This year all christian world celebrates the 500th anniversary of the great Protestant Reformation. The Reformation, which brought not only spiritual changes to Europe, but also socio-economic ones. One of the leaders of this spiritual movement was a simple monk Martin Luther. It was thanks to him that the church of that time was shocked and did not remain the same...
They say that at the beginning of the 16th century the entire Christian world was divided into two camps. The first are people who hated Martin Luther and called him the devil, and the second considered him a hero and saw him as a reformer.
Today I collected 13 interesting facts from the life of this outstanding person, which I want to present to your attention.
In 1517, when the Reformation began, Martin Luther was only 34 years old and he was not even married yet :)
Legend has it that the idea that Europe needed spiritual reformation came to Martin Luther while he was sitting in thought... on the toilet in the toilet of his house :). For a long time, this theory was criticized, since there was an opinion that at that time such a civilization did not yet exist :). But according to the history channel, in 2004, thorough archaeological excavations were carried out at the house where Martin Luther lived, and it was done sensational discovery the fact that his house actually had sewerage and even primitive floor heating! So, who knows, maybe it was so :)
Before Martin Luther became a great reformer, he was a monk.
In 1505, 22-year-old Martin Luther, a law school student, was walking across a field when a strong storm suddenly began. The earth shook with thunder, and lightning struck only meters from it. Martin was so frightened that he shouted in fear: “Saint Anne, if I survive, I promise to become a monk!”
By the way, the decision to become a monk greatly upset his father, who wanted his son to become a lawyer.
Martin Luther's future wife, Katharine von Bora, was also a nun who took a vow of celibacy. In 1523, Martin helped her and 12 other girls escape from the convent and help them hide from official persecution catholic church. When they got married, Katerina was 26, and Martin was 41. There was a 15-year difference between them :)
Having become a monk, Martin Luther turned out to be a great zealot for the traditions of the church. To please God, he prayed for several hours every day, fasted several days a week, starved his flesh with lack of sleep, staying awake for several days, slept without a blanket in cold weather, and regularly flagellated himself to pacify his flesh.
Being an exemplary monk and having a doctorate in theology, Martin Luther became a teacher at Wittenberg University. It was as a professor at a theological institute that Luther had a lot of time to think about the state of the modern church, and we know what this led to :).
One day, while reading the Apostle Paul's letter to the Romans, Martin's eyes stopped on verse 1:17 “The righteous will live by faith!” These words seemed to pierce him, and he was enlightened that, it turns out, salvation cannot be earned by works, it is given by faith. In the future, this verse became key in promoting the reformation.
Martin Luther's patience finally ran out at the end of October 1517. One day, while walking down the street, he saw the preacher Johann Tetzel selling indulgences, saying: “As soon as the coin falls into the piggy bank, one soul goes from purgatory to heaven!”
On October 31, 1517, on the day when the Catholic Church celebrated Halloween, Martin Luther could not resist and nailed 95 theses to the doors of the Wittenberg church. Historians claim that he did this specifically on Halloween night, because Martin opposed the celebration of Halloween, considering it a demonic holiday.
Martin Luther used modern technologies of that time, such as engravings and the printing press, so that the ideas of the reformation from the small town of Wittenberg spread throughout Europe.
He had the gift of writing intelligible and short messages in a language accessible to people.
Martin Luther taught people to read the Bible. During his time, the population of the Holy Roman Empire ( modern territories Germany and Austria) spoke German, and the liturgy in churches was conducted only in Latin. Martin Luther personally translated the Bible into modern German which ordinary people understood.
Martin Luther brought a new style worship in church. As a musician and composer, Martin wrote many spiritual songs that were simple and easy to remember. Previously, in the church only the priests sang some boring tunes in Latin, but with the advent of the Reformation, singing became part of the service.
There is an opinion that Martin Luther was the first person to put up a Christmas tree in his home on Christmas Day, decorating it with fruit and small candles. This tradition instantly spread in reform circles, and people who accepted Protestant views began to put up Christmas trees en masse in their homes for the Christmas holidays. It is interesting to note that in the beginning the Christmas tree in Germany was called the tree of Christ (Christbaum).
Exactly 530 years ago on November 10, 1483 in glorious city In Eislebene, which lies in the fertile Saxon lands, a boy was born into the family of the miner Luther, who was named Martin on Christmastide. Who could have known that he would turn world history and will become the founder new religion– Protestantism and the Reformation movement, the movement for the renewal of the Church...
We have made a selection of facts and incidents from the life of Martin Luther.
Trip to Rome
In his youth, Martin took a vow of monasticism. In 1511, the monk was sent to Rome on some economic affairs of the order. The trip made an indelible impression on the young theologian. It was there that he first saw firsthand the corruption of the Roman Catholic clergy. Who knows, if his abbot had not sent him to the capital of debauchery, he would have become what he became...
