Why is the far side of the moon not visible? Soshi "umid

23.09.2019

To the question Why do we see only one side of the Moon asked by the author User deleted the best answer is

Reply from Flush[guru]
tak ten ot zemli padayet na lunu i ona zatmevayetsya

Reply from Gray hair[guru]
Since man appeared on Earth, the Moon has been a mystery to him. In ancient times, people worshiped the Moon, considering her to be the goddess of the night. Today, however, we know much more about what it really is. We can even see the “reverse”, or, as it is also called, the “dark” side of the Moon in photographs taken by Soviet and American scientists. Why are we unable to look at the far side of the Moon from Earth? The fact is that the Moon is natural satellite Earth, that is, the smaller celestial body.
sizes than our planet orbiting around it. One full revolution of the Moon in orbit around the Earth is approximately 29.5 days. It is remarkable that the Moon rotates around its axis in the same amount of time. That is why from the Earth we can only see one side of it.
To better understand how this happens, try the following experiment.
Take an apple or orange and draw a line on it dividing it into two halves.
Imagine that this is the Moon. Then extend a clenched fist in front of you, which should represent the Earth. Now turn the “Moon” with one side towards the “Earth”. Continuing to keep the "Moon" facing the "Earth" with the same side, make it full turn around "Earth". You will see that the “Moon” will turn around its axis, and from the “Earth” there will be still only one side of it is visible.

Reply from skinny[guru]
it's all about how the sun illuminates it.

Reply from Yoshiko[guru]
I'm still wondering how this happens lunar eclipses. I understand the sun: the moon covered the sun. And what covers the moon, there is nothing between us.

Reply from ~Messenger of Heaven~[guru]
By the way, I heard this version: on the other side of the moon there is a base of UFO ships. people tried to fly there, but they won’t let us in

Reply from Dmitry Chirkov[guru]
rotation periods coincide

Reply from Kenshi Hemuro[guru]
Because the moon does not rotate on its axis

Reply from Pavel Kulikov[newbie]
Since this is the good side, and the evil one hides behind it and feeds power from the shadows))) XD

Reply from Destroyer[newbie]
link
Why on visible side There are more craters on the moon than on the back
side?
Hypothesis.
After a massive bombardment by meteorites, the Moon's center of gravity changed.
The more massive side of the Moon entered gravitational
interaction with the Earth. The tumbler principle.
The moon stopped rotating, only vibrations called
– libration.

Reply from Alexander Green[guru]
this is how nature wanted it, why is not our business, why is it not for us to judge

Reply from Kghhy grfgf[newbie]
The period of the Moon's revolution around the Earth, when it occupies a consistently identical position among the stars when observed from the Earth, is called a sidereal month. It is 27.3 days. The rotation of the Moon around its axis occurs at a constant angular velocity in the same direction in which it revolves around the Earth. The period of rotation of the Moon around its axis is equal to the period of its revolution around the Earth - 27.3 days. That is why from the Earth we see only one hemisphere, which is called the visible hemisphere, and the other, hidden from our eyes, the invisible hemisphere is called reverse side Moons.

Reply from Oleg Pestryakov[guru]
Regardless of whether we see the Moon at full moon, when it is illuminated by the Sun, or when it is partially or completely in shadow, the Moon always faces the Earth with one side. Moving around the Earth along a complex trajectory and returning to former place approximately once every 11 years, the Moon simultaneously rotates around its axis so that one of its sides is always turned towards the Earth. This probably happens because the center of mass of the Moon is shifted towards the Earth and does not allow it to rotate freely. It even sways like a roly-poly, thanks to which from the Earth you can see slightly more of the surface of the Moon than half of it. It was possible to look at the other side for the first time on October 7, 1959 (7/X/1959), when the Soviet automatic interplanetary station Luna-3 successfully photographed the far side of the Moon. This is what the first image of the Moon looks like, taken on October 7, 1959 by the Luna-3 station. Not very high quality, but it was the first... View of the Moon from the reverse side. Strictly speaking, the Moon is very slowly, but still moving away from the Earth, and in a few hundred million years it may leave it if humanity does not want to hold on to it by that time and does not learn to correct its orbit...

