Which works of Russian classics depict the morals of bureaucracy and in what ways do these works have something in common with Gogol’s “The Inspector General”?

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Bobchinsky<...>We had just arrived at the hotel when suddenly a young man...

Dobchinsky (interrupting). Not bad looking, in a private dress...

: Bobchinsky. Not bad-looking, in a particular dress, walks around the room like that, and in his face there’s a kind of reasoning... physiognomy... actions, and here (twirls his hand near his forehead). many, many things. It was as if I had a presentiment and said to Pyotr Ivanovich: “There’s something here for a reason, sir.” Yes. And Pyotr Ivanovich already blinked his finger and called the innkeeper, sir, the innkeeper Vlas: his wife gave birth to him three weeks ago, and such a perky boy will, just like his father, run the inn. Pyotr Ivanovich called Vlas and asked him quietly: “Who, he says, is this young man? “- and Vlas answers this: “This,” he says... Eh, don’t interrupt, Pyotr Ivanovich, please don’t interrupt; you won’t tell, by God you won’t tell: you whisper; you, I know, have one tooth whistling in your mouth... “This is, he says, a young man, an official,” yes, sir, “coming from St. Petersburg, and his last name, he says, is Ivan Aleksandrovich Khlestakov, sir, but he’s going, he says, to the Saratov province and, he says, he attests himself in a very strange way: he’s been living for another week, he’s not leaving the tavern, he’s taking everything into his account and doesn’t want to pay a penny.” As he told me this, and so it was brought to my senses from above. “Eh! “I say to Pyotr Ivanovich...

Dobchinsky. No, Pyotr Ivanovich, it was I who said: “eh! »

Bobchinsky. First you said it, and then I said it too. “Eh! - Pyotr Ivanovich and I said. - Why on earth should he sit here when his road lies to the Saratov province? "Yes, sir. But he is this official.

Mayor. Who, what official?

Bobchinsky. The official about whom you deigned to receive a lecture is an auditor.

Mayor (in fear). What are you, God bless you! it's not him.

Dobchinsky. He! and he doesn’t pay money and doesn’t go. Who else should it be if not him? And the road ticket is registered in Saratov.

Bobchinsky. He, he, by God he... So observant: he examined everything. He saw that Pyotr Ivanovich and I were eating salmon, more because Pyotr Ivanovich was talking about his stomach... yes, he looked into our plates. I was filled with fear.

Mayor. Lord, have mercy on us sinners! Where does he live there?

Dobchinsky. In the fifth room, under the stairs.

Bobchinsky. In the same room where visiting officers fought last year.

Mayor. How long has he been here?

Dobchinsky. And it’s already two weeks. Came to see Vasily the Egyptian.

Mayor. Two weeks! (To the side.) Fathers, matchmakers! Bring it out, holy saints! In these two weeks the non-commissioned officer's wife was flogged! The prisoners were not given provisions! There's a tavern on the streets, it's unclean! Disgrace! vilification! (He grabs his head.)

Artemy Filippovich. Well, Anton Antonovich? - Parade to the hotel.

Ammos Fedorovich. No no! Put your head forward, the clergy, the merchants; here in the book “The Acts of John Mason”...

Mayor. No no; let me do it myself. There have been difficult situations in life, we went, and even received thanks. Perhaps God will bear it now. (Addressing Bobchinsky.) You say he is a young man?

Bobchinsky. Young, about twenty-three or four years old.

Mayor. So much the better: you’ll get wind of the young man sooner. It’s a disaster if the old devil is the one who’s young and the one at the top. You, gentlemen, get ready for your part, and I will go on my own, or at least with Pyotr Ivanovich, privately, for a walk, to see if those passing by are in trouble...

N. V. Gogol “The Inspector General”

Indicate the genre to which N.V. Gogol’s play “The Inspector General” belongs.

Explanation.

N.V. Gogol's play “The Inspector General” belongs to the comedy genre. Let's give a definition.

