Essay Pechorin is a strange person. Essay on the topic “Why Pechorin is a strange person”

30.03.2019

So, “Hero of Our Time” - psychological novel, that is, a new word in Russian literature of the nineteenth century. It's really special piece for its time - it has a truly interesting structure: a Caucasian short story, travel notes, a diary... But anyway the main objective works - revealing the image of an unusual, at first glance, strange person - Grigory Pechorin. This is truly extraordinary special person. And the reader sees this throughout the novel.

Who is Pechorin, and what is his main tragedy? We see the hero from the most different people, and can thus compose his psychological portrait. In the first chapters of the novel, you can see Grigory Pechorin through the eyes of Maxim Maksimych, a retired officer, a friend of the hero. “He was a strange man,” he says. But the elderly officer lives in another time, in another world and cannot give a complete and objective description. But already at the beginning of the novel, from the words of Maxim Maksimych, we understand that this is a special person. The next stage of revealing the image is description

Pechorin as a traveling officer. He is closer to him in age, and in his views, and in his social circle, therefore, he can reveal him better inner world.

And the officer notices some features of appearance that are directly related to character. Much attention is paid to the description of gait, eyes, hands, figure. But the look plays a key role. “His Eyes did not laugh when he laughed - this is a sign of either an evil disposition or an all-consuming sadness.” And it is here that we come closer to the answer to the question: what is the tragedy of the hero? The most complete answer is presented in the part of the novel illustrating psychology secular society- “Princess Mary.” It is written in the form of a diary. And that is why we can talk about the real sincerity and genuineness of the narrative, because in a diary a person expresses feelings only for himself, and, as you know, there is no point in lying to yourself. And here Pechorin himself tells the reader about his tragedy. The text contains a large number of monologues in which the hero himself analyzes his actions, philosophizes about his purpose and inner world. AND the main problem It turns out that Pechorin constantly turns inward, evaluates his actions and words, which contributes to the discovery of his own vices and imperfections. And Pechorin says: “I have an innate passion to contradict...” He fights with the world around him. It may seem that this is an angry and indifferent person, but this is by no means the case. His inner world is deep and vulnerable. He is tormented by the bitterness of misunderstanding by society. “Everyone read on my face the signs of bad qualities...” Perhaps this is precisely the main tragedy. He deeply felt good and evil, could love, but those around him did not understand, and his best qualities were strangled. All feelings were hidden in the farthest corners of the soul. He became " moral cripple" And he himself writes that half of his soul has died, and the other is barely alive. But she’s alive! True feelings still live in Pechorin. But they are strangled. In addition, the hero is tormented by boredom and loneliness. However, feelings break through in this man, when he runs after Vera, he falls and cries - that means he is still really human! But suffering is an unbearable test for him. And you can notice that Pechorin’s tragedy echoes the tragedy Pushkin's Onegin– Pechorin cannot find recognition in life, science is not interesting to him, service is boring...

Thus, there are several main problems: lack of understanding of society, lack of self-realization. And society did not understand Grigory Pechorin. He thought that he was destined for higher goals, but misunderstanding turned into a tragedy for him - it broke his life and divided his soul into two halves - dark and light.

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So, “A Hero of Our Time” is a psychological novel, that is, a new word in Russian literature of the nineteenth century. This is a truly special work for its time - it has a truly interesting structure: a Caucasian short story, travel notes, a diary... But still, the main goal of the work is to reveal the image of the unusual, at first glance, strange person - Gregory Pechorina. This is truly an extraordinary, special person. And the reader sees this throughout the novel.

Who is Pechorin, and what is his main tragedy? We see the hero from the side of a variety of people, and thus can create his psychological portrait. In the first chapters of the novel, you can see Grigory Pechorin through the eyes of Maxim Maksimych, a retired officer, a friend of the hero. “He was a strange man,” he says. But the elderly officer lives in another time, in another world and cannot give a complete and objective description. But already at the beginning of the novel, from the words of Maxim Maksimych, we understand that this is a special person. The next stage of disclosure image-description Pechorin as a traveling officer. He is closer to him in age, and in his views, and in his circle of friends, therefore, he can better reveal his inner world.

