Fadeev's novel still causes heated controversy. His heroes are real, living, but many see them as government orders and Soviet revolutionary propaganda. And although history has now turned against the “reds,” there are still millions of people in the country who are close to the position of Morozka and Levinson, but there are also those who sympathize with Mechik, they are against goodness and freedom mixed with blood.

The author wrote the novel at the age of 25, but despite this, the work was quite mature. Critics immediately noted the writer’s talent. The work brought him success and recognition, because the ideological basis of the book was very suitable for the political course of the new state. The action in "Destruction" takes place during the Civil War in the Ussuri region. Alexander Alexandrovich himself fought in the 1920s in the Far East against the army of Kolchak and Semenov and personally experienced the hardships of battle. Therefore, the descriptions of combat attacks and front-line life look so convincing and vivid, as if the reader himself witnessed these events and is now listening to the nostalgic story of a comrade of those years.

Main idea

Fadeev spoke about the main idea of ​​the work like this:

The first and main idea: in a civil war, a selection of human material occurs, everything hostile is swept away by the revolution, everything incapable of a real revolutionary struggle, accidentally falling into the camp of the revolution, is eliminated, and everything that has risen from the true roots of the revolution, from the millions of masses of the people, is tempered, grows, develops in this fight. A huge transformation of people is taking place. This transformation is taking place successfully because the revolution is led by advanced representatives of the working class - communists who clearly see the goal of the movement and who lead the more backward ones and help them re-educate.”

And, indeed, throughout the narrative, which centers on three heroes, we see how they change. The author describes in detail their experiences, dreams, desires, sufferings, thoughts. Many critics even accused Fadeev of excessive internal probing of the characters, of unnecessary “Tolstoyism”. But without this it would simply be impossible to reveal the images of Morozka, Mechik and Levinson. The writer managed to overcome the superficiality of socialist realism and preserve in literature the psychologism typical of classical Russian prose.

Morozka's image

The heroes are representatives of different walks of life, with different fates, but they were united by the revolution. They found themselves in the same squad, fighting the enemy side by side, experiencing similar feelings every day. The author describes in detail the development of each of them.

Morozka is a miner’s guy who has lived a physically difficult but careless life since childhood. At the age of 12, he already started working in a mine, learned to swear and drink vodka. Fadeev writes that Morozka most likely got into the detachment thoughtlessly, it was simply impossible to do otherwise then. It turns out that he and his wife Varka appeared among the partisans by accident, unconsciously, fate itself led him there. But in the first chapter we see that Morozka values ​​​​his place in the squad and will never leave it, this has become the meaning of his worthless, aimless life. He initially has the ability to implement real honest deeds, but he can also easily commit a low act that disgraces him. Morozka does not betray his comrades, saves Mechik’s life, but then steals melons from Ryabets, with whom he slept under the same blanket and lived with him. Later Morozka changes. The author describes his development as follows: “He also thought that life was becoming more cunning, the old Suchan paths were becoming overgrown, and he had to choose the Road himself.” This suggests that the hero is already quite consciously choosing his path. Then Morozka makes his own decisions. At the trial, he promises that he will never again dare to disgrace their squad, saying that he is ready to shed blood for each of them. The soldier has long become an integral part of the detachment; these are his closest people, for whom he gives his life without hesitation at the end of the novel. The revolution needs such people. There is no egoism in them, and they love their comrades more than themselves.

Levinson's image

Levinson is completely different. He is a detachment commander and is a role model for most partisans. Everyone considers him the strongest, bravest, smartest person who always knows what to do right. In fact, Levinson grew up in an ordinary Jewish family, helped his father sell used furniture, was afraid of mice and was in many ways similar to his partisans. But he knew that he could lead people only by deeply hiding all his fears and anxieties; he must be an example for them to follow. Levinson, just like Morozka, loves his comrades more than himself and his suffering. He knows for sure that there is an important cause for which he lives and is ready to do anything.

Mechik's image

Mechik is the direct opposite of Morozka. A guy from an intelligent family, he graduated from high school and joined the detachment of his own free will, only he had completely different ideas about revolution and struggle, they were too bookish and romantic. In life everything turned out differently, but Mechik did not immediately understand that this was not his environment. The author shows his long path to betrayal.