The constant satellite of our planet not only makes us think about the eternal, but also gives us food for thought. Why do we see only one side of the Moon if all celestial bodies rotate around their axis? Maybe this is part of some kind of conspiracy, and on the other side of the satellite there is some kind of secret alien base or traces of colonization by an ancient civilization?

How did the Moon appear?

The Moon is a massive body caught in the Earth's gravity zone. Exists several theories of its origin:

Was captured by gravity several billion years ago.
It was formed as a result of the combination of several hundred meteorites that fell under the influence of gravity.
It is a part of the earth's crust that broke off as a result of a collision with a meteorite.

Today, a very popular theory is that Once there was a collision between the Earth and a small planet with an unstable orbit.

According to another version, the culprit of the cataclysm is a meteorite that passed “tangentially” and directly knocked off part of the earth’s crust.

In the first case, the Moon must represent a part of this very planet. In the second - part of the surface of our planet, under the influence of centrifugal force, formed into a sphere.

The whole problem is that we are talking about events that took place billions of years ago. Now we cannot talk with confidence about events that took place a thousand years ago, let alone such colossal periods.

Why doesn't the moon fall to the earth?

The Moon simultaneously rotates both around the Earth and around its own orbit. As a result, two forces interact:

Thanks to the interaction of two forces, our " eternal companion"can't fly away from us. But it also cannot fall to the surface of the planet, for exactly the same reasons.

If one day this state of balance is disrupted, a terrible cataclysm may occur. But we are talking about cosmic quantities; no person has the power to influence them. At least at the current level of development of science.

Thanks to this pleasant coincidence, the Earth has a satellite. And thanks to another coincidence, in the form of an identical period of rotation around the planet and around its axis, we only see the “bright” side of the moon.

Why does the moon glow at night?

But why is the side facing us always “bright”? After all, the Moon does not have its own luminary that would illuminate it according to some schedule.

And in order to delve into the further description, it is better remember the school physics course:

The sun's rays can be reflected from surfaces.
After reflection, the angle of propagation of the rays changes.
Despite contact with the surface, the reflected light travels further.
The number of rays that will continue their path depends on the ability to reflect.

At night, the Earth turns the other side to the Sun, so in our hemisphere it begins dark time days. But nothing prevents the Moon from contacting the nearest star.

Direct sunlight hits its surface. Some of it remains there, their energy goes to heating the lunar soil. No wonder its temperature can exceed a hundred degrees.

But a small part of the rays is reflected from the surface and directed towards us. Thanks to this phenomenon, there is another source of light in the night sky.

Why don't they fly to the moon anymore?

The second half of the last century was marked by real hysteria, into which the two powers were drawn. It's about "moon race" , when Americans and Soviet citizens were striving for the same goal - to be the first to land on the moon.

The USA unconditionally won this competition, which is more offensive - not a single Soviet cosmonaut ever set foot on the surface of our satellite. This is despite the fact that “ dark side“Humanity first saw it precisely thanks to the apparatus made and launched in the Union.

But decades pass, and no one really aspires to the Moon anymore.

This is motivated by a number of reasons:

Lack of funding.
Basic experiments and research have already been carried out.
There is enough surface data to be processed for the coming decades.
Flights are extremely expensive.
There is no one else to compete with and thus prove your superiority.

Some of the arguments sound pretty plausible. But, on the other hand, more than one, not even two expeditions were sent to the Moon. There were more of them. And then everything stopped. And no other country tried to land to get another reason to be proud.

Tacit agreement seems to be All countries in the world were able to agree on one issue. Maybe somewhere out there, at a distance of about 300 thousand kilometers, there really was contact with something unknown and humanity was opaquely hinted at what further research would entail?

These are just conspiracy theories, but after a jerk to the side, all countries “turned on the back foot” and stopped so actively developing their space programs. Perhaps we really are not welcome there.

The invisible side of the moon

The lunar cycle is 28 days, almost everyone remembers this. The problem is that 28 days fit both periods of rotation - around the Earth and its own axis. It's such a coincidence, but because of it, we are forced to constantly observe only one half of the celestial body.