The nun proposed to him
In the family, Luther had a very tense relationship with his father. Later, it was the pope who facilitated Luther's marriage to the former nun Katharina von Bora. The story for those times was similar to an anecdote - coming from a noble but impoverished family, this girl was, as they would say now, independent and free-minded. Katchen herself proposed marriage to Martin.
The marriage did not bring much happiness; von Bora was not suitable for the role of the stereotypical obedient wife. Due to her domineering nature, Luther called her "Dr. Kate." In his letters, Martin Luther himself admitted that he would have preferred another former nun to her, a more flexible one.
Forgive us our sins
As you know, the Reformation began with Luther, himself a priest and theologian, nailing 95 theses on the church door - a program of disagreement with the filth and corruption of the Catholic Church. The last theses are especially interesting - in them Luther claims that the Pope has no special rights to forgive sins. This was proven by brilliant logic for those times: if the pope has such special rights, then why has he not yet forgiven all of us?
Career
One of the central and sought-after provisions of Luther’s philosophy is the concept of “vocation.” In contrast to the Catholic teaching about the opposition of the worldly and the spiritual, Luther believed that in worldly life in the professional field the grace of God is realized. So the words “career building” and “ career"We may be indebted to Martin Luther.
To church on whistle
John Calvin became a follower of Luther in the Reformation and the creator of his own teaching based on the Lutheran one. His religion (Calvinism) was an extreme expression of the Protestant ethic. When the Calvinists came to power in Geneva, the city’s residents experienced the beauty of “Puritan” morality, curfews, lack of entertainment venues, and went to church almost on cue. Luther was far from such extremes, which, however, largely determined the appearance of bourgeois Europe.
Detective Peter
In 1712, the Russian Tsar, and later the first All-Russian Emperor Peter the Great, while visiting the house-museum of Martin Luther, examined an ink stain in the place of the wall where Luther threw the inkwell, aiming at the devil who appeared to him. Peter’s conclusion: “The ink is new, and all this is not true.”
She became popular after the release of the series for young people "Violetta", in which she played the main role. female role. She claims that, like her heroine, she immensely loves music, singing and dancing. She loves the work of Beyoncé, Whitney Houston and Michael Jackson. She would dream of meeting the last two. She expresses gratitude to her family, who have always been by her side and supported her in every possible way.
This article presents the biography of Martina Stossel, a charming and talented actress who is known all over the world, and in her home country they are simply admired and in love with her. Our heroine, who was called “skinny” in childhood because of her sickly appearance, today is an icon of style and beauty. This young, but already quite successful businesswoman deserves the closest attention.
Martina Stossel is a famous Argentine actress, dancer and singer. The Buenos Aires native's track record includes 11 cinematic works. She starred in such popular TV series as “The Ugly Duckling”, “Violetta”, “I am the Moon”. She often plays herself in films and on television. In the frame, Martina Stossel, whose biography is described here, appeared together with the following actors: Diego Ramos, Mercedes Lambre, Florencia Ortiz, Jorge Blanco, Candelaria Molfese, etc. She appears in projects of the following genres: melodrama, adventure, comedy, drama, documentaries etc. Own creative path She began with the role of Martina in the 2007 project “The Ugly Duckling”.
Zodiac sign - Aries. Today the girl is 21 years old. Next, we will consider in detail the biography of Martina Stossel, her personal life and her work.
Our heroine was born in the Argentine city of Buenos Aires in 1997. The actress's father works for leadership positions on TV. Her mother's name is Mariana. Martina is the second child in the family. She has an older brother, Francisco, whom she calls the best brother in the world. It is known that Martina was fond of music and dancing since childhood. In 2011, the single “Shine” she recorded was included in the album
In 2007, the actress played in the TV series “The Ugly Duckling.” This is a story about a provincial teenage girl who fell, as she thinks unrequitedly, in love with the handsome Matthias, who came to her city from a huge metropolis. In 2012, she became the main character in youth project"Violetta", where actor Jorge Blanco becomes her constant partner in the frame. Martina Stossel, whose biography is of interest to those young people who hope to win her heart, calls Blanco very sweet and kind person, but she doesn’t like him, although shortly before this statement information appeared in the media that young people were dating.
For Martina, her role in the above-mentioned project was one of her first on television. At the casting, the producers chose her because she sang and danced beautifully and managed to present herself correctly. At that time she was only fourteen years old. According to the actress, she grew up with this project. She claims that she is happy with the attention from her fans. She is pleased that they visit her music shows and provide her with moral support.
In 2014, the actress played in the feature film TV movie"Violetta at a concert." A year later, she starred in its sequel, “Violetta: The Journey.” In 2016, Martina Stossel plays Tini in the project “I Am Luna”. A little later he receives main role in the movie "Tiny" New life Violetta."
