Monument to Robin Hood - the hero of English folk ballads. Great Britain, Nottingham. Sculptor: D. Woodford. Opened in 1952. Bronze figure in medieval armor with an arrow and bow on Robin Hood's Green Lawn. There is a sculpture of Robin Hood in Sherwood Forest, where a brave band of daredevils once lived, robbing the rich to help the poor. - Where did you come from, shooter, and what is your name? My home is Sherwood Forest, And my name is Robin Hood! Read: Yuryev V. Monuments are erected not only to great people / V. Yuryev // Why?.-2000.-No.9.-P.22-24.

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“Heroes of works” - What actions are heroes capable of in the 16th–11th centuries? Bulgakov. What do you think Emelyan Pugachev was thinking about? By what characteristics of a hero can one determine an era? Which of the characters seemed funny? Who owns the phrase: “no matter what happens”? What are the characters in the story talking about? The Dragon. Visiting Gogol. Hero and time. “Righteous” - I conducted a survey among visitors to the popular site “VKONTAKTE”. The cure for all ailments, melancholy and despair for Matryona was work. Introduction: A.I. Solzhenitsyn: “Matryonin’s yard.” After talking with a student at the Theological Seminary, I received an answer to my question. Defendant 3: “For me, perhaps, there are no such concepts - the righteous and the unrighteous. Municipal educational institution "Secondary school No. 15 with UIOP". Monument to Loyalty. The sculpture does not have a pedestal: Bim sits directly on the ground. Bender climbed onto the pedestal on Station Square. The grand opening took place on City Day, July 22, 1995. Monuments to the heroes Ilf and Petrov. Symbol of the country, symbol of love.

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Everything that unites these characters - people's love and support. Some became famous for their selfless actions in the fight against foreigners or enemies of the state, while others became famous for their direct and literal service to the people. the site presents seven folk heroes, real and not so real.

Robin Hood

Robin Hood monument in Nottingham

The identity of this man has not been established - whether he actually lived or is only a hero of English legends and ballads is not known for sure. But its popularity is enormous. There are at least two versions of the origin of this character - according to one, he was a free peasant, according to the other, he was a nobleman who faced some kind of injustice. They say that he could be the Earl of Huntington.

The real existence of Robin Hood is unknown to this day.

When the prototype of this hero lived is also not entirely clear. According to Walter Scott's artistic version, Richard was a contemporary of Robin Hood Lion Heart(that is we're talking about about the 12th century). However, according to other sources, the hero of English folk ballads lived later - at the beginning of the 14th century, during the reign of King Edward II. The habitat of this noble robber is called Sherwood Forest, which is located near Nottingham. Well, everyone knows what Robin Hood became famous for since childhood - with his forest gang he robbed the rich and gave what he got to the poor.

William Tell

Monument to William Tell in Altdorf

The cruel “Black Duke” Adolf of Nassau, after coming to power in Germany, established special orders in the lands subordinate to the empire, which few people liked. Among the dissatisfied were residents of the canton of Uri, a mountainous region of Switzerland, who have always been distinguished by their freedom-loving disposition. To check whether a rebellion was brewing, the Emperor's viceroy, Gesler, hung a ducal hat on Altdorf Square and ordered everyone to bow to it every time they passed by. Only the young peasant William Tell disobeyed.

Archer Tell shot at an apple placed on his son's head and hit

He was given a test: he had to use a bow to knock an apple off his head. own son. By the way, folk hero he succeeded, but then he admitted that if he had missed, he would have killed the governor with another arrow. Later, according to legend, he still shot Gesler, when the canton’s struggle against the invaders had already become completely open. As in the case of Robin Hood, the reality of the character is questioned, this is due to the lack of documentary references to Tell's name and the fact that only his feat is known in detail. But archer heroes are favorite characters in myths and legends of various nations.

Joan of Arc

Monument to Joan of Arc in Paris

The national heroine of France was born in 1412 at the height of the Hundred Years' War on the border of Champagne and Lorraine. At the age of 13, the girl first heard the voices of the Archangel Michael and Saint Catherine of Alexandria - in one of her visions she was destined to liberate Orleans and expel the invaders from the country. In 1429, 16-year-old Jeanne actually lifted the siege of the city, but, unfortunately, a year later she was captured by the Burgundians, who sold her to the British. In 1431, the Inquisition tried Maid of Orleans, accusing her of heresy, and then burned her at the stake. A few years after her death, Joan of Arc was rehabilitated and then canonized.