Due to the current situation, a person will never be able to see the “dark side” while on the surface of the Earth. In fact, it sounds like a challenge. And it will be nice to know that humanity passed this test with dignity.

Thanks to unmanned expeditions, we have photographs and detailed maps that “invisible” half. From the point of view of “science for science’s sake,” this is an unprecedented achievement, but if you think about practical application received data.

True, there is one positive point . We made sure that there was no alien space fleet lurking behind the Moon, that its surface was not dotted with someone’s bases. This is a consolation for paranoids and dreamers.

Over natural phenomena I’m either too lazy to think about it or don’t have time for it. And why we see only one side of the Moon, and why the seasons change - all this was once explained, but too long ago.

Video about the position and rotation of the moon

After watching this video, you will understand why the Moon always faces the earth with the same side:

Why do we only see one side of the Moon?

The Moon floats high in the sky, bright, beautiful, with dark spots on its shiny disk. On a full moon, it resembles someone’s round, good-natured, slightly mocking face. We always see her like this. And before us, for thousands of years, people looked at the exact same Moon and the dark spots were distributed on it in the same way, which make it look like a human face. For thousands of years, people have been observing changes in her bright face - from the thin sickle of a newborn month to the full radiance of her disk. Meanwhile, the Moon is a ball, the same as other planets, including our Earth, on which you and I live. But the Moon never shows us its other side, we do not see it. Why?

The Moon rotates around its axis and at the same time makes its way around the Earth, because it is a satellite of the Earth.

But how does this happen? To help you imagine this more clearly, let's do a little experiment. Take some small table (if there is no table, a chair or something else that is more convenient for you, that will be at hand). This chair will be the imaginary Earth, and you yourself will be the Moon, which revolves around the Earth. Start moving around the table, remaining facing it the entire time. At the beginning of your movement, for example, you saw a window in front of you, but then, as you make your circle around the table (that is, the Earth), this window will be behind you, and only at the end of the path will you see it again . This will only confirm that you have turned not only around the table, but also around yourself, your axis.

That's how the Moon is. It rotates around the Earth and at the same time around its own axis.

But everyone now knows that we finally saw the far side of the Moon! How did this happen? Do you remember?.. However, no, you don’t remember this: in those years you were still too young! And this happened in 1959, when Soviet scientists launched an automatic station towards the Moon, which flew around our satellite and transmitted images from the other side to us on Earth. And people all over the world saw the far side of the Moon for the first time!

And that's not all. A few years later, Soviet scientists again sent an automatic station towards the Moon, and this time again photographs were taken and sent to Earth. Thanks to the images, scientists then compiled the first map of both sides of the lunar surface, and then a new color map of the Moon with lunar seas, mountain ranges, major peaks, ring crater mountains, circuses.

While I was writing these pages, one news followed another. Before I had time to tell you about the new color map, an amazing event happened: in February 1966, the world’s first automatic station, ours, the Soviet one, landed on the Earth’s satellite! She made, as scientists say, a soft landing - this means that she landed on the Moon smoothly, without breaking the equipment.

Having softly landed on the moon, the automatic station immediately began to work hard - it sent more and more pictures of the lunar surface, and these pictures were taken at close range. But this is extremely important! The images were large and accurate: scientists simply pounced on these amazing documents and looked at them carefully; Now they saw what the surface of the Moon was like, what was on it, they affirmed or, on the contrary, changed their points of view about the lunar surface.

Luna 9 made a soft landing on our satellite, the Moon. And soon after that, in March 1966, Luna 10 was launched.

She began to fly around the moon, that is, she became her artificial satellite, and the Luna-10 instruments sent messages to Earth that scientific researchers needed to better know our celestial neighbor.

"Luna-10" made its endless flight around the Moon, so close and familiar, and in the first days the whole world could hear the melody of the Communist anthem - "Internationale" - coming from it.

After "Luna-10" there were also "Luna-11", and "Luna-12", and "Luna-14", and "Luna-16"... Our messengers are constantly soaring into outer space, they are paving the first paths to our heavenly neighbor. And the most difficult and most important thing is always what is done for the first time!