Fadeev immediately imagines him through the eyes of Morozka, who does not like such too clean people; his experience says that these are unreliable comrades who cannot be trusted. But first Mechik wanted to fight and move; young, hot blood was seething in him. He was not immediately accepted by the partisans, since he was very different from them in appearance. Seeing real, living people - rude, dirty, uncouth - he was disappointed. The character of Mechik is written in the most detail, since it is important to know how seemingly good guys become traitors. Fadeev describes this process in detail. The author writes about him without contempt; he seems to justify his fall from grace. After all, it was the partisans themselves who did not accept him, and the main reason for this was that he belonged to a different class. He was constantly offended, mocked and made fun of. He was always, essentially, alone, and loneliness pushes people to desperate actions. Mechik, unfortunately, did not find himself in his environment, but it was no longer possible to leave on good terms. Fadeev leaves him alive, he will have to live with his betrayal. The hero will be able to justify himself, since more than anything in the world he loves only himself, just as he is. People like him have no place in the revolutionary ranks. He's too weak to fight.

Main problems

When it comes to a big and responsible matter, it is important to understand all its aspects and, if you take on it, to stand until the end. If you rush around, nothing good will come of it. In this sense, the problem of betrayal is central to the novel. It is to her that the author devotes a lot of time and effort. His position is not one-sided: he does not judge, but tries to understand. So he wants to prove to people that they shouldn’t act out of the blue if there’s a traitor in front of them. It is necessary to take into account the reasons that prompted a person to become one. In this case, one cannot blame everything on the class failure of the intelligentsia, as Soviet literary scholars hastened to do on orders from “above.” The roots of moral crime are much deeper, because before us is an almost biblical story: the renunciation of the Apostle Peter from his teacher. This is exactly what Mechik did, and his betrayal was also predicted. This means that the problem of moral choice has faced humanity from the very first day and still stands unchanged. Someone initially does not have the fortitude to defend their beliefs, so at a crossroads they choose a crooked path to save their life.

The author also found the courage to look at the revolution from different points of view. Some imagine it as a romantic aspiration, while others see a real struggle with blood, sweat and death at every turn. However, a realist risks becoming a cynic and a meat grinder, going towards the goal no matter what. And a romantic can break down and go astray at the cost of considerable sacrifices. It is important to maintain a balance and perceive the revolution soberly, but at the same time obey the highest moral laws and follow the ideal without agreeing to compromises.

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The novel by Alexander Fadeev was written at the beginning of the twentieth century, at that time there were two views: social democrats and maximalist socialist revolutionaries. In the novel there are two heroes Morozka and Mechik who have these beliefs. To better understand these areas, we will compare the heroes. The author prompts us to compare them by showing how they behave in different situations in relation to each other and to their comrades.

Morozka and Mechik are completely different people in origin and lifestyle. Morozka is a second generation miner. From the age of twelve he worked in a mine, “did not look for new paths, but followed old, already proven paths.” On the contrary, Mechik was born into an intelligent family, in the city, and he got his ideas about the world from books in which everything was beautiful. In general, when he grew up and entered life, it turned out that he was not at all ready for it. If Morozka was not educated, did not see a beautiful life, but learned to make his way in harsh reality, earning his own piece of bread by rolling heavy trolleys with ore, then Mechik graduated from high school and lived without worries on his parents’ money. Morozka’s appearance is described by its resemblance to a horse: “the same clear, green-brown eyes, the same squat and bow-legged, just as rustically cunning and lascivious”, it differs sharply from the appearance of Mechik, he was “clean”, blond, with curly hair. hair. Raising heroes, like everything else, was different. From an early age, Morozka learned to drink vodka, swear, and lead a wild lifestyle. He had another bad trait - he did not recognize any authorities, but there was also a bright spot - he never betrayed his comrades, for which everyone respected him and considered him their man. But Mechik was a “mama’s boy”; his best pastime was reading books.