We wish the actress and simply beautiful girl Martine Stossel, whose biography is discussed here, new roles and a successful career!
Argentina Argentina
Martin Fierro ( Best Actress)
Martina Stossel (Martina Stoessel; March 21, Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine actress, singer and dancer, best known for her role as Violetta in Disney series Violet .
Martina Stossel was born in Argentina to Alejandro Stossel, director of the Baila Conmigo Paraguay program, and Mariana Muslera. Has an older brother, Francisco. Officially, the actress states that she was born on March 21, 1997, but the date of her birth is controversial. WITH early age Martina plays the piano, dances, sings. In 2011, she recorded the song “The Glow,” which was included in the album “Disney Princess.”
Martina Stossel plays the main role in the series "Violetta". Filming for the series began on September 27, 2011, and on May 14, 2012, the series premiered in Latin America and Italy. A month before the premiere of “Violetta” on the Disney Channel, the “Zapping Zone” program debuted a video for the song “En Mi Mundo” performed by Stoessel, which became main theme series. In 2013, she received the Martin Fierro Award, was also nominated for the Nickelodeon Argentina Kids' Choice Awards (in the category "Best Latin American Actress") and won the Kids' Choice Awards Argentina.
In 2011, Stossel was granted the rights to record the Spanish version of the song "The Glow" ("Tu Resplandor"), the original of which is performed by singer Shannon Saunders. The song was included in the album Disney Princess: Fairy Tale Songs. In addition, in 2012, the song “En Mi Mundo” (“In My World”) and songs with Pablo Espinosa “Tienes Todo” and Lodovica Comello “Junto a Ti” were released as the lead single (1 soundtrack) for “Violetta”.
Martina is a big Beyoncé fan. In one interview, the singer admitted that she simply adores her and dreams of meeting her someday.
In 2014, Martina performed a dance to the super hit “End of Time”. After this performance, the song entered the top 10 on iTunes in Argentina.
On August 21, 2015, she signed a contract with Hollywood Records to begin recording her solo album"TINI". The songs on the album are in Spanish and English language. Some of them were performed together with Jorge Blanco. The album has been recorded.
In 2016, Stossel will release her own perfume “Une fleur pour Tini” and a clothing line.
On May 4, 2016, the film “Tini: Violetta’s New Life” was released, with her in the title role.
In 2016, Martina released her first album entitled “TINI”. In April 2016, a video for the song “Siempre Brillaras” was released, in May - “Losing The Love”, in July - “Great Escape”. Debut album Martins has received Platinum and Gold certification in Argentina. The number of sales in the world amounted to 100 thousand.
Year | Russian name | original name | Role | |
---|---|---|---|---|
With | Violet | Violetta | Violetta Castillo | |
mf | Monsters university | Monsters University | Kerry Williams | |
f | Teenie: Violetta's New Life | Tini - El gran cambio de Violetta | Violetta Castillo |
In 2016, she released her own album “TINI” together with the Hollywood Records label.
2011 | Tu Resplandor | Disney Princess Song |
2012 | En Mi Mundo | "Violetta", title theme |
2012 | Tienes Todo (with Pablo Espinosa) | "Violet" |
2012 | Te Creo | "Violet" |
2012 | Habla si puedes | "Violet" |
2012 | Junto a Ti (with Lodovica Comeglio) | "Violet" |
2012 | Ser mejor (together with other actors of the series) | "Violet" |
2013 | Hoy Somos Mas (together with other actors of the series) | "Violet" |
2013 | Nuestro camino (with Jorge Blanco) | "Violet" |
2013 | Si es por amor (Together with Mercedes Lambre) | "Violet" |
2016 | Siempre Brillaras | |
2016 | Losing The Love | "Tini: Violetta's New Life" |
2016 | Born To Shine | "Tini: Violetta's New Life" |
2016 | Great Escape | "Tini: Violetta's New Life" |
Name: Martina Stoessel
Age: 22
Height: 165
Activity: singer, actress, dancer
Family status: Single
Young actress and singer, idol of Argentine teenagers. She played the main role in the youth series “Violetta,” which was broadcast in Russia on the Disney Channel. Participated in the voice acting of the cartoon “Monsters University”. Writes the second one studio album, which will be released in 2018.
Martina Stossel was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina on March 21, 1997. The girl’s father works as a producer and director of the dance TV show Baila Conmigo Paraguay, which probably largely determined Martina’s choice of profession. The girl has a brother named Francisco, who is a year older than her.
WITH early years the girl began to prepare for a career as an artist. Martina learned to sing, play the piano, dance, studied Musical Theatre. The girl attended two private schools – Colegio San Marcos and Colegio Martín y Omar de Isidro, where education was conducted in two languages.
At the age of 10, Martina first appeared on television. The girl starred in the first season of the popular Argentine TV series for children and teenagers “The Ugly Duckling” in the role of Martina, the young assistant of a character named Fito Bernardi. Later, the girl played another small role in the same series in one of the flashback episodes.