And the officer notices some features of appearance that are directly related to character. Much attention is paid to the description of gait, eyes, hands, figure. But the look plays a key role. “His Eyes did not laugh when he laughed - this is a sign of either an evil disposition or an all-consuming sadness.” And it is here that we come closer to the answer to the question: what is the tragedy of the hero? The most complete answer is presented in the part of the novel that illustrates the psychology of secular society - “Princess Mary”. It is written in the form of a diary. And that is why we can talk about the real sincerity and genuineness of the narrative, because in a diary a person expresses feelings only for himself, and, as you know, there is no point in lying to yourself. And here Pechorin himself tells the reader about his tragedy. The text contains a large number of monologues in which the hero himself analyzes his actions, philosophizes about his purpose and inner world. And the main problem turns out to be that Pechorin constantly turns inward, evaluates his actions and words, which contributes to the discovery of his own vices and imperfections. And Pechorin says: “I have an innate passion to contradict...” He fights with the world around him. It may seem that this is an angry and indifferent person, but this is by no means the case. His inner world is deep and vulnerable. He is tormented by the bitterness of misunderstanding by society. “Everyone read signs of bad qualities on my face...” Perhaps this is precisely the main tragedy. He deeply felt good and evil, could love, but those around him did not understand, and his best qualities were strangled. All feelings were hidden in the farthest corners of the soul. He became a “moral cripple.” And he himself writes that half of his soul has died, and the other is barely alive. But she’s alive! True feelings still live in Pechorin. But they are strangled. In addition, the hero is tormented by boredom and loneliness. However, feelings break through in this man, when he runs after Vera, he falls and cries - that means he is still really human! But suffering is an unbearable test for him. And you can notice that the tragedy of Pechorin echoes the tragedy of Pushkin Onegina-Pechorin cannot find recognition in life, science is uninteresting to him, service is boring...

Lesson 45 “STRANGE MAN” PECHORIN (ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF CHAPTERS “BELA” AND “MAXIM MAXIMYCH”)

29.03.2013 30497 0

Lesson 45
"Strange Man" Pechorin
(Chapter content analysis
"Bela" and "Maksim Maksimych")

Goals : to interest students in the content of the stories “Bela”, “Maksim Maksimych”; find out the features of the plot, composition, genre; by analyzing episodes, deepen ideas about the character of the main character, try to explain some of Pechorin’s “oddities,” talk about his actions and deeds (try to understand them), and relationships with other characters.

During the classes

I. Homework survey.

1. What is unique about the construction of Lermontov’s novel “A Hero of Our Time”?

2. What does this composition make you think about?

II. The story "Bela".(Characters, content, features of the genre and composition, attitude of the heroes of the story to Pechorin.)

1. Conversation on questions:

1) How many parts can the content of the story be divided into? What headlines should you come up with?

2) On whose behalf is the story told? In what form is it written? (The story is told on behalf of the author and Maxim Maksimych. Genre - travel notes: “... I’m not writing a story, but travel notes.”)

3) What interesting things can you tell about the author and Maxim Maksimych?

The author is a “new” person in the Caucasus, yearning for his native place. He is curious, has a desire to “pull out” some exciting story from Maxim Maksimych. The author is educated, observant, and admires the wonderful nature of the Caucasus.

Staff Captain Maxim Maksimych is a “experienced” man in the Caucasus, accustomed to a harsh life. Military service taught him responsibility and discipline, but did not harden him. Maxim Maksimych is selfless and kind. Fine knower of life mountaineers, he knows how to understand their actions, appreciate their strength and courage. His speech, although not always correct, is always sincere. Belinsky notes that Maxim Maksimych speaks “in simple, rude language, but always picturesque, always touching and amazing...”. Meeting Pechorin and serving together is an exceptional event in the monotonous life of a staff captain.

2. Retelling and analysis of the episodes “The Abduction of Bela” and “The Death of Bela.” Questions you can use:

1) Mentally reproduce psychological condition Pechorina.

2) How do these episodes characterize the main character?

3) Why do you condemn Pechorin?

4) What traits of his character deserve approval? Why?

5) Is Pechorin’s love for the mountain girl Bela a real feeling or is it just a hobby - a whim?