Before joining Levinson’s detachment, Morozka visited the front, where he received many wounds, was shell-shocked twice, after which he left on clean terms and joined the partisans. Mechik, having joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Maximalist Party, was sent to Shalbybin’s partisan detachment, and, thirsting for “bookish” exploits, he joined the detachment, but his dreams quickly dissipated at the first meeting with the partisans - they beat him without figuring out who he was. When Shaldyba's detachment was attacked by the Japanese, Mechik was wounded and saved by Morozka, who was sent to take the package to their detachment. So Mechik ended up in Levinson’s squad. From the very first moment of their meeting, Morozka disliked Mechik because he was “clean” and because in this war he came ready-made, although he himself did nothing useful for the country, but was only always present. Then another reason for hatred appeared: his wife Varya fell in love with Mechik, but he soon forgave him, explaining that Mechik was more beautiful than him and it was not his fault. Mechik treated Morozka with both fear and gratitude for salvation, for which he was never able to pay off. Mechik could not understand why he treated him this way and tried to please him.

Those around him treated Morozka differently, he was respected for the fact that he always looked after his horse, kept his weapons clean and never betrayed his comrades, this was the main thing for the partisan, and he was considered one of their own. But there was also a negative side, he was arrogant and did not obey anyone, they wanted to find justice for him and were waiting for the moment. The moment has arrived. One day he could not resist and stole melons from someone else’s garden; he was convicted, but pardoned, taking his word of honor as a miner and partisan that he would reform. Almost no one recognized Mechik because, firstly, he was a maximalist Socialist-Revolutionary, secondly, he could not, or rather did not want to, take care of his weapons and horse, and thirdly, having made friends with Chizh, who taught him to take time off from work, did not comply with the requirements of the detachment commander. The detachment formed the opinion that he was an “impenetrable confusion”, “lazy and weak-willed”, “a worthless barren flower”.

The author sends such completely different people to mortal danger. After all, only in such a situation can you find out who is worth what. Levinson sends Morozka and Mechik on reconnaissance to find out if an ambush awaits them ahead. Morozka understands that in this case you need to forget all personal grievances and act together. He trusted Mechik and let him go ahead, and Mechik dozed off in the saddle and almost fell into the hands of the Cossacks, after which he took off running. Because of this, Morozka was killed, but he still managed to shoot three times upward to warn his people, and at that time Mechik was running for his life. Realizing his guilt, he decided to shoot himself, but, realizing that he was beyond his power, he returned to the city, without thinking about what kind of power there was.

With such actions of the heroes, the author convinces us that people like Morozka can be changed, because he is faithful to his people, and if he gave his word of honor that he would improve, then he will fulfill his promise, even if it costs him his life. And Mechik, just as he was “pure”, will remain so, having betrayed his comrades, he is an egoist, “because more than anything in the world he loved himself.”

It seems to me that the hero’s life positions are not important here, but what is most important is their humanity. I am very upset about Mechik, because he betrayed his savior, he abandoned him, he should have stayed and died with him, and maybe they would have even survived if he had not fallen asleep in the saddle. Yes, this is absurd, to go on reconnaissance and fall asleep! This is complete irresponsibility! And the most important thing is that he was able to live with it without much remorse. Morozka is a hero. Knowing that he was about to die, he fulfilled his duty and died like a real man.

In Fadeev's novel "Destruction", Mechik is the central character. The main character is a rather young man, he can be called a boy. If you look at his surroundings, he absolutely does not fit into them, because he ended up in the circle of partisans. But for him, partisanship is in no way associated with political views, it is pure curiosity. The guy just wanted a little romance, but later he realizes that it is missing.

Initially, Mechik seems to be an educated, tactful and delicate guy. Moreover, compared to the general background of the partisans, he seems like a completely different person. Even a certain old man Pika was close in spirit to Mechik, and he was in favor of not fighting and not killing. Pika was for people to live in harmony with nature. But soon, when you become more immersed in the novel, your opinion about Mechik begins to change. In essence, as a person, he is empty and does not represent anything special. A certain Chizh is quite unpleasant for Mechik, but his cowardice does not allow him to object to Chizh. Once there was a case when Levinson took a pig from a Korean, and this was the only food for him and his family. Mechik knew that the Korean would die of hunger and understood inside that this could not be done. He did not interfere with Levinson in any way, and later ate the same pig along with everyone else.