Martina Stossel's song "Tu Resplandor"The girl recorded her first track in 2011. It was the Spanish version of Shannon Sanders' song The Glow. The composition was included in the album Disney Princess: Fairy Tale Songs under the name Tu Resplandor.
Martina Stossel played the main role in the youth series "Violetta". The series was filmed in Argentina and aired on Disney Channel from 2012-2014. Over three years of filming, two and a half hundred episodes were released. Martina Stossel performed the song En Mi Mundo, which is included in the series. A video of the same name featuring the actress appeared on the official website of Disney in Latin America in the spring of 2012 before the premiere of the first season.
Martina's heroine is Violetta Castillo, a bright and intelligent girl who lost her mother in childhood and went with her father to Europe, and then returned to Buenos Aires. Violetta loves to sing and dreams of becoming a singer, but is forced to hide her plans from her father because he will probably not approve of them. The girl secretly learns to sing and dance, can’t choose between two guys and keeps a diary where she describes the events of her life.
Martina's colleague in the series "Violetta", the young Italian actress and singer Lodovica Comeglio, played the role of Francesca. In 2013, the girls worked together again, this time on the cartoon “Monsters University,” where they did voice acting. Martina's voice is narrated by a character named Kerry Williams, and the Lodovicks' voice is narrated by Britney Davis.
In 2016, Martina starred in the film “Tini: The New Life of Violetta.” This musical film, filmed in Argentina, a continuation of the series “Violetta”, from where the viewer learns the ending of the whole story. The heroine leaves for Italy, where she finds friends and starts a new life.
Martina Stossel and Mercedes Lambre sing the song "Si Es Por Amor"That same year, Martina released her first album, Tini, which included music from the film Tini: The New Life of Violetta. At Martina's free concert in Buenos Aires in 2014, an estimated 250 thousand people gathered. The singer's brother Francisco opened as a DJ. I sang it together with Martina best friend and colleague in the series “Violetta” Mercedes Lambre.
The actress lives with her parents and brother in the San Isidro area, a suburb of Buenos Aires. Martina speaks three languages fluently - Spanish, Italian and English. The actress has official accounts V "Instagram" And "Twitter".
Martina's weight is 54 kg, and her height is 165 cm. Her zodiac sign is Aries. The actress loves to drink Coca-Cola and lemonade, prefers green and purple among flowers, Martina’s favorite actress is, and of all school subjects The girl loved history most of all. On her right wrist she has a tattoo that says All You Need Is Love. The girl cannot imagine her life without makeup and began experimenting with her appearance from a young age.
Martina's best friend is Argentine actress Mercedes Lambre. The girls starred together in the TV series “Violetta”. Mercedes played there the role of Lyudmila Ferro - a glamorous blonde and Violetta's main opponent, who constantly puts a spoke in her wheels and harbors evil plans.
Martina's first love was the Argentine actor Peter Lanzani. The young people began dating in 2013 and even performed together, but broke up two years later. Their relationship first cracked back in 2014. According to rumors, the actress’s mother accidentally caught her daughter’s boyfriend with another girl, after which the entire Stossel family quarreled with Peter.
Later it turned out that the “other” was not the young man’s mistress, but only his sister, and the young people reconciled for a while, but the romance turned out to be short-lived and ended after a few months.
In 2016, the actress had new guy- Pepe Barroso Silva, Spanish football player. The young people spent about a year together and officially broke up at the beginning of 2018. Now Martina is alone, she has no husband and children.
There were rumors among Martina's fans that the actress was pregnant, but this is not true. When asked by the journalist who interviewed her, Martina directly said that she believed Jorge good friend And a good man, but she doesn’t like him as a guy, and there is no close relationship between them. Jorge is Martina's colleague in the Violetta project, playing there the role of Leon Vargas, lover main character.
There were also rumors in the press and among fans that shortly before the start of filming the series “Violetta,” the young actress was diagnosed with anorexia. Allegedly, the girl’s health was in jeopardy due to tense relationships with classmates and the serious stress she was exposed to at school.
However, the actress herself denied these rumors. Martina claims that thinness is a genetic trait common to everyone in her family, and she has never had problems with food. Indeed, if you look at the photo of Martina Stossel in a swimsuit, it’s hard to believe these rumors.
In May 2017, Martina began working on her second album, which is planned to be released in 2018. In October, the singer released the single Te Quiero Más. The composition was recorded together with the Venezuelan artist Nacho. Another single, Princesa, was created by Stoessel in a duet with Colombian Karol G.
In the summer of 2018, the girl recorded two compositions with the folk rock band Morat and singer Sebastián Yatra. All four tracks will be included in the new album.
In December 2017, Martina appeared as herself in an episode of the television series Las Estrellas.