“The History of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos” - A plot for a quick marriage. A holiday celebrated primarily in Russian Orthodoxy. Poems for the Intercession of the Virgin Mary. Feast of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary. Signs. St. Basil's Cathedral. The Most Pure One in the Blachernae Church. The first frosts will come. Foolish Andrey. Protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Domains of the Second Rome.

“Religious holidays” - Kurban Bayram. Shavuot. Sacred books and buildings of Christianity. Holidays of Buddhism. Holidays of Judaism. Holy holidays. Christmas. Buildings of Judaism. Sacred books and buildings of Buddhism. Sacred books and buildings of Islam. Christianity. Main Christian holidays. Holidays of Islam. Donchod.

“Feasts of the Orthodox Church” - Troparion of the Annunciation. Troparion of Baptism. A great day for the entire Christian world. Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary into the temple. Orthodox holidays. Troparion of the Nativity of Christ. Pentecost. Medium and small holidays. Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Trinity. Holidays named from the old Russian TWELVE.

“Feast of Ivan Kupala” - Great day. The holiday of Ivan Kupala is a very bright and colorful event. Healing herbs. Living Immortal Fire. Some people are also attracted to the word heap (a pile of kindled brushwood). Holiday of Russian antiquity. It is curious that bathing lights were not lit from any source. This means Kupalo and Kupalnitsa. Other experts derive the word “Kupalo” from kupa.

“Feast of the Intercession” - Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God. Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Folk signs. Mother of God. Temple in honor of the Intercession of the Mother of God. The church is named after the Robe of the Mother of God. Holiday. Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God in the village. The temple was built by Emperor Leo the Great. In the 10th century there were many churches in Constantinople.

“Baptism of the Lord” - Of course, John’s baptism was not yet the grace-filled sacrament of Christian baptism. Troparion and kontakion of the holiday. WHY IS THE BAPTISM OF THE LORD CALLED THEOPHINY? Epiphany (Epiphany). Saint John the Baptist. Games and tasks. The sacrament of baptism. The sacrament of Baptism can be performed on both a child and an adult.

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BIBLE COMMANDMENT “Remember the day off” Teacher-organizer Tsibizova Zh.Yu. GBOU gymnasium No. 49

10 Commandments I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of bondage. May you have no gods except Me. Do not make for yourself any statue of a deity - no image of anything that is above in the sky, or anything that is below on the earth, or anything that is in the water below the earth. Do not worship them or serve them, for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God. For the sins of the fathers who rejected Me, I punish their children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. And to the descendants of those who love Me and fulfill My commands, I will reward goodness in the thousandth generation. Do not take in vain the name of the Lord your God. The Lord will not leave unpunished the one who does this. Remember that Saturday is a holy day. Six days you work, do business, but the seventh day is Sabbath: it belongs to the Lord your God. No one is allowed to work on this day - neither you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male or female slave, nor your livestock, nor the migrant who lives in your city. For in six days the Lord created the heavens and the earth and the sea and all that fills them, and on the seventh day he rested. Therefore, the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it sacred. Honor your father and mother, so that your life may be long in the land that the Lord your God gives you. Don't kill. Don't commit adultery. Don't steal. Do not give false testimony against your neighbor. Don’t want to take away someone else’s house, don’t want to take away someone else’s wife, someone else’s male and female slaves, other people’s oxen and donkeys—nothing that’s someone else’s.

“Remember the Sabbath day to spend it holy: work for six days and do all your work during them, and dedicate the seventh day - a day of rest (Saturday) to the Lord your God.” In some countries, including Russia, the day off is Sunday. All people try to spend Sunday with their family and loved ones. Nowadays, many believers attend church and Sunday schools.

The Church calls on the seventh day “Sunday” to be dedicated to serving the Lord God and to holy deeds. Pleasant deeds include: caring for one’s soul, praying in church, enlightening the mind and heart with useful knowledge, helping the poor and works of mercy.

Nowadays people have a choice. On Sunday you can devote yourself to charitable deeds, or you can spend time with friends, do what you love, go to the cinema or theater. Many of us try to invite guests on weekends, celebrate our birthdays, and surprise our loved ones with culinary masterpieces. What could be better when the whole family gets together?

Article 37 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation 1. Labor is free. Everyone has the right to freely use their ability to work, choose their type of activity and profession. 2. Forced labor is prohibited. 3. Everyone has the right to work in conditions that meet safety and hygiene requirements, to remuneration for work without any discrimination and not lower than the minimum wage established by federal law, as well as the right to protection from unemployment. 4. The right to individual and collective labor disputes is recognized using the methods for resolving them established by federal law, including the right to strike. 5. Everyone has the right to rest. A person working under an employment contract is guaranteed the length of working hours established by federal law, weekends and holidays, and paid annual leave.

