self-development, pleasure, communication, health improvement, etc., the needs and
Socio-cultural activities are characterized by a deep individual orientation. This is due to the fact that it bears traits that are determined by the socio-political and biological structure of the individual. It should be said that the activity in question can be both collective and individual. She is characterized by purposefulness. A consciously set goal sets the process in motion. Thus, preliminary thought after defining the tasks, analysis of the situation in which the action will take place, the choice of means and methods of achievement determine the sequence of activities in the socio-cultural sphere.
When considering the main features, the developmental, humanitarian character stands out in a special way. This is due to the fact that, at its core, the activity has cultural goals.
Analysis of the essence of the organizational process under consideration reflects the interaction of creative, reproductive, as well as mixed (reproductive-creative) elements. Formative activity is considered a necessary condition in the existence and development of a person. Reproduction is inevitable and obligatory in many forms of leisure activities,
In the section on the question what is socio-cultural activity? given by the author Put down the best answer is Area of possible employment:
tourist excursion and cultural and leisure institutions
travel agencies
travel agency
hotels various forms property
government agencies governing the tourism industry
production centers
contemporary art centers
cinema and video centers
dance halls
casino
water parks
elite clubs
gaming centers
concert and entertainment events
commercial and non-profit organizations
information support services
marketing departments of cultural and leisure institutions of various profiles
Answer from European[guru]
In different historical periods SKD was called: - extracurricular education (until 1920) - political and educational work (from 1920 to 1970) - cultural and educational work (from 1270 to 1990) - cultural and leisure work (until the mid-90s) -socio-cultural activities (since the mid-90s) Until the 90s of the twentieth century, cultural and leisure work was politicized and closely connected with the ideology of the CPSU. After the putsch, the activities of the CD institutions were depoliticized, deideologized, that is, they became free from party influence and filled with new content, hence the new name of the CD. SKD is an activity aimed at creating conditions for the most complete development, self-affirmation and self-realization of individuals and groups (studios, clubs, amateur associations) in the field of leisure. It includes all the variety of problems in organizing free time: communication, production and assimilation cultural values etc. Teacher-organizers have to participate in solving problems of families, children, in solving problems in the historical, cultural, environmental, religious and other spheres, in creating a favorable environment for SKD and public initiatives in the field of leisure. KDD (cultural and leisure activities) component SKD, helps in solving many social problems with its own unique means, forms, methods (art, folklore, holidays, rituals, etc.) CPR (cultural and educational work) is also part of CCD, but, unfortunately, is not effectively used in activities cultural institutions(there are no lectures, lecture halls, public universities and other previously proven forms of educational work.
Answer from Victor Neudakhin[expert]
SKD is first and foremost a vocation and if this is exactly what driving force then there is no talk about salary here, by the way it is small. and where in our country has it been seen that organizing leisure time, staging holidays, and other dregs that are mainly associated with working with children and teenagers, which is also not easy and pleasant, paid a lot of money. An exception would be the case if you receive orders not from kindergartens and children’s camps (now health centers) but, for example, from the administration. then everything will be covered in chocolate! There’s no point in thinking about staging any theatrical performances, that’s something completely different!
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This is work aimed at satisfying spiritual needs in the field of leisure. Since more and more diverse forms of recreation appear every year, social and cultural workers are in great demand, and you can quite successfully realize yourself and your ambitions, as they say, “selling your talent profitably.” But it should be taken into account that this work takes place under conditions of high communication load, so sociable, hardworking, creative people with strong nerves and unconventional creative thinking go into this profession. Also, socio-cultural activities require the ability to use a variety of technologies in the field of culture, art, mass entertainment and sports.