At his core, Mechik is a person who is irritated by inhumanity and cruelty towards people. But, as a man, he needs to be more courageous, decisive, and firm in his decisions. Reading the novel, one gets the impression that the author has a negative attitude towards Mechik. However, the author does not hide this; he always openly criticizes this hero for certain actions and his thoughts.

What Mechik did to Varya was ugly and inhumane. This girl used to be available to everyone in the squad, but she soon realized that she wanted real feelings. She fell in love with Mechik, but he pushed her away and did not support her in difficult times. Mechik also initially showed interest in this girl. He did not understand that perhaps this was the only person who loved him.

To summarize, we can say that Mechik is not a man at his core, he lacks masculine qualities. He is cowardly and is not ready to say directly what he thinks.

Essay about Mechik

Fadeev’s novel “Destruction” tells us about hard life during the civil war. One of the main characters is Mechik. This is a young boy, very intelligent and educated in his habits, a kind of neat guy among the dirt.

Mechik ends up in a partisan detachment because he is very interested in trying a dangerous life, a different life. He is not sick of a common cause and in many situations shows mercy where a person who gave his life to the red banner would not allow this feeling to awaken in himself. A striking example is the situation with the pig, which was intended for a Korean family, because they were almost dying of hunger. When the soldiers take this pig, Mechik is tormented by doubts and even has the feeling that he is doing something wrong, that this should not be done. It becomes even harder for him to realize this when he himself eats a pig, because hunger is stronger than a person’s sense of morality, because vital instincts take precedence over consciousness.

Mechik is very cowardly and weak in character, because it is precisely his weakness that does not allow him to break off relations with a person who has a bad influence on him and who is even sometimes disgusting to him - with Chizh. His cowardice is also manifested in the fact that he does not want to defend the same idea as the partisans in his detachment, he rejects their actions and methods, but still remains here, does nothing to change anything.

Another example of the boy’s spinelessness is the situation with a patient doomed to death, with Frolov. Mechik overheard a conversation that said that Frolov would be put to sleep, that he would be a burden for the further movement of the detachment. The boy was greatly impressed and forced to do something, but his actions were not enough to stop Levinson.

Another side of the boy’s stay in the detachment is his relationship with the girl, Varya. For the first time she met a man who was different from everyone else in the squad, where she was forced to sleep with everyone, she believed that this was her true love, that her feelings for this boy were different, special. Our hero, unfortunately, does not appreciate her relationship and does not see the tenderness that she brings to him.

From the novel, I learned for myself that Mechik ended up in the wrong place where he should have been in order to build his happiness. In the partisan detachment, he suffers rather than enjoys committing crimes in the name of a common cause. He is afraid of everything that surrounds him, on this basis he even begins to mistreat the girl who fell in love with him, Varya.