6) How does Maxim Maksimych see Pechorin’s strangeness?

Pechorin attracts the attention of others and arouses the interest of the author. But the author’s attitude towards the hero is contradictory. The oddities in both Pechorin’s appearance and character are striking. Bravery, energy, courage, noble impulses are combined in him with lethargy and indifference.

The story with Bela shows that Pechorin strong will, he knows how to achieve his goal. This makes him sympathetic. But at the same time, the author condemns him for petty and selfish actions, the habit of considering only his own desires.

Pechorin’s inconsistency is revealed in the subsequent chapters of the novel in its entirety, revealing the “disease” of the generation of that time.

3. Retelling and analysis of the story “Maksim Maksimych” or role-playing. Questions you can use:

1) What is your impression of what you read?

2) What are the features of Pechorin’s portrait? How does it differ from the portrait given by Maxim Maksimych in the story “Bela”?

3) What is the role of the narrator in the story?

4) How is Lermontov’s ideological plan manifested?

5) Analyze the episode of Pechorin’s meeting with the staff captain. Can Pechorin and Maxim Maksimych be called friends?

6) How do you explain Pechorin’s coldness? Why didn't he stay to dine with the staff captain?

7) What character traits of Pechorin were revealed in the last meeting with Maxim Maksimych?

8) Which of the heroes do you sympathize with?

9) What do you think their meeting should be like?

10) What is the place and significance of the story “Maksim Maksimych” in the novel?

(The compositional role of the story “Maksim Maksimych” is great. It is like a connecting link between “Bela” and “Pechorin’s Journal”. It explains how the magazine came to the author, a visiting officer.

The plot of the story is also simple. But the meeting between Pechorin and Maxim Maksimych is sad. The coldness, indifference and selfishness of the main character have increased. Journey - last try somehow fill your life with something useful, new experiences.)

The most important means of characterizing Pechorin in this story is a psychological portrait (features of appearance, reflection of complex emotional experiences in it, psychologism of the portrait).

Homework.

1. The story “Taman”. Reading, retelling the plot. What is the meaning of Pechorin’s clash with the smugglers?

2. Analysis of the episodes “The Boat Scene” and “Yanko’s Farewell to the Blind Boy.” What new did you learn about the main character?

3. Observations on the composition “Tamani”, description of nature, speech of the characters.

Self-education topic

Lidiya Kalistratovna Fedotova, teacher of Russian language and literature, MBOU “Srednetatmyshskaya OSSH”, Kanashsky district of Chuvashia.

Subject: Pechorin – a strange man. ("Bela")

His name was... Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin. He was a nice little guy

I dare to assure you; just a little strange.

"Hero of our time". M.Yu. Lermontov.

Academic problems :

Highlight the priority values of the main character in the work

Determine the nature of the relationship between the hero and a single image of the world and understand the consequences of these relationships for the individual

Help students to holistically imagine the aspect of the work they are studying

Form an emotional and value-based attitude towards the issue being studied

Target: Bringing the meaning of the story beyond love story, discover in it the general causes of Pechorin’s tragedy

Tasks:

to find out students’ initial perception of the novel;

lead the children to understand the meaning of composition and its role in revealing the ideological concept of the novel;

get them interested romantic plot the story “Bela” and the personality of a strange man - Pechorin.

The results of studying the key issue of M.Yu. Lermontov’s story “Bela”.

Personal:

improving the spiritual and moral qualities of an individual, respectful attitude towards Russian literature, using various sources of information (dictionaries, Internet resources, works of other authors of Russian and foreign literature) to solve cognitive and communicative problems.

Metasubject:

the ability to understand a problem, put forward a hypothesis, structure material, select arguments to confirm one’s own position, and highlight cause-and-effect relationships.

Lesson type by form: dialogical

Lesson type by content: workshop, research

During the classes

Teacher: Let's pay attention to the epigraph. Which hero of Lermontov's story are we talking about? (About Pechorin.) Who says these words? (Maksim Maksimych.)

Announcing the topic of the lesson.

