What Vasnetsov loved most of all. The artist Vasnetsov and his fabulous paintings. Vasnetsov – artist of fairy tales

23.06.2020

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What a delight these tales are! P R O E C T I L Y S R A T I O N I V A S N E T S O V A K S K A Z K A M DONE BY: SHALNEV YAROSLAV, 5th grade

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Purpose of the study: to get acquainted with the work of Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov, to identify the main artistic techniques characteristic of his work. Objectives: learn about the life and work of Vasnetsov; analyze the artist's work; identify features characteristic of all the artist’s works; Hypothesis: Vasnetsov’s work is still relevant.

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Biography of Vasnetsov The son of a poor rural priest, Viktor Vasnetsov (1848-1926), having graduated from theological school, entered the Vyatka Theological Seminary. However, the love of fine art prevailed in the final choice of profession. Having reached the last philosophical course, Vasnetsov left the seminary and went to St. Petersburg. There he managed to get first into the school of the Society for the Encouragement of Artists, and then into the Academy of Arts. Vasnetsov stayed here (with interruptions) from 1868 to 1875. His main teacher was P.P. Chistyakov, who later provided Vasnetsov with strength in many of his endeavors. I. N. Kramskoy and V. V. Stasov treated the young artist with great attention.

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Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1848-1926) is one of the first Russian artists who pushed the boundaries of conventional genres and showed a fairy-tale world, illuminated by the poetic imagination of the people. Vasnetsov was one of the first Russian artists to turn to recreating images of folk tales and epics in painting. His fate developed as if he was destined in advance to be the singer of a Russian fairy tale. He spent his childhood in the harsh, picturesque Vyatka region.

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Bilibin's illustrations framed by floral patterns very accurately reflect the content of the fairy tale. We can see the details of the heroes’ costumes, the expressions on the faces of the surprised boyars, and even the pattern on the kokoshniks of the daughters-in-law. Vasnetsov in his picture does not dwell on the details, but perfectly conveys the movement of Vasilisa, the enthusiasm of the musicians, who seem to be stamping their feet to the beat of a dance song. We can guess that the music to which Vasilisa dances is cheerful and mischievous. When you look at this picture you feel the character of a fairy tale.

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The famous Russian artist Viktor Vasnetsov painted the famous painting “The Frog Princess” in 1818. The main element of this painting is the figure of a young girl; her arms are spread out to the sides, her head is thrown back, the artist depicted her in a dance. The girl is wearing an amazingly beautiful emerald-colored embroidered dress, underneath it is a dazzling white shirt, and she has a light scarf in her hand. She is depicted with her back to the viewer, so we only see her thick, long hair. The musicians playing the dance tune smile and look at her with admiration; apparently the girl is distinguished by her unearthly beauty. If you remember the famous fairy tale, it becomes clear that in the next moment Vasilisa the Wise will show everyone her amazing magic: after a wave of one hand, a lake will appear, after a wave of the other, beautiful swans will swim across it. Vasnetsov beautifully depicted the royal chambers in which the Frog Princess dances: carved table legs, floor painting with intricate patterns, tables covered with white tablecloths and a variety of treats. In the background, the artist showed a lake with white swans, behind it - village huts, birch trees, and a field. A small but beautifully presented piece of the landscape adds additional realism to the picture. On this canvas, Vasnetsov tried to convey the soul and beauty of Russian creativity, inspiration, and the identity of the Russian people

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The painting by V. Vasnetsov creates a generalized image of a beautiful princess: next to her are guslars and people. I. Bilibin’s illustration specifically depicts an episode of the feast: in the center is Vasilisa the Wise, at the wave of whose hand miracles occur; There are people around, amazed by what is happening.

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The famous Russian artist Viktor Vasnetsov painted the famous painting “The Frog Princess” in 1818. The main element of this painting is the figure of a young girl; her arms are spread out to the sides, her head is thrown back, the artist depicted her in a dance. The girl is wearing an amazingly beautiful emerald-colored embroidered dress, underneath it is a dazzling white shirt, and she has a light scarf in her hand. She is depicted with her back to the viewer, so we only see her thick, long hair. The musicians playing the dance tune smile and look at her with admiration; apparently the girl is distinguished by her unearthly beauty. If you remember the famous fairy tale, it becomes clear that in the next moment Vasilisa the Wise will show everyone her amazing magic: after a wave of one hand, a lake will appear, after a wave of the other, beautiful swans will swim across it. Vasnetsov beautifully depicted the royal chambers in which the Frog Princess dances: carved table legs, floor painting with intricate patterns, tables covered with white tablecloths and a variety of treats. In the background, the artist showed a lake with white swans, behind it are village huts, birch trees, and a field. A small but beautifully presented piece of the landscape adds additional realism to the picture. On this canvas, Vasnetsov tried to convey the soul and beauty of Russian creativity, inspiration, and the identity of the Russian people. Year of painting: 1918.