Comedy is a dramatic work that, through satire and humor, ridicules the vices of society and man.

In the comedy, Gogol denounces lazy and careless officials who are rushing about because of the arrival of the “auditor”. A small town is a miniature copy of the state.

Answer: comedy.

Answer: comedy

Name a literary movement that flourished in the second half of the 19th century and whose principles were embodied in Gogol’s play.

Explanation.

This literary movement is called realism. Let's give a definition.

Realism is a truthful depiction of reality.

Realism in The Inspector General is shown by typical characters of that time: careless officials.

Answer: realism.

Answer: Realism

The above fragment conveys a lively conversation between the characters. What is this form of communication between characters in a work of fiction called?

Explanation.

This form of communication is called dialogue. Let's give a definition.

Dialogue is a conversation between two or more persons in a work of fiction. In a dramatic work, the dialogue of the characters is one of the main artistic means for creating an image and character.

Answer: dialogue.

Answer: dialogue|polylogue

Indicate the term that denotes the author's comments and explanations during the action of the play (“interrupting,” “in fear,” etc.)

Explanation.

Such author's comments are called remarks. Let's give a definition. A remark is a commentary by the author that complements the content of the work.

Answer: remark.

Answer: remark|remarks

The action of the play is based on the confrontation between officials of the city of N and the imaginary auditor. What is the name of confrontation, confrontation that serves as a stimulus for the development of action?

Explanation.

This confrontation is called conflict. Let's give a definition.

Conflict is a clash of opposing views of characters in epic, drama, works of the lyric-epic genre, as well as in lyrics, if there is a plot in it. The conflict is realized in the verbal and physical actions of the characters. The conflict unfolds through the plot.

Answer: conflict.

Answer: Conflict

Julia Milach 02.03.2017 16:26

In training books, answers to such tasks are written “antithesis/contrast,” which implies that both options are correct. Even among the tasks on your website that ask the same thing, somewhere the antithesis is recognized as the correct answer, and somewhere a contrast.

Tatiana Statsenko

Conflict is not the same as contrast. What is the contrast in this task?

The scenes of reading the letter and the appearance of Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky with the news about the auditor set the course for the main events of the play. Indicate the term denoting this stage of action development.

Explanation.

This stage of development is called the beginning. Let's give a definition.

The plot is the event that begins the development of action in a literary work.

Mayor. I invited you, gentlemen, in order to tell you some very unpleasant news: an auditor is coming to visit us.

Ammos Fedorovich. How's the auditor?

Artemy Filippovich. How's the auditor?

Mayor. Inspector from St. Petersburg, incognito. And with a secret order.

Ammos Fedorovich. Here you go! "..."

Answer: connection.

Answer: Tie

Explanation.

The morals of officialdom are a topical topic for Russian classical literature of the 19th century. The theme raised by Gogol in “The Inspector General”, “The Overcoat”, brilliantly developed by him in “Dead Souls”, was reflected in the stories of A.P. Chekhov: “Fat and Thin”, “Death of an Official” and others. The distinctive features of officials in the works of Gogol and Chekhov are bribery, stupidity, money-grubbing, inability to develop and fulfill the main function assigned to them - managing a city, province, state. Let us remember the officials of the county town from Dead Souls. Their interests are limited to their own pockets and entertainment, they see the meaning of life in reverence for rank, and the officials in the above excerpt from “The Inspector General” appear like this before us. Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky, Ammos Fedorovich, even the mayor - each of them has something to fear, this fear does not allow them to consider Khlestakov’s true face, but they are frantically trying to get out of an unpleasant situation by any means. In Chekhov’s stories, the official is so insignificant that he is ready to die from fear of a higher rank (“Death of an Official”), this is the path from Gogol’s official to Chekhov’s official - complete degradation.