Ivan Susanin

Monument to Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich and peasant Ivan Susanin in Kostroma

Little is known about the life of Ivan Susanin - he was a serf of the Shestov nobles. It was in their possessions that the young Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich took refuge, whom the Zemsky Sobor elected to the throne at the beginning of 1612. Susanin, according to some sources, was the Shestovs' clerk in Domnina or the patrimonial headman. Therefore, the Poles, who were looking for Mikhail Romanov in order to deal with him, turned to this already venerable man.

For hiding the Tsar, Ivan Susanin was chopped up by the Poles “into small pieces”

However, Susanin sent his son-in-law Bogdan Sabinin to warn the tsar and his mother (they were in Domnina), and he himself led the killers further away - towards the village of Isupov, past the Clean Swamp. Mikhail Fedorovich took refuge in the Kostroma Ipatiev Monastery, and the Poles, who learned about the deception, subjected Susanin brutal torture and chopped “into small pieces.” Naturally, he was revered in tsarist times, and it is just as natural that in Soviet monument Susanina was destroyed. The “rehabilitation” of the “servant of the Tsar” took place in 1938, when the heroic defenders of the Motherland were again held in high esteem.

Miguel Hidalgo

Monument to Miguel Hidalgo in front of his church in Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato state

Catholic priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla spoke to the people on September 15, 1808, when a political crisis was brewing in Mexico. Hidalgo's "Cry of Dolores" marked the beginning of the War of Independence against Spanish rule. Despite the successful actions of the rebels, Hidalgo was captured - the tribunal found him guilty of treason. The leader of the Mexican Revolution was shot on July 30, 1811, but the struggle did not end there - and in 1821 Mexico gained independence.

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Monument to Giuseppe Garibaldi in Nice

The national hero of Italy spent a long time outside his homeland - for participation in the Mazzini rebellion, he was sentenced to death in absentia. In 1848, Garibaldi returned to Italy, where an uprising broke out against Austrian rule - however, after successful actions against the occupiers, the revolutionary forces were defeated. After another long emigration, Garibaldi returned to Italy and sided with Victor Emmanuel - starting in 1860, he participated in various campaigns against the interventionists aimed at unifying the country. Garibaldi died in 1882, an honorary "pensioner" with an annuity of 100 thousand lire.

Ulysses Simpson Grant was also a president, but became famous as a military leader

Ulysses Grant

Ulysses Simpson Grant, mid-1870s

In general, Grant was also an American president at one time, but researchers assess this period rather reservedly. He became much more famous as a commander, becoming a true American national hero. He was born into a poor family, received military education, but soon became a farmer, and later helped his father with a tannery.

During the Civil War, a detachment of volunteers was formed in Galena, Illinois, and installed Grant as its commander. Soon all volunteer units in northern Missouri came under his command, and Grant received the rank of brigadier general. He sought incredible success in the campaign at an incredible price. Having relied on the exhaustion of the enemy, he did not spare the strength of his units. The famous General William Sherman wrote that best quality Grant was completely unwilling to take into account what the enemy could do to him. In 1865, the result of bloody battles led by Grant was the surrender of General Lee. On this Civil War ended.

Hello my beloved readers.

Nottingham Castle, the Robin Hood monument, theaters and galleries - all this undoubtedly attracts tourists to this wonderful place in the heart of the Kingdom.

Do you want to know more about the city of the famous robber?

Then let's begin!

The calling card of this place is the same Robin Hood. It is believed that the place was his home. Nearby is Sherwood Forest, famous for its huge oak trees. And, of course, also by the fact that it was in it that Robin Hood was hiding. By the way, many buildings, streets and even festivals are named after this fictional - and maybe existing - hero.

The story of the brave robber is so popular here that a festival dedicated to him is held annually, and a sculpture of him stands near the main castle of the city. At the festival, residents have fun throughout the week, sing songs, dance and put on various performances.

But in the past, the place was also famous for its textile industry. There are simply legends about local lace. Local needlewomen sold homemade lace near the main castle of the city. Only then did mass production appear.

If we talk about architecture, then, undoubtedly, the eye will be drawn to Nottingham Castle of the 11th century. And it still stands today, although now not as a residence, but only as a museum. A beer festival is held annually on the castle grounds.

In addition to this castle, there are also several historical palaces preserved here, which will definitely appeal to history buffs. For example, the largest building of the Middle Ages has been preserved here - the Church of St. Mary.

The city supports any activity. Not surprisingly, various casinos and pubs are very common here. Restaurants and cafes offer almost all types of cuisines: from national to Indian. By the way, here the size of a tip in a restaurant depends on its level. If the restaurant is high class, then tips are always included in the bill, and if more a budget option- then the usual tip here is 5-7%.

Nottingham surprisingly combines the authenticity of the past in the form of narrow streets and crowded neighborhoods with modern reality. Almost every couple of meters on the street you can see another pub.