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Mechik is one of the main characters in A. Fadeev’s novel “Destruction”. He first appears on the pages of the work when the brave, desperate, slightly reckless Morozka saves him from certain death.
The first characteristic that the writer gives to the hero is very laconic and precise: “clean.” Fadeev writes: “- It hurts, oh... it hurts! - the wounded man groaned as the orderly threw him over the saddle. The guy’s face was pale, mustacheless, clean, although smeared with blood.”
Morozka didn’t like Mechik from the very beginning. And this is what Fadeev says about this: “To tell the truth, Morozka did not like the rescued one at first sight. Morozka did not like clean people. In his life experience, these were fickle, worthless people who could not be trusted.”
Mechik is still very young, almost a boy. He somehow “doesn’t fit in” with the partisans, hardened and hardened by harsh living conditions. Mechik ended up here in the partisan detachment not out of political convictions, but out of curiosity. Romance draws him here. But the very first days of his stay among the Reds very quickly convinced the hero that there was no romance in this class struggle. There is only harsh prose. Mechik felt insulted to the core when, instead of a zealous, muscular horse, he got a pitiful, thin horse, accustomed to peasant plowing: “He felt as if this offensive mare with sloppy hooves was given to him on purpose to humiliate him from the very beginning.”
To tell the truth, while reading the novel, I looked closely at Mechik for a long time, deciding what he was all about. At first I was attracted to this hero by his gentleness, intelligence, and delicacy. These qualities look so advantageous against the backdrop of coarse, constantly swearing partisans. Mechik is attracted to an old man named Pika, to his life philosophy, which is to be close to nature, never kill, never fight. It’s hard not to agree with Pika: indeed, how good it would be if peace reigned on earth, people would forget about hostility and wars.
But gradually, as I got to know young Mechik more closely, I suddenly discovered that he was nothing at all. Mechik is a coward: he does not have the courage to object to Chizh, to break off relations with this two-faced, vile man. Mechik was upset when Levinson took the pig from the Korean, thereby pushing his family to inevitable death by starvation. The shaking, grayish Korean, in a sagging wire hat, from the very first words “begged not to touch his pig.” Mechik’s heart “sank.” “He ran behind the fanza and buried his face in the straw,” everything “stood” before his eyes was the “tear-stained old face, the small figure” of the Korean. Mechik asked himself: “Is it really impossible without this?” He “knew that he himself would never have done this to a Korean, but he ate the pig with everyone else because he was hungry.”
Another striking episode of the novel is the scene of the “murder” of Frolov. Mechik witnessed a conversation between Levinson and doctor Stashinsky. The young man learns about Levinson’s cruel decision to kill Frolov, a man who was seriously wounded and should have died long ago. The squad needs to leave, and Frolov is a burden. The overheard conversation made a terrible impression on Mechik. He rushed to Stashinsky: “- Wait... What are you doing... Wait! I heard everything! “
It’s hard for Mechik to see the suffering of an old Korean man doomed to starvation; he is frightened by Levinson’s cruelty, who for the sake of the “common cause” is ready to take a person’s life. But Mechik ate the poor Korean’s pig along with everyone else! And he kept secret the terrible secret that Frolov did not die a natural death, but was poisoned!
Yes, Mechik is a gentle person, he is offended by cruelty, inhumanity, and everything that class struggle brings with it. He lacks courage, firmness, will. All this hero is capable of is to slowly, like a thief, escape from the partisan detachment: “I don’t want to endure this anymore,” Mechik thought with unexpected frankness and sobriety, and he felt very sorry for himself.” And it is no coincidence that Fadeev draws our attention to the thoughts of his young hero: “I am no longer able to bear this, I can no longer live such a low, inhuman, terrible life,” he thought again, to become even more pitiful and in the light of these pitiful thoughts bury your own nakedness and meanness.” I think the author’s attitude towards Mechik is negative. The author manifests it openly, calling the thoughts of his hero “pathetic”, “vile”.
Mechik’s attitude towards Varya doesn’t look good either. Varya fell in love with this man. Probably, in the heart of a girl who cannot refuse a single man and who gave herself to almost every partisan in her detachment, there lives a longing for a real feeling. Mechik attracted her with his difference from the rough partisans, and seemed to Varya to be the only man. The girl was drawn to him, and Mechik, for his part, was also drawn to Varya at first. But the hero is not given the opportunity to appreciate her selfless love. And in general, how can you call a man a man who rudely pushes away a woman who rushed to him to support him in difficult times? Moreover, this woman is the only person in the whole world who loves him: “- Where?.. Oh, let me go...” he rushed and pushed her away, clanking his teeth. The sword rushed again, almost hitting her! But Varya herself is scared. It was Mechik, on the grounds that he was a man, who should have supported and consoled Varya!
Mechik is afraid that the detachment will find out about his relationship with Varya. I think the delicate, intelligent, humane Mechik lacks the qualities without which a man cannot be called a man. He is cowardly, unmanly, and does not know how to approach people or express his views directly. This hero gains freedom at the cost of betrayal.