Director of theatrical performances -
A representative of one of the most interesting professions associated with the spectacle as an integral part folk culture. Since ancient times, people have demanded “Bread and circuses!” and there were always those who earned their living by performing. Since the 10th century in Rus', the ancestors have been doing this theatrical arts- buffoons. They gathered in small groups (bands, as they said then) and traveled around cities and towns, showing their performances to people and fleeing persecution from the church. In such gangs, as a rule, there was no “leader” - everyone acted for himself (his own director and performer). With the advent professional theaters(in the 18th century) a group of actors was most often led by a leading actor, who served as director and artistic director. At the beginning of the 20th century, a movement called the “Blue Blouse” appeared. The Bluebloods were a kind of living newspaper - they translated into the language theatrical action published information, acted out miniatures, made parodies, used satire, humor and grotesquery. Thus, they clearly “told” the mostly illiterate people about the events taking place in the country and gave them their assessment. And here, of course, it could not be done without the painstaking work of the “mass entertainer”, who was responsible for the content of each performance and rehearsal. In the 30s, cultural enlightenment work began to be taught in courses and institutes, first in Moscow and Leningrad, and then throughout the country. Over time, cultural enlightenment work was transformed into the staging of theatrical performances. Such a department also operates in the Karachaevo-Cherkess State College of Culture and Arts named after. A. A. Daurova. The director of theatrical performances combines two professions - screenwriter and director. A script is a detailed literary development of an upcoming performance, and a screenwriter, accordingly, is a person who works with such dramaturgy. Director - translated from French means “giving proper direction”, i.e. a person who produces plays, films, performances, etc. The director of theatrical performances writes scripts for concerts, rituals, evenings, etc., which he then embodies on stage, using all available means of expression. This work involves organizing events for different types audiences and on various scales (from assembly halls to squares). The “sphere of habitat” of the director of theatrical performances: Houses of culture, clubs, philharmonic societies, schools, leisure and entertainment centers, Houses children's creativity, music schools and art schools.
Head of the theater group.
Each student of the SCS Management department undergoes teaching practice in a school or some other amateur theater group, working on staging a play. Amateurs differ from theater staff in that they are not professionals, people who do not have the appropriate education. The responsibilities of an artist, costume designer, make-up artist, prop maker, and sound engineer are distributed among the participants, while in the theater this is done by qualified specialists.
To give you a clearer idea of what you will be doing during your studies, we will add a few words about the main subjects that you will study. So:
- social and cultural activities (SKD) – this discipline will introduce you to the socio-cultural sphere of our country today, with its main components, working methods, with the entire history and theory of SKD;
- popularly - artistic creativity(NHT)– You will plunge into the world of Russian folk artistic culture, you will find out historical roots the emergence of the main types of art in Russia;
- acting skills – on group and individual lessons You will go through the entire “Stanislavsky school” from exercises, sketches, miniatures to full work on the role;
- directing theatrical performances– You will get acquainted with the theory of directing different genres, the basic techniques for realizing the concept of a script;
- screenwriting skills– You will master the skills of working on creating a script. At first it will be scenario games, stories, fairy tales, scenario plans, and then your own original works of various types;
- verbal action- You will pass full course stage speech, starting with poetry reading and ending with pop entertainment;
- stage technique and scenography– You will be taught to “think” artistic images”, “develop space with symbols”, in other words - competently and expressively design events according to your plan;
- history of the costume– during exciting activities You will get acquainted with the fashion of different times, which will often help you in your work, for example, on a theatrical performance or concert;
- musical arrangement– You will be taught to work with a variety of musical material, do thematic collections songs and compositions, compose musical scores.
The program also includes disciplines, the study of which will give a lot of interesting hours. These are: makeup, games and entertainment, directing variety programs, plastic (dance and stage movement), vocals, theater history, foreign literature, basics of musical knowledge, etc.
It is strongly recommended that every applicant (and then student) conduct observation diary, in which you should daily record what you saw, heard, and “observed” on stage, screen and in life interesting cases, ideas, “tricks” that can then be used as materials for sketches, scripts, etc.
Be prepared for the fact that at the colloquium you will be asked to talk about one event you saw or yourself conducted. You must describe at least one episode from a professional point of view, i.e. talk about the plot, features of the script, actions of the characters, musical arrangement, give an assessment of the event from your side as a director (for example, how would you stage this or that episode of a concert, ceremony, etc.).
See you in the new academic year!
Some tips for applicants to the department of “Management of the Socio-Cultural Sphere”
How to perform prose, fable, poem.