The main character of N. V. Gogol’s play “The Inspector General” is the district town of N. This is a collective image that includes both the city itself and its inhabitants, their morals, customs, outlook on life, etc.
The work is preceded by an epigraph taken by the playwright from folklore: “There is no point in blaming the mirror if your face is crooked.” Thus, the author warns readers that everything he described is the truth, and not fiction or, especially, slander.

Gogol depicts the life of a typical city, of which there were many throughout Russia. It is no coincidence that he does not give it a specific name. The author has in mind a certain city, of which there are many examples. We learn that it is located in the very outback (“from here, even if you ride for three years, you won’t reach any state”). The “set” of officials leading the city is completely typical: a judge, a trustee of charitable institutions, a superintendent of schools, a postmaster. And all this, like a little king, is ruled by the mayor.
The author shows us the life of all spheres of the city, how they are managed. And we understand that everything here is absolutely typical for Russia and is relevant today.
It is important that we get a fairly complete picture of the county town. In our head we have an idea of ​​it as an architectural object. The main action of the play takes place in the mayor's house. In addition, we are transported to the tavern where the imaginary auditor stopped. From the remarks and words of the characters, we get an idea of ​​the meager furnishings in Khlestakov’s room.
In addition, from the characters’ dialogues we learn other information about the city: about the bridge, about the old fence near the shoemaker, about that and near this fence “a lot of rubbish is piled up,” about the booth where pies are sold. We also know that in the city there is a school, government offices, a post office, a hospital, and so on. But all this is in an abandoned and deplorable state, because officials do not care about this at all. They are primarily interested in their own benefit. Based on this, all city management is built.
In addition to the bureaucracy, N. is also inhabited by other classes. The auditor, giving orders, speaks about citizenship, clergy, merchants, and philistines. From the very beginning, we learn that all these classes suffer oppression and insults from officials: “What did you do with the merchant Chernyaev - huh? He gave you two arshins of cloth for your uniform, and you stole the whole thing. Look! You’re not taking it according to rank!”
We get to know representatives of different classes directly. They all come with requests to the “official” Khlestakov. First, the merchants “beat him with their foreheads.” They complain about the mayor, who “inflicts such insults that it is impossible to describe.” It is important that merchants are ready to give bribes, but “everything must be in moderation.”
In addition, a mechanic and a non-commissioned officer’s wife come to Khlestakov. And they also complain about the mayor, who does whatever he wants in the city. And nothing dictates him - neither the law nor his conscience.
Thus, we understand that all residents of the city, regardless of their social and financial status, have one thing in common - the brazen excesses of officials.
We are convinced of them throughout the play. The very first sin of the mayor and his charges is bribery and theft. All officials care only about their own pockets, thinking little about the inhabitants of the city. At the very beginning of the play, we see how the sick are treated in N., how children are taught, how justice works there. Patients in the city are “dying like flies,” public places are a mess and dirty, school teachers are drunk every day, and so on. We understand that city residents are not considered people - this is just a means to live well and fill your wallet.
But the officials themselves are not happy with life in N. We see that the mayor, like his family, dreams of St. Petersburg. This is where real life is! And Khlestakov, with his fictitious stories, awakens these dreams in Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky, makes him hope.

The morals of Russian officials are one of the common themes in literature.

She is one of the central characters in A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit.” Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin, the secretary of the Moscow “ace”, who received three awards and the rank of assessor, in my opinion, has much in common with the heroes of N.V. Gogol’s play “The Inspector General”: just like the officials of the city of N, who diligently pleased Khlestakov in everything , who was mistaken for an “important person,” Molchalin considered it his task to win the favor of influential and rich people. A readiness for servility and sycophancy is what unites the heroes of these comedies.

A. S. Pushkin’s story “Dubrovsky” clearly shows the morals of the guardians of “order and justice,” representatives of the state administrative system, very similar to the world painted by N. V. Gogol. These are judicial officials, a striking example of which is assessor Shabashkin, a reliable instrument for carrying out the vengeful plans of the landowner Troekurov, a man of such corruption and meanness that even those who use his services abhor him.