Essay on literature on the topic: Characteristics of Mechik (based on the novel “Destruction” by A. Fadeev)

Other writings:

1. A. Fadeev’s novel “Destruction” can be called innovative. This is manifested in the author’s sufficient objectivity in covering events and characters. Fadeev's heroes are not divided into strictly positive and negative, they are more vital and ambiguous. The most striking characters in the novel, of course, can be called Read More......
2. A. Fadeev’s novel “Destruction” tells the story of one of the episodes of the partisan movement during the civil war. He focuses on three main images. The detachment is headed by Levinson. The image of the red commander Levinson is a kind of discovery by Fadeev: his innovation in Read More ......
3. The novel by Alexander Fadeev was written at the beginning of the twentieth century, at that time there were two views: social democrats and maximalist socialist revolutionaries. In the novel there are two heroes Morozka and Mechik who have these beliefs. To better understand these areas, we will compare the heroes. To compare them Read More......
4. I The ideological meaning of the novel. II The formation of the hero in the novel: 1) Former shepherd and miner - Metelitsa and Morozka; 2) Intellectuals Levinson and Mechik. III Historical and moral value of the novel. Fadeev wrote the novel “Destruction” over three years from 1924 to Read More ......
5. Reading A. Fadeev’s novel “Destruction,” you involuntarily think about who Russia needs more: a thinking, educated, knowledgeable and understanding person, or an unquestioning executor of someone else’s will. At all times, truly talented and intelligent people in our country have been blocked by all means. Read More......
6. The theme of the novel “Destruction” is a depiction of the civil war in the Far East, showing the difficult struggle of the Red partisans against the White Guards and the Japanese. The idea of ​​the work was very successfully formulated by Fadeev himself in the article “My literary experience for a beginning author” (1932): “What are the main ideas of the novel? First Read More......
7. A. Fadeev defined the main idea of ​​the novel “Destruction” as follows: “In a civil war, a selection of human material occurs... Everything that is unable to fight is eliminated... A remaking of people occurs.” No matter how contradictory the assessment of the events of the civil war may be from the standpoint of today, Fadeev’s undoubted merit is that Read More ......
8. Many works of Russian literature are devoted to the theme of revolution and civil war. Most of them were written in the 20s of the last century, “hot on the heels” of events. Of course, a huge number of these works illuminated one, Soviet, point of view on the global changes that took place in the country. Read More......

Characteristics of Mechik (based on the novel by A. Fadeev “Destruction”) Describing his novel, Fadeev pointed out that during the civil war human selection occurs. Those who cannot or do not know how to fight are automatically eliminated. This became the main idea of ​​“Destruction”. By showing not the victory of the Red Army, but the defeat of one of its detachments, the author was able to deeply reveal the characters’ characters with the help of dramatic events.

The images of Morozok and the rest of the squad are contrasted with Mechik. The guy ends up joining the partisans because of his thirst for adventure, which he read about in books. Born into a family of intellectuals, he graduated from high school, continuing to live without worries at the expense of his parents.

His romantic ideas about revolution separate Paul from the rest. Disappointment leads to despair; he would like to escape. He is stopped only by the contradiction of such an act to everything good that, in Mechik’s opinion, prevailed in him. Thoughts about the desertion of this character characterize him as a vain youth. Pavel came to the detachment not to serve the cause, but to amuse his pride and show off his valor.

Having received an old nag from the detachment commander, out of resentment and self-pity, he does not care for the horse. This speaks of Paul's frivolous attitude towards the class struggle. Mechik does not have his own position; he condemns the cruel actions of the commander and his entourage, but does not contradict them. In the situation with a hungry Korean whose pig was taken away, the young man feels sorry for the old man, but at the same time he eats meat with everyone else. The same thing happened with the death of Frolov. Mechik knows that the wounded soldier was poisoned, but continues to keep the secret.

Fadeev shows the guy as a weak-willed young man who does not know how to stand up for himself. They mock him in the detachment, mocking him for the fact that he even eats poorly - he eats less than a pound of bread. For his inability to care for his helpless animal, which wanders hungry around the stable, he is called a lazy nerd.

Pavel’s love relationship with Varvara doesn’t look good either. He leaves her because of his cowardice, fear that the squad will find out about them. Although the girl is the only person who tries to support and encourage him.

The weakness and cowardice of this character pushes him to flee. This act culminated in the betrayal of his comrades, which cost the death of many soldiers. After the defeat of the detachment, the fugitive realizes the consequences of his deed, but does not suffer for long. Condemning himself, he already feels saving freedom, and remorse no longer worries Mechik so much. Joy overwhelms him from the thought that now he can run to a place where no one will know about this act.

With the image of Mechik Fadeev showed that immature people who are not yet ready for the revolutionary struggle are automatically eliminated.