In medieval England, many songs and ballads were written about the cheerful Robin Hood, the defender of the oppressed. They were performed by wandering glimen musicians in the green meadows to the lingering hum of bagpipes. The people learned from these legends about the free Sherwood Forest, about the sharp shooters hiding in the reserved thickets, and how they fought with feudal lords, sheriffs and greedy monks.

Robin Hood, as the ballads say, lived in the second half of the 12th century - during the reign of King Henry II. At that time, the Saxons, the last representatives of the ancient population of England, took refuge in Sherwood Forest. This freedom-loving people did not want to submit to the power of the conquerors, foreign laws and customs. They lived in the forest, keeping military organization, which distinguished them from simple highway robbers: they attacked only rich Normans, their judges, priests and monks. And Robin Hood was the leader of just such noble robbers. Together with his brave and cheerful friends, he took away lands from the rich and distributed money to the poor. The chronicler of that time says only a few words about him.

Among people deprived of property, Robin Hood was then famous, whom the common people so love to present as the hero of their games and comedies and whose history, sung by minstrels, occupies the Saxons more than all other stories.

That's all that is said about Robin Hood by the chronicler of that era, but his popularity was so great that for centuries, residents of cities and villages annually (usually on one of May days) organized ceremonial games in honor of their favorite hero - a holiday of spring and forest. On this day, all of England postponed their business and activities, “churches and workshops were empty; neither the saint nor the preachers could win victory over the people’s favorite on this day.” Residents from all over the country dressed up in green caftans and went to the forest, where they held archery competitions and acted out scenes from the life of Robin Hood and his friends. This day was celebrated for almost 400 years, and the English Bishop Latimer, who lived in the 16th century, complained that the church of a small town near London was empty when he wanted to preach a sermon in it. Some man said, “Sir, we cannot listen to your sermon today because we are celebrating Robin Hood's day. All our parishioners are in the forest, and you would wait in vain for them.”

Any Englishman is confident in the historical existence of Robin Hood, but there are scientists who sometimes decide to completely change the idea of ​​him that has been established throughout the world. For example, in the 60s of the last century, a message appeared that Professor C. Wykills was preparing to write a similar book: this news was greeted with hostility throughout England, but especially hostilely in the county of Nottinghamshire. The authorities firmly stated that they would not allow the county's own legends and part of its history to be stolen. Like, we know these researchers: every two or three years they come up with another theory that Robin Hood, they say, did not exist at all; and if there was, it was completely different; and if so, then he lived not in Nottinghamshire, but in some other county...

This time the professor argued that there were many Robin Hoods, it’s hard to even say how many. After the conquest of England by the Normans, many Saxon feudal lords - barons, baronets, earls, etc. - all who lost their land, went into the forests. And everyone who fought with the king at that time and took refuge in the forests was called Robin Hood, which means “forest bird.” The noble Saxons, although they became victims of the Norman conquerors, were envious and treacherous in their attitude towards each other and only robbed the peasants. The Norman kings, in contrast, sought to unite the country and, as a result, deprive the Saxon barons of power. In this policy of unification, sheriffs became assistants to the kings, establishing themselves in Nottingham Castle and the castles of other counties. Their task was to constantly monitor the implementation of royal laws, and the Saxon barons soon turned into ordinary robbers, ready to attack the next person they met.

And such “Robin Hoods” did not give anything to the poor, because the poor did not live in the forests. Therefore, it is difficult to believe, the professor claims, that the defenders of the oppressed came out of the forests to benefit some poor man. If this happened, it was not an act of charity: the forest robbers simply paid for the silence of those whom they encountered from time to time, because large ransoms were always assigned for their heads.

This was the case until the reign of King Henry II, and then the aristocrats who retired to the forests realized that they could not compete with the king, and began to seek support from Richard the Lionheart, known for his military prowess. If the barons had succeeded in placing him on the English throne, they would have regained their former rights. And indeed: as soon as Richard the Lionheart put on the crown, the barons returned to their castles in triumph, and peasants and yeomen flocked to the forests. When Richard went on a crusade and died there, his brother John became the legitimate monarch. The last hour had struck for the barons: under the Sherwood oak, nicknamed “parliamentary”, King John announced his decision to eliminate the power of the noble robbers. The times of "Robin Hood" are over - the era of the legends of Robin Hood has begun.