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Which works of Russian classics depict the morals of bureaucracy and in what ways do these works have something in common with Gogol’s The Inspector General?

What works of Russian writers depict the morals of officials and what makes these works similar to N.V. Gogol’s play “The Inspector General”?

“The Inspector” N.V. Gogol

Mayor. It is my duty, as the mayor of this city, to ensure that there is no harassment to travelers and all noble people...

Khlestakov (at first he stutters a little, but by the end of his speech he speaks loudly). But what can I do?.. It’s not my fault... I’ll really pay... They’ll send it to me from the village.

Bobchinsky looks out of the door.

He is more to blame: he serves me beef as hard as a log; and the soup - God knows what he splashed in there, I had to throw it out the window. He starved me for days on end... The tea is so strange: it stinks of fish, not tea. Why am I... Here's the news!

Mayor (timid). Sorry, it's really not my fault. The beef at my market is always good. They are brought by Kholmogory merchants, people who are sober and of good behavior. I don't know where he gets one from. And if something goes wrong, then... Let me invite you to move with me to another apartment.

Khlestakov. No, I don't want to! I know what it means to another apartment: that is, to prison. What right do you have? How dare you?.. Yes, here I am... I serve in St. Petersburg. (Being cheerful.) I, I, I...

Mayor (to the side). Oh my God, so angry! I found out everything, the damned merchants told me everything!

Khlestakov (bravely). Even if you’re here with your whole team, I won’t go! I'm going straight to the minister! (He hits the table with his fist.) What are you doing? What do you?

Mayor (stretched out and trembling all over). Have mercy, don't destroy! Wife, small children... don’t make a person unhappy.

Khlestakov. No, I don't want to! Here's more! What do I care? Because you have a wife and children, I have to go to prison, that’s great!

Bobchinsky looks out the door and hides in fear.

No, thank you humbly, I don’t want to.

Mayor (trembling). Due to inexperience, by golly due to inexperience. Insufficient wealth... Judge for yourself: the government salary is not enough even for tea and sugar. If there were any bribes, it was very small: something for the table and a couple of dresses. As for the non-commissioned officer's widow, a merchant, whom I allegedly flogged, this is slander, by God, slander. My villains invented this: they are such a people that they are ready to encroach on my life.

Khlestakov. What? I don't care about them. (In thought.) I don’t know, however, why are you talking about villains and about some non-commissioned officer’s widow... A non-commissioned officer’s wife is completely different, but you don’t dare flog me, you’re far from that... Here's more! Look at you!.. I will pay, I will pay money, but now I don’t have it. The reason I'm sitting here is because I don't have a penny.

Mayor (to the side). Oh, subtle thing! Where did he throw it? what a fog he brought in! Find out who wants it! You don’t know which side to take. Well, just try it at random. (Aloud.) If you definitely need money or something else, then I’m ready to serve this minute. My duty is to help those passing by.

Khlestakov. Give me, lend me! I'll pay the innkeeper right now. I would only like two hundred rubles or even less.

Mayor (bringing up pieces of paper). Exactly two hundred rubles, although don’t bother counting.

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The morals of officials are reflected in the story by N.V. Gogol's "The Overcoat" and the story by A.P. Chekhov's "Death of an Official"

In the work of N.V. Gogol depicts the story of a small, poor official, Akaki Akakievich Bashmachkin, whose image embodies the typical features of representatives of the bureaucratic environment: spiritual underdevelopment, loss of values, wretchedness of interests, servility to higher ranks, which is also typical for representatives of the authorities of the district city in the play “The Inspector General”. However, unlike the officials of the comedy, Bashmachkin “served with love”, lived exclusively by service and treated the performance of duties with diligence.

Which works of Russian classics depict the morals of bureaucracy and in what ways do these works have something in common with Gogol’s “The Inspector General”?

Bobchinsky We had just arrived at the hotel when suddenly a young man...

Dobchinsky (interrupting). Not bad looking, in a private dress...