Lesson topic: Pechorin is a strange person. ("Bela")

Referring to the text. He was so thin, white, his uniform was so new... After all, for example, in the rain, in the cold, hunting all day; everyone will be cold and tired - but nothing to him. And another time he sits in his room, smells the wind, assures him that he has a cold; the shutter knocks, he shudders and turns pale; and with me he went to the wild boar one on one; it used to be that you wouldn’t get a word for hours at a time, but sometimes as soon as he started talking, you’d burst your stomach with laughter... Yes, sir, he was very strange, and he must have been a rich man: how many different things he had

expensive things!..

Teacher: All artistic structure The novel “A Hero of Our Time” is structured in such a way as to illuminate the main character - Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin - from different points of view. Revealing the hero's inner world, the author convinces: “The history of the human soul... is perhaps more curious and not more useful than history a whole people." What is a hero really like: an evil genius or a victim of society? This question is certainly ambiguous; we will have to answer it during the lesson. Pechorin himself repeatedly talks about his duality. On the one hand, the author shows him as flawed, devoid of kindness and humanity, on the other hand, as a courageous, passionate person who is sympathetic to people.

How did you see Pechorin after reading the story “Bela”? Share your impressions.

(Lermontov paints Bela’s story in many ways, describes her through the eyes of different heroes. I'd like to figure this out tragic story love and death of a young girl and understand what role Pechorin played in the fate of the heroes of the story. Was his love sincere or was it the whim of a spoiled heart?)

Formulation of the problem. Why does Pechorin remain a mystery to others?

What is its strangeness and dissimilarity? How does it affect others?

Why is he unhappy? What are the reasons for his unhappiness? (Pechorin has a brilliant analytical mind, he evaluates people, the motives of their actions, but, on the other hand, he is quickly overcome by boredom, he has no goal in life.)

Working with cards

5 minutes to work in groups.

Group 1 card.

1.Who is Azamat?

Azamat is the son of a prince, Bela’s younger brother. This is a fifteen-year-old guy who is characterized by impetuosity, lack of restraint, instability and wants to be like Kazbich in everything.

About four days later Azamat arrives at the fortress... There was a conversation about horses... The little Tatarch's little eyes sparkled.

In the first three steps he will throw you off, and you will smash the back of your head on the rocks.

Me? - Azamat shouted in rage, and the iron of the child’s dagger

rang against the chain mail. Strong hand pushed him away and he hit the

the fence so that the fence began to shake. "This will be fun!" - I thought, rushed into

stable, bridled our horses and led them out to backyard. In two minutes

There was already a terrible hubbub in the hut. This is what happened: Azamat ran in there

a torn beshmet, saying that Kazbich wanted to stab him.

2. Why does the “stubborn boy” agree to Pechorin’s scam?

I see, Azamat, that you really liked this horse; but not to see

you like her as the back of your head! Well, tell me, what would you give to someone who gave it to you?

would you give it?..

“Whatever he wants,” answered Azamat.

In that case, I will get it for you, only on condition... Swear that

you will fulfill it...

I swear... You too swear!

Fine! I swear you will own the horse; only for him you owe

give me sister Bela: Karagöz will be your dowry. Hope the bargain is for

beneficial to you.

Group 2 card.

1.Who is he, this Kazbich?

Kazbich is a fearless horseman, a robber living in the Caucasus mountains.

I began to peer and recognized my

old acquaintance Kazbich. You know, he was not exactly peaceful, not exactly

non-peaceful. There was a lot of suspicion about him, even though he was not involved in any pranks

noticed. It used to be that he would bring sheep to our fortress and sell them cheaply,

only he never bargained: whatever he asks for, go ahead - at least kill him, don’t

will give in. They said about him that he loved to travel to the Kuban with abreks, and,

to tell the truth, he had the most robber's face: small, dry,

broad-shouldered... And he was dexterous, dexterous, like a devil! Beshmet always

torn, in patches, and the weapon was in silver. And his horse was famous throughout

Kabarda - and for sure, it’s impossible to invent anything better than this horse.

2. Kazbich loves Bela. Why doesn’t he agree to Azamat’s proposal?

For a long, long time Kazbich was silent; finally, instead of answering, he began to drawl

There are many beauties in our villages,

The stars shine in the darkness of their eyes.