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Snow Maiden. 1899. Year of painting: 1899. Dimensions of the painting: no data. Material: canvas. Writing technique: oil. Genre: mythological painting. Style: romanticism. Gallery: State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia.

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Viktor Vasnetsov’s painting “Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf” is perhaps one of the most folkloric works of Russian fine art. The plot of the film is based on the famous Russian folk tale - “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf.” Ivan Tsarevich and Elena the Beautiful, who he stole, flee from pursuit on the Gray Wolf, Ivan’s faithful friend. The prince looks around carefully and presses his beloved tightly to his chest. Elena, subdued and indifferent to what was happening, trustingly clung to her savior. She tries not to look around, scared of the chase, the dense forest, and even the wolf. The viewer's special attention is attracted by the Gray Wolf with his human gaze. This is an unusual character: The Gray Wolf is a werewolf, a werewolf, as he was previously called. But both in the Russian folk tale and in the painting, his image is positive, full of courage and fidelity. The gray wolf easily carries his riders away from pursuit. He runs barely touching the ground, as if hovering over a gloomy swamp in the middle of a dense forest. In the picture in this forest, swamp lilies and apple tree flowers stand out as bright spots. An apple tree in the middle of a dense forest, in a swamp? With this, the artist refers us to the plot of a folk tale - after all, the adventure began with an apple tree with golden apples. The clothes of the heroes of the canvas are also fabulous. Ivan Tsarevich, dressed in a caftan embroidered with gold, and Elena in a silk blue dress complement each other stylistically. And the Gray Wolf is not gray at all, the color of his fur echoes the color of the prince’s clothes. The whole picture creates the mood of a fairy tale, a miracle, a riddle. Year of painting: 1889.

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Magic carpet. 1880. A proud young man looks from a flying carpet at the expanses of Russian land spreading below. The discreet northern nature served as the artist’s backdrop for the painting. Rivers and lakes sparkle, the forest stands like a dark wall, and huge birds accompany the carpet. The Firebird caught by the hero burns with a bright fire in a cage. This painting tells about the wisdom, strength, and dexterity of the people.

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The whole country is deservedly proud of this work by the famous Russian artist Viktor Vasnetsov, because in it the artist was able to convey both the greatness and the very spirit of the Russian people. Of course, other artists also tried to grasp this idea, but Vasnetsov managed to penetrate into the very essence and convey it to the audience through paint. The painting depicts three famous heroes of Russian legends and epics - Dobrynya Nikitich, Ilya Muromets and Alyosha Popovich. They symbolize all the best that the Russian people can be proud of - courage, fortitude, love for their homeland. Dobrynya Nikitich in epics is shown as a person not only wise, but also courageous. His magic armor and treasure sword always helped him, which even now he is ready to take out of its sheath. This is how he is depicted in the picture, and his white horse is like a reflection of its owner. Ilya Muromets is a real person, about whose extraordinary strength many legends have been created. His image in the picture is shown not only very strong, but also sincere, open and sincere. The third character in Vasnetsov’s painting “Bogatyrs” has a half-smile on his face. This shows the audience that Alyosha Popovich is not only a strong and brave warrior, but also a simple, cheerful person. Viktor Vasnetsov created this work for almost 30 years, thoroughly studying the real and fictional lives and exploits of these legendary characters in Russian history. Year of painting: 1881.

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The remarkable Russian artist Viktor Vasnetsov gained his fame for a series of paintings-illustrations of Russian folk tales. One of these paintings is “Alyonushka”, which is an illustration for the fairy tale “Sister Alyonushka and her brother Ivanushka”, written in 1881. On this canvas, the artist managed to masterfully convey the image of a girl from a fairy tale. Tired, exhausted by the futile search for her brother, Alyonushka sits in a sad pose by a forest pond on a large boulder. The dark forest around the heroine and the gloomy, cloudy sky enhance the mood of sadness and sadness. A dense forest surrounded the girl on all sides, sadly shedding bitter tears into the water of a quiet pond. Alyonushka’s hair was disheveled from the long search for her brother; barefoot, in an old sundress, she sits and thinks about the fate of brother Ivanushka. Above Alyonushka’s head, the artist depicted several swallows, which are a symbol of hope, showing that the sad story that happened to his brother and sister will definitely end well. The forest landscape depicted in the painting does not distract the viewer from the central figure of Alyonushka; on the contrary, every detail emphasizes the essence and depth of the work. The picture is filled with an atmosphere of slight sadness and complete silence. Vasnetsov very picturesquely depicted the motionless surface of the pond, the reeds and aspen trees above the water. The dark green colors of the surrounding landscape contrast with the blush and flowers on the girl’s sundress. The picture leaves the impression of a fairy tale, mystery and the feeling that this fairy tale will end well. Year of painting: 1881.