Israel is the only country in the world where life revolves around the Jewish calendar. Working holidays and school holidays are determined by Jewish holidays and the fact that the official day of rest in Israel is Saturday - Shabbat. According to Jewish customs, the day begins in the evening; accordingly, Shabbat begins on Friday evening and ends on Saturday evening, when Israeli youth rush to discos and clubs. In fact, in Israel there is one and a half days off: Friday is a short working day, Saturday is an official day of rest. The Torah tells us that God created the heavens and the earth in six days. By the seventh day, the work of Creation was completed, and on that day the Almighty did not create anything. Thus, this day was sanctified and turned into a day of rest, Shabbat. The people of Israel are the first people in history to introduce the custom of not working on the seventh day of the week, but of resting from work. Both workers and slaves of Jews, and even pets owned by Jews, are prohibited from working on the Sabbath.

A day off does not mean a lot of activities and entertainment...

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I U D A I Z M

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Judaism is the most ancient religion that recognizes the existence of one God, the Creator of everything that exists. Much from Judaism was borrowed by the later Christianity and Islam. Judaism is the religion of one people - the Jews.

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One of the main Jewish prayers is “Shma”
“The Lord is our God, there is one Lord.” In everyday life, Jews say “Adonai” (Lord) or “Ha-Shem” (Name). It is impossible to describe God in Judaism - He has no visible image.

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SYMBOLS OF JUDAISM - minor and six-pointed Star of David

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RITUALS OF JUDAISM
Ablution Prayer Sacrifice Judaism is imbued with ritual down to the smallest detail, full of written and unwritten rules that regulate human activities: what you can and cannot eat, drink, who to marry, when to work, with whom to be friends and who to hate.

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The basis of Judaism is the Torah. This is the holy book of the Jews. It tells how God created the world in six days. For Jews, Saturday is a holy day, a day of rest.
T O R A

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The ancient Jews built the TEMPLE OF THE ONE GOD. It was destroyed when Judea came under the rule of the Roman Empire. Only a small part of the wall remained from it. This wall is called the Wailing Wall. It became a Jewish shrine, reminiscent of the greatness of the Temple.

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After the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem, the Jews were deprived of a single religious center. Since then, the religious life of Jews has been centered around the SYNAGOGUE. A synagogue is a place for prayer.

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Holidays of Judaism
The main holiday of Judaism is PASSover (EASTER). On this day, believers remember the liberation of the people from Egyptian slavery. The holiday lasts 7 days. The feast is held strictly according to ritual. Bitter greens recall the bitterness of slavery, a dish of grated apples, dates, nuts and wine is reminiscent of the clay from which the Jews made bricks for Egyptian houses. 50 days after Passover comes Shavuot, a holiday celebrated in memory of God giving the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai. On this day, synagogues are decorated with flowers and green branches. This holiday is associated with the giving of the Torah

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Ten Commandments of Judaism
The Ten Commandments as laid down in the Old Testament are as follows. The first 4 commandments order a person to believe in one God and not to worship other gods and their images, to reverently honor him. The following 6 commandments show how we should treat other people: honor father and mother, do not kill, do not steal, remain faithful in marriage, do not lie, and do not even think about encroaching on what belongs to another

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Jews believe in one God - Yahweh or Jehovah. God, the Creator and Ruler of the world, is incorporeal and cannot be seen. Therefore, images of God are strictly prohibited in Judaism. “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; Let you have no other gods before Me."

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Halakha is a set of Jewish religious commandments and norms of behavior. Determines who is a Jew and who is not, how to behave in everyday, family life. Halakhic legislation is based on five unequal, from the point of view of Judaism, sources: Written Law; regulations based on tradition; Oral Law; rulings of sofrim; custom. For many centuries, Halakha remained the main factor ensuring the preservation of the internal integrity of a people scattered throughout the world, until the foundations of the primordial belief in its chosenness were shaken under the onslaught of growing materialism and atheism, on the one hand, and new universal ideals and aspirations, on the other.

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The Jewish canon consists of the Tanakh, the Old Testament part of the Bible, which was written and compiled before the advent of Christianity, and the Talmud. The Talmud (from the Hebrew la-meid - teaching) is a multi-volume collection of Jewish religious literature that developed over many centuries - from the 4th century. BC e. to the 4th century n. For centuries, the original content of the Talmud was passed down from generation to generation orally, unlike the Old Testament, which was called the written law, the Talmud was called the oral law

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The basis of Talmudic creativity was the Tanakh, especially its first part - the Pentateuch, or Torah. Adapting the Bible to historical circumstances, the Talmudists developed many rules, regulations and prohibitions designed to strengthen the national isolation and religious isolation of the Jewish masses.