It is sweet to love them, an enviable lot;

But valiant will is more fun.

Gold will buy four wives

A dashing horse has no price:

He won’t lag behind the whirlwind in the steppe,

He won't change, he won't deceive.

3.What role did Pechorin play in the fate of the highlander?

Dust swirled in the distance - Azamat rode on the dashing Karagöz; on the run

Kazbich grabbed the gun from its case and fired, for a minute he remained motionless,

until he was convinced that he had made a mistake; then he screamed, hit the gun on a stone,

smashed it into pieces, fell to the ground and sobbed like a child... Here

People from the fortress gathered around him - he did not notice anyone; stood for a while

we talked and went back; I ordered the money for the sheep to be placed next to him - he

He didn’t touch them, he lay on his face as if dead. Would you believe it, he lay there like that?

before late at night and the whole night?.. Only the next morning he came to the fortress and

began to ask him to name the kidnapper. The sentry who saw how

Azamat untied his horse and rode off on it, not deeming it necessary to hide it. Wherein

named after Kazbich’s eyes sparkled, and he went to the village where Azamat’s father lived.

Group 3 card.

What is the appeal of Bela's image? Why did even Maxim Maksimych become attached to her?

Naturalness and the inability to pretend - these are the qualities that, in addition to beauty, Pechorin saw in her.

And sure enough, she was pretty: tall, thin, eyes black, like

mountain chamois, they looked into our souls. Pechorin did not fall into thought

out of her sight, and she often glanced at him from under her brows.

Why did Bela succumb to Pechorin's influence?

Grigory Alexandrovich gave her something every day: the first days she silently

proudly pushed away the gifts that then went to the perfumer and excited

her eloquence. Ah, gifts! What won’t a woman do for a colored rag!..

Well, that's an aside... Grigory Alexandrovich fought with her for a long time; meanwhile

I studied in Tatar, and she began to understand in ours. I am guilty before you and must punish myself;

goodbye, I'm going - where? why do I know? Maybe I won't be chasing a bullet for long

or by hitting a checker; then remember me and forgive me." He turned away and

extended his hand to her in farewell. She did not take his hand, she was silent. Only standing for

door, I could see her face through the crack: and I felt sorry - such

deathly pallor covered this sweet face! Not hearing the answer, Pechorin

took a few steps towards the door; he was trembling - and should I tell you? I think he's in

was able to actually fulfill what he was talking about jokingly. That's how it was

man, God knows! As soon as he touched the door, she jumped up,

she began to sob and threw herself on his neck.

3.What role did Pechorin play in her fate? (Tragic.)

Group 4 card.

The kindness, spontaneity, and honesty of Maxim Maksimych turn out to be clearly insufficient to resist evil or at least understand the meaning of the perpetrator. His limitations not only coexist with his kindness, but undermines it and counteracts it.

How did Pechorin react to Bela's death?

Maxim Maksimych blames Pechorin for indifference: “... his face did not express anything special, and I felt annoyed: if I were in his place, I would have died of grief.”

3. Is Maxim Maksimych a sympathetic witness or a direct participant in what is happening?

A kidnapping committed by the wrong hands is bad, but Maxim Maksimych is unable to explain it and can only reproach Pechorin, who constantly puts him “in a dead end.”

Group 5 card.

Is Pechorin’s love for Bela a sincere feeling or a whim of a spoiled heart? Why does he kidnap Bela? Why doesn't he end up feeling happy?

Pechorin stole Bela. He saw her and fell in love. But it was not reliable, true love, and love just like that, out of boredom. But if he himself knows that he will soon stop loving Bela, that he has such a character, then why steal her, why bring her pain, but in general, whoever Pechorin communicates with, he brings pain or death to everyone.

Read the confession. Pechorin explains himself as a consequence of the laws of time and his circle, considers himself even more worthy of regret than Bela. What do you think?

“...I have an unhappy character; Whether my upbringing made me this way, whether God created me this way, I don’t know; I only know that if I am the cause of the misfortune of others, then I myself am no less unhappy... I began to madly enjoy all the pleasures that can be obtained for money, and of course, these pleasures disgusted me. Then I set out into the big world, and soon I also got tired of society; I fell in love with society beauties and was loved - but their love only irritated my imagination and pride, and my heart remained empty... I began to read, study - I was also tired of science... Whether I am a fool or a villain, I don’t know; but it is true that I am also very worthy of regret..."