So in general view The main points put forward by the professor in his book look like. However, this is not the first time that history has threatened to crush myth with facts, and has at least one legend perished under the weight of historical evidence? They also said about Shakespeare that he did not exist or that he did not write a single line himself. Therefore, as the residents of the village of Mirfold say, all these scientists can be smashed into pieces, but the legend will still remain. And therefore, visitors to the small village tavern “Three Nuns” are surrounded by stained glass windows depicting the main characters of legends and ballads: Robin Hood himself, Little John, Brother Tuck and the abbess of the monastery, Elizabeth Stainton, with whom the wounded Robin Hood took refuge. From the monastery window, the brave leader of the free riflemen fired the last arrow and said to Little John: “Where it falls, bury me there.” The arrow flew to Sherwood Forest, where it pierced the ground near an ancient oak tree. Then grass grew on the grave, and now no one knows where Robin Hood rests.

The legendary oak is many years old, but it still looks young. Its trunk is powerful and thick, its strong roots swell up, like claws clinging to the ground. Only the branches do not seem to withstand the weight of many centuries, and people supported them with struts and steel chains. After all, this is not just an oak, this is a remarkable tree - a Robin Hood oak! Below him were troops of his forest comrades, here they discussed plans for an attack on the bishops, the king's guards and the sheriff's men from Nottingham Castle. Here brave archers feasted, cutting up the carcasses of wild boars and deer, taken with well-aimed arrows; here they drank and sang, interrogated prisoners and jokingly fought with each other.

In Nottingham itself there is a street, a tavern and even an entire district named after Robin Hood. In 1952, city residents solemnly unveiled a monument to the glorious defender of the oppressed. The famous English sculptor D. Woodforth depicted the hero with a drawn bow, which Robin Hood points towards Nottingham Castle. The author of the monument did not forget about his cheerful companions: the sculptor recreated scenes from the life of Little John and other friends of Robin Hood in small figurines surrounding the central figure, and in medallions on the castle wall...

At first, the Robin Hood monument adorned one of the squares in Nottingham, but then it was moved to the castle courtyard. This was done out of necessity, because souvenir hunters were too persistent in trying to steal the hero’s bow and arrows. So Robin Hood ended up in a place where during his lifetime he never thought of seeking refuge...

Construction of the Nottingham residential complex is planned to begin in the Minsk region in 2011, Alan Clark, a member of the Nottingham city council and executive committee, said today, who arrived in the Belarusian capital as part of a delegation from this British city.

The name was not chosen by chance. Minsk and Nottingham are twin cities. For more than 50 years, the cities have maintained close friendly relations, embodying joint projects. Since the complex will be in the British style, it was decided to give it an appropriate name. Official permission to use the same name of the complex, which will become one of the largest construction projects in Belarus, was given by the head of the Nottingham City Council. The project will be implemented by UnivestStroyInvest JLLC, one of the leading enterprises of the Univest-M group of companies.

“Our delegation is received very warmly in Minsk. Yesterday, we discussed the construction of the Nottingham residential complex in the suburbs of Minsk with representatives of the Univest-M group of companies. And today we visited the site of the future complex,” said Alan Clark.

Answering the question BELTA, in what exactly the British style will be manifested, a member of the Nottingham City Council and Executive Committee noted that the British will share experience in project management, general engineering and design.

“We have seen some drawings and drawings and they already reflect the Nottingham style. There will also be joint work on the design of residential buildings. We will share our experience in the external decoration of houses,” said the foreign guest and added that the delegation included engineers, planning experts, architects and even a financing specialist. In particular, it is planned to attract several sources to the project, including foreign investments.

The Nottingham residential complex will be located in picturesque place near the biological reserve of republican significance “Stiklevo”, which is two kilometers from the Minsk ring road. This is a large-scale project both in terms of the size of the territory and the planned population. It is planned to build more than 850 thousand square meters of housing on 290 hectares for 21 thousand people. The architecture of Nottingham is based on the traditions of Belarusian and European urban planning. The project selected predominantly low- and mid-rise buildings, as well as several estate zones. The houses form internal courtyards with the possibility of parking. 6 functional zones will be built on the territory: residential, sports, community centers and social service facilities, landscape and recreational areas, industrial and communal areas, streets and roads. Transport links with Minsk have also been carefully thought out. A new one will be built here soon highway. And the fifteen-minute accessibility of the Mogilevskaya and Uruchye metro stations will allow future residents to short time get to any point in the capital.

According to the plan, the residential complex will have 4 kindergartens, 3 schools with in-depth study in English, clinic, pharmacies, medical centers. The project includes all the necessary functionality for physical education and various types sports: it is planned to build stadiums, skating rinks, swimming pools, tennis courts, a roller ski track and open areas for physical education. Hotels, offices, shops, shopping centers, restaurants and cafes, entertainment facilities will complement the infrastructure of Belarusian Nottingham. A monument to the hero of the English epic Robin Hood, which the British side has expressed its readiness to erect, will fit organically into the development.