Bobchinsky. Not bad-looking, in a particular dress, walks around the room like that, and in his face there’s this kind of reasoning... physiognomy... actions, and here (twists his hand near his forehead). many, many things. It was as if I had a presentiment and said to Pyotr Ivanovich: “There’s something here for a reason, sir.” Yes. And Pyotr Ivanovich already blinked his finger and called the innkeeper, sir, the innkeeper Vlas: his wife gave birth to him three weeks ago, and such a perky boy will, just like his father, run the inn. Pyotr Ivanovich called Vlas and asked him quietly: “Who, he says, is this young man? “- and Vlas answers this: “This,” he says... Eh, don’t interrupt, Pyotr Ivanovich, please don’t interrupt; you won’t tell, by God you won’t tell: you whisper; you, I know, have one tooth whistling in your mouth... “This is, he says, a young man, an official, - yes, sir, - coming from St. Petersburg, and his last name, he says, is Ivan Aleksandrovich Khlestakov, sir, but he’s going, he says, to the Saratov province and, he says, he attests himself in a very strange way: he’s been living for another week, he’s not leaving the tavern, he’s taking everything into his account and doesn’t want to pay a penny.” As he told me this, and so it was brought to my senses from above. “Eh! “- I say to Pyotr Ivanovich...

Dobchinsky. No, Pyotr Ivanovich, it was I who said: “eh! »

Bobchinsky. First you said it, and then I said it too. “Eh! - Pyotr Ivanovich and I said. - Why on earth should he sit here when his road lies to the Saratov province? "Yes, sir. But he is this official.

Mayor. Who, what official?

Bobchinsky. The official about whom you deigned to receive a notation is an auditor.

Mayor (in fear). What are you, God bless you! it's not him.

Dobchinsky. He! and he doesn’t pay money and doesn’t go. Who else should it be if not him? And the road ticket is registered in Saratov.

Bobchinsky. He, he, by God he... So observant: he examined everything. He saw that Pyotr Ivanovich and I were eating salmon, more because Pyotr Ivanovich was talking about his stomach... yes, he looked into our plates. I was filled with fear.

Mayor. Lord, have mercy on us sinners! Where does he live there?

Dobchinsky. In the fifth room, under the stairs.

Bobchinsky. In the same room where visiting officers fought last year.

Mayor. How long has he been here?

Dobchinsky. And it’s already two weeks. Came to see Vasily the Egyptian.

Mayor. Two weeks! (To the side.) Fathers, matchmakers! Bring it out, holy saints! In these two weeks the non-commissioned officer's wife was flogged! The prisoners were not given provisions! There's a tavern on the streets, it's unclean! Disgrace! vilification! (He grabs his head.)

Artemy Filippovich. Well, Anton Antonovich? - Parade to the hotel.

Ammos Fedorovich. No no! Put your head forward, the clergy, the merchants; here in the book “The Acts of John Mason”...

Mayor. No no; let me do it myself. There have been difficult situations in life, we went, and even received thanks. Perhaps God will bear it now. (Addressing Bobchinsky.) You say he is a young man?

Bobchinsky. Young, about twenty-three or four years old.

Mayor. So much the better: you’ll get wind of the young man sooner. It’s a disaster if the old devil is the one who’s young and the one at the top. You, gentlemen, get ready for your part, and I will go on my own, or at least with Pyotr Ivanovich, privately, for a walk, to see if those passing by are in trouble...

N. V. Gogol “The Inspector General”

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Russian classics in their works often covered the morals of officials in Russia. Thus, in the comedy “Woe from Wit” by Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov, the “Famus society” is shown. It depicts “servants of the people” who defend the old order, advocate veneration and groveling before the highest ranks. A prominent representative of this society is Molchalin, a hypocritical and unprincipled young man. He is obsequious and immoral (“After all, you have to depend on others... // We are of small ranks”). The comedies “The Inspector General” and “Woe from Wit” are similar in that the officials described in them (the mayor, Strawberry