When, after many painful doubts and reflections, you have finally selected the repertoire for the entrance exam, you proceed to an equally difficult and responsible stage - preparing for the actual performance of the selected works. Before we give you whole line valuable instructions for working with the material, let me say a few words directly about artistic reading. So, the reader acts on behalf of the narrator, narrating about his characters and events. He talks about what happened in the past and addresses directly the listeners, the public, who are his partners (in this case, your partners are members of the selection committee). The main means of influence of the reader on the listener is the sounding word, conveyed with a certain intonation.
In the process of preparing the repertoire, it is useful to include work on the voice. K.S. Stanislavsky said that even a naturally good voice should be developed not only for singing, but also for speech, especially on stage. Work on your diction every day using tongue twisters or difficult to pronounce sound combinations, for example:
Rli, rlo, rla, rle, rlu, rly,
Lri, lro, lra, lre, lru, lry,
Whip, whip, whip, whip, whip, whip,
Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah,
Jump, jump, jump, jump, jump, jump,
Bird, bird, bird, bird, bird, bird,
Kpty, kpto, kpta, kpte, kptu, kpty.
Working on prose.
When working on prose, you need to define, think through, feel the work in all its details in order to come to an understanding of the main thing for which it was written, that is, to find out it main idea– idea. Otherwise, the performance of the work is vague and lacks core. It is necessary to analyze the entire text in detail, carefully read the work, understand how events develop in it, how the author’s thoughts develop, and what conclusion he, the author, is leading us to. We must look not only at the development of events, but also at characters, understand their intentions, actions, study their character and, most importantly, feel the personality of the speaker in order to be able to get as close to him as possible. In this period preliminary preparation the so-called “work around the material” begins - the accumulation of knowledge about the writer himself, about the time in which he lived, about the era described in the work. The idea from the very fabric of the work, from phrase to phrase, we better grasp how character traits appear, we feel the main idea in the development of the plot.
What is the plot of the work? The plot is a sequential development of events, and the development of the plot lies conflict- the struggle of various forces. The work is based on an event and has several parts:
- exposition
- plot
- action development
- climax (the moment of highest intensity, the tension of struggle).
Working on a poem.
It is important here not only to understand What the author wanted to express, but also How, in what way he did this, that is, you should pay attention to the features of the form - poetic size. The reader needs to understand, feel the features of the meter, find its rhythm and character. It is mandatory to separate one verse (line) from another with a short pause and caesura. This is the difference between a poem and prose. Also, a caesura is often placed in the middle of a poetic line according to punctuation marks. It is very important, without disturbing the musicality and rhythm of the verse, to convey the content and main idea of the author. Attention is also paid to the analysis of the compositional structure of the poem, as when working on prose.
Working on a fable.
In their fables, fabulists vividly, sincerely and naturally talk about the event as if they themselves had observed it. It is in this context that the manner of performing fables is considered. Performing fables requires a narrative tone. The performer of fables must remain a storyteller who seems to observe the behavior of the characters from the outside. He should not fall into banality, trying to transform himself into images - characters and “play” them in front of the audience. However, the performer is not an indifferent observer, and this is reflected in his intonation. He must take his position in relation to the characters in the fable. A fable requires close attention to the rhythm and rhyme of the fable. The ending of fables is always a “photo analysis” of what is happening, the attitude of the performer to what is happening, a conclusion, a moral. So, when performing a fable you must:
- narrate
- establish communication with the listener,
- draw images,
- emphasize morality.
How to choose a prose passage.
A prose passage intended to be performed at entrance exams should not be too long in length (this makes memorization difficult), but not too short so that you can unleash your creative potential. Of course, in this regard, the most advantageous are fairy tales and stories that can be easily shortened, but if you still choose a work of large prose, it is better to take a separate chapter, which can also be shortened.
Excerpt from compositional construction must be a complete, “independent” work with its own conflict and development of action. Such a passage should not contain many characters or long dialogues (this is distracting and interferes with a holistic perception). It is desirable that events develop “here and now”, without constant reference to something that has already happened, to the past, unknown to the listeners. The passage should be vivid, emotional, with a solvable conflict situation so that the selection committee hears from you a coherent, logical story about a particular case (situation, incident).
Entrance exams.
The specialty exam is comprehensive (includes several stages, which are listed below) and is taken in one day.