(Stabs, a captain who spent most of his life in a Caucasian fortress, is able to accurately reproduce the external course of events, but cannot explain them. He is far from understanding the hero’s spiritual quest. The motives for his actions are inexplicable for Maxim Maksimych. He notices only the “oddities of the hero”)

1. Pechorin is not capable of friendship, he is characterized by selfishness, he has no real affection for anyone; attracting everyone life situation he seeks to bring about conflict.

2. Pechorin forcibly tears Bela out of her natural environment and with his selfishness leads her to death.

3. His soul is not able to sympathize with another soul, to tune in unison with the mood of others. Free from friendship, which constrains with its moral traces and connections, Pechorin is repulsed by the simple-minded kindness of Maxim Maksimych.

4. Pechorin explains his cooling towards Bela this way: “I was wrong again: the love of a savage is for few better than love noble lady; the ignorance and simple-heartedness of one are just as annoying as the coquetry of the other.” However, living hearts pay for the mistakes and experiments of the protagonist.

5. Unpredictability of actions, risk-taking, selfishness, instant disappointment when achieving a goal, inability to sympathize, empathy, disappointment, boredom - personality traits of the hero.

Teacher:

Now compose a syncwine on the theme “Pechorin”. Read what you got?

Lonely, strange

Achieves, slander, suffers

Causes confusion and misunderstanding

Weirdness.

General problem question: “What are the reasons for the misfortune of the “strange man”?” Leading dialogue.

Homework . Read the chapter “Maksim Maksimych”. Find the reasons for Pechorin’s alienation and Maxim Maksimych.

Reflection. What discoveries and conclusions did you make for yourself after analyzing the story “Bela”?

For me, Pechorin is truly an absolutely strange person. I don't understand him at all.

Of course, I heard that when people achieve a goal, they lose interest in it... For example, you wanted some kind of video game, you dreamed about it, you asked your parents and you saved it yourself. And now you have the game. I tried to play it a couple of times, but it wasn’t right, at least take it back to the store. Happens…

But Pechorin is talking about people, about girls. Here's Bella - how much did he do to win her? (For starters, he stole it!) And when the captive finally fell in love with him, he lost all interest in her. But he needed to at least feel sorry for her and talk. And when she was dying because of him, with his name on her lips, Pechorin could have at least been with her. He's a terrible person! No responsibility for the one you “tamed.” It’s scary to think about his pet cats, dogs, horses...

And he should understand whether he can maintain interest in the person. Apparently, it was something sporty for Bella. Will I be able to conquer her? And he never loved her herself... Vile! It's like they bet on her.

And with Mary, even initially he was not particularly interested in her, he just confused her so as to make it worse for his own “friend”, who was in love with this girl. Everything about Pechorin, in my opinion, is selfishness. I thought only about myself, about my pride, about entertainment.

But for all this he suffered. Still, his conscience tormented him a little, and he also felt “uncomfortable” with himself. He felt practically nothing, was cold and calculating. He also despised everyone.

I don’t understand Pechorin, because I don’t like him at all. I don’t know how anyone can act so vilely. But I don’t want to judge him, because he is, in fact, strange...

It would be better for him to stay away from people. He could, for example, go to a monastery! Since he doesn’t love people, he would pray – he would calm down, he would “nurture” love in himself. And he was still looking for passion. He was obviously bored in the capitals, but even in the war (in the mountains) he didn’t feel any “more fun.” Could love, that is, hobbies, distract him a little from himself? Apparently, he didn’t really like being bored, that is, being left alone with himself, looking at his past actions.

Conscience is also not silent. And after Bella, he didn’t come to his senses, Mary suffered... And most importantly, he suffers from himself. In general, he is somehow strange, even in the sense of description, he is hot in winter, cold in summer. Some kind of all “wrong” hero.

He did not intentionally do evil, but he created situations in which innocent people suffered. A strange man, in a bad way.