However, the news recent years amazing! American astronauts spaceship Apollo 11, Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins were the first to fly to the Moon in July 1969, two of them, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, stepped on its surface, the third, Michael Collins, was waiting for them, making circles around the Moon .

The names of these cosmonauts will go down in history just like the name of our glorious Gagarin, who was the first to go into space and see our planet Earth from the outside.

And a very special place in the study of our celestial neighbor is occupied by the amazing Lunokhod-1 apparatus, delivered to the Moon in November 1970. He worked hard there, doing man's work to explore the lunar surface. This amazing device only worked on a lunar day, when it could charge its batteries from solar energy. A moonlit night Oh, he was resting, as they affectionately said about him: he was sleeping.

Really, all this looks like a fairy tale.

And it may well happen that during the time this book is being printed, new amazing events will occur and we will have to expand this chapter even more, although at first we were going to talk about only one thing: why we don’t see the far side of the Moon.

Shooting stars

I don’t know about you, but I have always loved looking at the sky on quiet, cloudless evenings. I loved looking for constellations, some were difficult to find, others were easy, for example Ursa Major or Cassiopeia.

On dark August nights, when the sky becomes completely black, a wide, bright road of stars is clearly visible - Milky Way. I stood for a long time with my head thrown back, so that my neck ached, and admired the dark sky, the stars and the silver moon.

But... what is this? A fiery dot traced the sky and went out. “The star has fallen,” say those who saw it.

Star? No, this is something completely different, because stars do not fall. These are small pebbles and specks of dust that fly through outer space and with terrible speed, attracted by the Earth, fly into the atmosphere and burn up! We see this short flash and say: the star has fallen!

Little celestial guests that burn up somewhere very high above the Earth are called meteors.

In August, October and November, the Earth encounters especially a lot of cosmic dust, clouds, and pebbles during its journey around the Sun. That is why at this time you can often see fiery flashes in the sky. This means that the Earth encountered whole swarms of meteors and “space debris” on its way, and it flared up as it flew into our atmosphere.

It happens that dozens of meteors immediately flash in the sky and the “star shower” continues until the Earth passes the meteor shower.

A shower of stars fell over Moscow more than twenty years ago, in 1946. Only we couldn’t observe it because the sky was covered with clouds. It was very annoying!

And there are not rains, but simply stellar showers! But this happens very rarely. At the end of the last century, several such showers occurred; they could be observed both in the skies of America and over Europe. It was a magnificent fireworks display created by nature itself.

Star showers, and especially star showers, are an exceptional phenomenon. You can live your life and not see them. But we can always observe lonely fiery dots flashing and extinguishing in the dark August sky, lonely “shooting stars”. Just remember: these are not stars - stars never fall! This is cosmic dust. Dust grains flare up due to strong air resistance when they fly into the earth's atmosphere. They flash and go out!

Why is there day and night?

I woke up at eight o'clock. Outside the window it’s night time! I remembered that today is December 22, the winter solstice, when we, in the Northern Hemisphere, have the longest night of the year and the shortest day.

That year there was no snow for a long time, or rather, there was snow, but it didn’t lie there for a long time - it melted. Mud, puddles, piercing wind and darkness - at four o'clock in the afternoon you need to turn on the lights!

I don’t like this time of year, the time of very late, prolonged autumn, and I always look forward to the cherished December 22nd, when the sun, as they say, turns to summer, and winter to frost. After the winter solstice, the days begin to gradually increase, and the nights begin to shorten, at first for just a minute, and then you see - in a month and an hour it will increase. But winter is coming into its own: frosts are cracking, snow is falling, and the twilight turns blue, almost purple...

Day and night... Change of light and darkness... The most common, most constant, unchangeable phenomenon of nature, it goes on forever in a routine manner. But why is this happening?

Once upon a time, in ancient times, not only children, but also adults asked themselves this question and did not find the correct answer to it. Millennia passed before man understood and explained this phenomenon.

Everything about everything. Volume 3 Likum Arkady

Why do we only see one side of the Moon?