Stage 1 – reading program
Evaluated : purity of pronunciation, presentation, timbre of voice, range, emotionality, temperament, facial expressions, gestures.
Don’t worry, but don’t be passive either; try to interest your listeners from the first words and convey the idea of the work. Don't worry if you stumble or forget something - you will be allowed to start over. While performing, always make eye contact with the teachers and do not wave your hands - it is better to practice (but do not memorize!) a few gestures that will help focus attention on the most significant moments. When choosing a repertoire, you should be guided by your own taste, but it is recommended to perform works by recognized masters of words, be it classics or modern literature(from Pushkin to Dovlatov). It is advisable to prepare two works of a diverse nature.
Choose what is closest to your temperament. Listen to the opinions of others: if they see you as a good comedian, do not risk reading Hamlet’s monologue. Simply put, choose what you can handle.
Read loudly, but do not shout, pronounce the words clearly. Don't be afraid to pause, especially if it's necessary to catch your breath. Don’t rush, don’t chatter, don’t “chatter” the text.
If you have serious speech impediments, it is better to consult with specialists in advance. For minor defects, the teacher can offer you a set of exercises to develop breathing, range, and articulation.
What to wear to the exam: preferably comfortable clothes that do not restrict movement, and that do not irritate with the variegation of colors. We do not advise girls to come to very high heels, in short skirts, low-waisted jeans, short tops. Limit costume jewelry. It is advisable for young men to have a clean shave.
Stage 2 – sketches
Evaluated: plasticity, fantasy, reaction, emotionality, ingenuity.
So, what is a sketch? A sketch is a small, complete work based on non-objective actions. Etudes are most often wordless (it is allowed to pronounce a couple of “key” words); they are called studies of organic silence. That is, you must play a small situation, designating all the objects so that everything is clear to the viewer. For example, if in a sketch you are writing a letter, you must open an imaginary notebook, take an imaginary pen, etc. All physical actions first practiced with real objects.
There must be a conflict in the sketch - an event that will change the course of action (for example, you returned home, were going to relax on the couch, saw a burning iron and are trying to put out the fire by all means). The conflict creates a situation from which in the sketch you are looking for a way out. The sketch should not be drawn out! 1-2 minutes is enough time.
The sketch must carry a certain thought, i.e. first answer the question: “Why am I showing this? What do I want to achieve? What will the viewer take away from my sketch?”
Don’t worry while performing, try to relax so that there is no muscle tension. If you know how, don’t be afraid to use elements of simple acrobatics: somersaults, etc. can be intelligently inserted into an etude, and it will be more advantageous.
What to wear to the exam: comfortable clothes (you can take sportswear with you), because you may be asked to portray an animal.
Stage 3 – checking musical, auditory and choreographic data
You will be asked to sing, dance or play a musical instrument. The choice is yours. It is advisable to sing a song with a light melodious melody, since you will have to sing without accompaniment. The same applies to the work for musical instrument– it’s better to play something simple, but without hesitations or mistakes.
Hearing and sense of rhythm are also tested. You need to repeat the melody given by the teacher (or “clap” it with your hands)
Stage 4 – interview
You will be asked various questions, the purpose of which is to identify your cultural level, outlook, erudition, imaginative thinking. We advise you to read in advance about the work of such directors as K.S. Stanislavsky, V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, V.E. Meyerhold, E.B. Vakhtangov, etc., get acquainted with outstanding works of literature, painting, music, cinema.
E.B.Zahava“The skill of an actor”, “The skill of a director”.
M.A. Chekhov"On the Actor's Technique"
K.S.Stanislavsky“My life in art”, “The art of performance: Classical studies of acting training” (2010), “An actor’s work on himself in creative process experiences"; “The actor’s work on himself in the creative process of embodiment”, “The actor’s work on the role.”
V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko“The Birth of the Theater: Memoirs, articles, notes, letters” (2009)
S.V. Gippius “Acting training. Gymnastics of feelings."