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For many hundreds of years, Jews living in one country or another united into communities, headed by a rabbi - a person who knew the texts of the Tanakh and Talmud well and was able to interpret them. The meeting place for members of the Jewish community is the synagogue. This is any decent room, a good room where there is a Torah scroll. An ordinary synagogue is not a temple, it is a house of prayer, a meeting house. The community has always tried to make this building beautiful, cozy, and adequately decorated. In the synagogue, community members study the Holy Scriptures together. Each synagogue has a special niche or cabinet where the Holy Scriptures are kept; it is located near the wall that faces Jerusalem. Every synagogue has a place for collecting donations, because the commandment of mercy and helping those in need is one of the most important in Judaism.

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Shabbat (Saturday) is the seventh day of the week, when God, having created the world, “rested from all work.” On this day, Jews are strictly forbidden to work. You cannot light a fire or use electricity (turn on the light). You cannot write, travel from one settlement to another, carry any objects, take the life of any living creature, ride on horseback or in a car, water plants or carry out agricultural work. You can't even touch money or discuss business. Saturday is a family holiday, which Jews dedicate to special prayers and rituals. The laws and regulations of the Sabbath begin at sunset and end with the appearance of the first three stars in the sky in the evening of the next day.

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Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish New Year. Celebrated for two days in September-October. This is the Day of Judgment for all the inhabitants of the Universe. On this day, it is determined what will happen to a person during the coming year. During the holiday meal, it is customary to dip bread in honey, and also eat apples with honey. This is a symbol that the coming year will be sweet, i.e. successful. During holiday services, a ram's horn - the shofar - is usually blown. The sound of the shofar means a call to repentance for all Jews. From this day on, ten “terrible days” of repentance begin.

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Pesach (Easter) - celebrated in memory of the exit of the Jews from Egypt. According to legend, on this day in the Jerusalem Temple the ritual of offering to God the first sheaf of the spring harvest was performed. During the holiday, Jews are forbidden to eat any food that has undergone any kind of fermentation: kefir, sour cream, pies and bread made from yeast dough. Therefore, Jews make special unleavened bread - matzah.

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Other holidays: Sukkot - the holiday of the harvest. Goshana Rabbah - great salvation. On this day, all prayers are read, which begin with the word “Save!” Tu-Bi Av - the end of the pestilence that destroyed people from Egypt. Hanukkah - the consecration, the cleansing of defilement of a temple captured by the Greeks. On this day, a special Hanukkiah lamp with eight cups is lit. Purim is celebrated in memory of the salvation of Jews from the Persians. This is the most joyful holiday, “a day of feast and joy.”

Lesson 13. Saturday (Shabbat) in the Jewish tradition. Saturday ritual. ? About the Sabbath in the life of Jews; ? About the Saturday ritual. For six days the Almighty created the Universe, the plant kingdom, animals and humans. After this he created the Sabbath, the day of holiness. Holiness Shabbat: prohibition of work (39 prohibited types of work); the holiday is accompanied by prayers and rituals (candles are lit, the table is set, bread, wine or grape juice is served, the meal is accompanied by singing (Shalom Aleichem).

Slide 13 from the presentation “Jewish culture” for religion and ethics lessons on the topic “Types of religions”

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Types of religions

"Main Religions" - Monasteries. Pantheon of the Gods of Olympus. Brahmanism - early Hinduism. Paganism. Pantheon. Sangha is a community of equals. Gospel stories. Fundamentals of Christian teaching. Heretics. Binding of the Koran. Confucianism. The traditions of the Old Testament tell about the Creation of the world. Buddhism. Three generations of gods. Buddha statue. Slavic paganism.

“Modern religions” - We all live in the same world, but at the same time we are so different. Knowledge of religious affiliation. Protestants. Holidays in Orthodoxy. Jerusalem. Entrance to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Christian commandments. Faith. National religions. Mordva. Holidays. Hajj in Mecca. Buddhist monk. Statue of Buddha Sakyamuni. Mecca.

“Examples of religions” - Shamanism. Totemism. Christianity. The future of religion. Islam. Early forms of religion. Zoroastrianism (Mazdaism, Avestism, fire worship). History of religions. Buddhism. Church of Jesus Christ. Islam places great emphasis on family. Lamaism. New religious movements. Hinduism. Judaism. Oral tradition of the spread of Christianity.

“Forms of religions” - Buddhism. Types of religions. Animism. Fetishism. Totemism. Religion. Islam. Role in a person's life. Basic functions of religion. Christianity. A form of awareness of the world.

"Jewish culture" - Jews in Egypt. About the Jewish prophets. About the main Jewish prayers. Good and evil. Fundamentals of Jewish culture. Family life values. Jewish holidays. Traditions of Judaism. Mercy. Basic principles of Judaism. Jewish calendar. Russia. Torah. Introduction to the Jewish spiritual tradition. Written and oral Torah.

“Hinduism” - There are four Vedas. Pilgrimage. Role of women in Hinduism. The third most followed religion in the world. There is no formal ceremony for converting to Hinduism. Four main directions. Hindus believe in the special power of sacrifice. Hindus. Population of India. Hinduism. Liberation. The term "shruti".