Since man appeared on Earth, the Moon has been a mystery to him. In ancient times, people worshiped the Moon, considering her to be the goddess of the night. Today, however, we know much more about what it really is. We can even see the “reverse”, or, as it is also called, the “dark” side of the Moon in photographs taken by Soviet and American scientists. Why are we unable to look at the far side of the Moon from Earth? The fact is that the Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth, that is, a celestial body smaller in size than our planet revolving around it. One full revolution of the Moon in orbit around the Earth is approximately 29.5 days.

It is remarkable that the Moon rotates around its axis in the same amount of time. That is why from the Earth we can only see one side of it. To better understand how this happens, try the following experiment. Take an apple or orange and draw a line on it dividing it into two halves. Imagine this is the Moon. Then extend a clenched fist in front of you, which should represent the Earth. Now turn the “Moon” with one side towards the “Earth”. Continuing to keep the “Moon” facing the “Earth” with the same side, make a complete revolution around the “Earth”. You will see that the “Moon” will turn around its axis, and from the “Earth” only one side will still be visible.

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WHY DO WE ONLY SEE ONE SIDE OF THE MOON?

In twenty-nine and a half days it completes its revolution around the Earth, and... it takes the same amount of time to turn around its axis - so slowly does it complete this revolution. And that's the whole point. That's why we always see only one side of her.
But how does this happen? To help you imagine this more clearly, let's do a little experiment. Take some small table (if there is no table, a chair or something else that is more convenient for you, that will be at hand). This chair will be the imaginary Earth, and you yourself will be the Moon, which revolves around the Earth. Start moving around the table and at the same time, very slowly around your axis. You will see that you will be facing the table all the time. At the beginning of your movement, for example, you saw a window in front of you, but then, as you make your circle around the table (that is, the Earth), this window will be behind you and only at the end of the path will you see it again. This will only confirm that you have turned not only around the table, but also around yourself.
That's how the Moon is. It rotates around the Earth and at the same time around its own axis.
But I must tell you that we still saw the far side of the Moon! How did this happen? Do you remember? .. However, no, you don’t remember this; in those years you were still too young! And this happened in 1959, when Soviet scientists launched a rocket towards the Moon, which flew around our satellite, took pictures from its other side and transmitted these pictures to us, on Earth. And people all over the world saw the far side of the Moon for the first time!
And that's not all. A few years later, Soviet scientists again sent a rocket towards the Moon, and this time again photographs were taken and sent back to Earth. Thanks to these images, scientists have compiled the first map of both sides of the lunar surface. We now have a new color map of the Moon with lunar seas, mountain ranges, important peaks, ring crater mountains, circuses.
In February 1966, the world's first rocket, ours, Soviet, landed on the Earth's satellite. It made, as scientists say, a soft landing, which means that it landed on the Moon smoothly, without breaking the equipment, approximately the way a rocket should land on the Moon, on board of which the first explorers will arrive on the Moon. Our rocket, having softly landed on the moon, immediately began to work hard - it sent more and more pictures of the lunar surface, and these pictures were taken at close range. But this is extremely important! The images were large and accurate; scientists simply pounced on these amazing documents and looked at them carefully; Now they saw what the surface of the Moon was like, what was on it, they affirmed, or, on the contrary, changed their points of view about the lunar surface. Luna 9 made a soft landing on our satellite, the Moon. And soon after this remarkable flight, in March 1966, the rocket “Luna-10” was launched again, it began to fly around the Moon, that is, it became its artificial satellite, and the instruments of “Luna-10” sent messages to Earth that Research scientists need them to better know our celestial neighbor.
“Luna-10” made its endless flight around the Moon, so close and familiar, and in the first days the whole world could hear the melody of the Communist anthem “International” coming from it.
Here comes the news again! After Luna-10 there was also Luna-11, Luna-12, and Luna-13, which again made a soft landing on our satellite.
Soviet rockets are constantly soaring into unknown outer space, they are laying the first paths to distant celestial bodies. And in October 1967, the whole world was shocked by the news that the Soviet interplanetary station “Venera-4” smoothly sank to the surface of Venus - one of our planets solar system. Who knows what news tomorrow will bring us.
In any case, while the book was published, we managed to add a lot to this chapter, which at first tried to tell only one thing: why we don’t see the far side of the Moon.