M. Kipnis “Acting training”
V. Dupre “How to become an actor”
I.B. Shubina “Dramaturgy and directing a spectacle: Play that accompanies life”
I.B. Shubina “Organization of leisure and show programs”
Prose
L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace”
A.K. Tolstoy “Peter I”
K. Paustovsky “Basket with fir cones”
I. Turgenev “The Noble Nest”
B. Vasiliev “And the dawns here are quiet”
A. Kuprin “Olesya”
M. Bulgakov “The Master and Margarita”
A. Pushkin “Blizzard”, “Peasant Young Lady”
V. Korolenko “The Blind Musician”
F. Dostoevsky “The Idiot”, “The Little Match Girl”
M. Zoshchenko – stories
I. Bunin – stories
A. Chekhov - stories
A. de Saint-Exupery " A little prince", "South Postal"
G. de Maupassant “Necklace”
About Henry - stories
A. S. Pushkin “Belkin’s Tales”, “ Captain's daughter", "Dubrovsky", " Queen of Spades».
N.V. Gogol “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”, “Mirgorod”, “Petersburg Tales”, “Dead Souls”.
M. Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time.”
F. M. Dostoevsky “White Nights”, stories.
I. A. Goncharov " An ordinary story", "Oblomov".
M. Gorky - stories.
A.T. Averchenko - stories.
ON THE. Teffi - stories.
V.M. Shukshin - stories.
A.I. Solzhenitsyn "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich."
B.L. Pasternak "Doctor Zhivago".
Fairy tales
G. Andersen
M. Saltykov-Shchedrin
A. Pushkin
N. Afanasyev
Fables
I. Krylov
S. Mikhalkov
Lafontaine
Poetry
A.S. Pushkin “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, “Eugene Onegin”, fairy tales, lyrics. M.Yu. Lermontov “Mtsyri”, “Demon”, lyrics.
ON THE. Nekrasov “Who Lives Well in Rus'”, “Red Nose Frost”, lyrics. A.A.Fet - lyrics.
F.I. Tyutchev - lyrics.
A.A. Block “Stranger”, “Twelve”, lyrics.
M.I. Tsvetaeva - lyrics.
A. A. Akhmatova - lyrics.
B.L. Pasternak - lyrics.
O.E. Mandelstam - lyrics.
S.A. Yesenin "Anna Snegina", lyrics.
V.V. Mayakovsky "Cloud in Pants", lyrics.
A.T. Tvardovsky “Vasily Terkin”, lyrics.
ON THE. Zabolotsky - lyrics.
V.S. Vysotsky - lyrics.
B.A. Akhmadullina - lyrics.
R. Rozhdestvensky - lyrics.
F. G. Lorca - lyrics.
N. Zabolotsky “Autumn Sketches”
R. Rozhdestvensky “Baikal Ballad”; "It all starts with love"
V. Mayakovsky “Conversation at the Odessa raid of the landing ships “Soviet Dagestan” and “Red Abkhazia”.
S. Yesenin “Soviet Rus'”
Socio-cultural activity is an activity that is aimed at preserving and transmitting cultural values, as well as the development, self-affirmation and self-realization of individuals and groups through their familiarization with these values. Usually this activity is related to leisure. Specialists work on organizing cultural events, helping in case of difficulties in family and any other communication through organizing free time for children and adults.
Such activities are very important because they are aimed at solving individual social problems and meeting the cultural needs of society. SKD is diverse, it has a large number various options and institutions, is characterized by exceptional voluntariness and freedom of choice. Social and cultural activities perform recreational, health, cultural, creative, developmental and informational functions.
Where and how is this taught?
There are more than 60 universities in Russia that offer their programs to train students in socio-cultural activities. The leading universities are Moscow universities, for example, Moscow State University culture and arts, Moscow City Pedagogical University and others. Students study culture and art in all their diversity, their theory and historical development, applied disciplines and humanities, undergo internships in various cultural and production centers.
Graduates of universities of this specialty work in show business, are mainly engaged in organizational activities, negotiate with agencies, agree on holding events, as well as promoting stars career ladder. Specialists work with actors, singers, circus performers, organize exhibitions in galleries, etc. Many students in this department emphasize the desire and opportunity to work in their specialty after graduation, the high probability of receiving a profitable income, which grows with the work experience and qualifications of the specialist, as well as a whole range of activities that can be combined with studies. This is one of the most popular modern world areas of activity that, with a competent approach, bring real benefits to society and culture.
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