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CONCLUSION: Yuri Alekseevich Vasnetsov is an outstanding Russian Soviet artist, an unsurpassed illustrator of folk tales, songs, and nursery rhymes. His colorful illustrations, imbued with the spirit of folklore, have delighted more than one generation of young readers and will continue to delight for a long time, because they are an example of true art in the design of children's books. More than one generation of young readers has grown up on Vasnetsov’s bright, original and witty illustrations. In our work, we got acquainted with the biography of Yuri Vasnetsov, reviewed popular books with his illustrations, conducted a survey and confirmed the hypothesis about the relevance of the artist’s works among modern children. Vasnetsov's works are still relevant.

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List of information sources: 1. Literature: Unknown Yuri Vasnetsov. Materials for the biography of the great artist. “red steamer”, 2011, 448 pp., 256 ill. Edited by: Yu.V. Vasnetsova. 2. Internet resources: 1) virtualrm.spb.ru›Virtualbranch›node/6701 “The Fairytale World of Yuri Vasnetsov” 2) fairyroom.ru›?page_id=1127Yuri Vasnetsov | "Pictures and Conversations" 3) livelib.ru›book/1000571606Materials for the biography of the great

“I have always been convinced that... in fairy tales, songs, epics, dramas, the entire integral image of the people, internal and external, with the past and present, and perhaps the future, is reflected.” (Viktor Vasnetsov)

When the surname “Vasnetsov” sounds, fabulous images of Bogatyrs, the flying carpet, Alyonushka and the Gray Wolf appear in your thoughts. Only a very kind artist could paint them with such love. Vasnetsov can rightfully be called a national artist; everyone knows his paintings. The painter's legacy is great. The St. Vladimir Cathedral in Kyiv was painted with his brush, and the fabulous “Hut on Chicken Legs” in Abramtsevo was built according to his drawings. The facade of the Tretyakov Gallery was also created according to his sketches. Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov lived a long, beautiful and difficult life. One of the most famous Russian artists of the 19th century, he knew enthusiastic admiration and a coldly restrained, to the point of complete rejection, attitude towards his work, enormous success and sharp criticism of his works. Vasnetsov was one of the first masters of Russian painting, for whom the confines of an easel painting became cramped and who “turned to decorating life”, took up the most diverse areas of art - theatrical decoration, architecture, applied art and illustration, which was inexplicable and inexplicable for many at that time. was perceived as a “waste of talent.” He was called a “pioneer” and “a true hero of Russian painting.” As M. Nesterov wrote, “Dozens of outstanding Russian artists originate from a national source - the talent of Viktor Vasnetsov.” (With)


"Sirin and Alkonost"


"The Sleeping Princess"


"Vase with flowers" 1880


"Guslars"



"Snow Maiden"


"The Frog Princess"



"Three Queens of the Underground Kingdom" (1884)





"Three Princesses of the Underground Kingdom" (1881)


"Heroic gallop"



"The Knight at the Crossroads"

When people talk about Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov, a fascinating world of Russian folk tales and epics comes to mind: images of courageous and strong knights, yearning Alyonushka, the evil and treacherous Kashchei the Immortal, the wise and kind Frog Princess.

Vasnetsov – artist of fairy tales

Vasnetsov known primarily as artist, who illustrated the plots of famous Russian folk tales. But the artist’s first works reflected contemporary folk life. In these paintings one feels deep sympathy for the suffering of ordinary people. “From Apartment to Apartment” is a sad story about the fate of the St. Petersburg poor. An old official and his pitiful old wife wander around the city in search of shelter.

In the work “Preference,” Vasnetsov appears as an enemy of philistinism and philistinism.

Major historical events of our time are also reflected in the initial period of the artist’s work (“War Telegram”).

Vasnetsov's creative imagination has always been attracted to folk tales and epics. A keen interest in everything that was connected with the life of the people, their history, did not leave the artist throughout his life. He read Solovyov’s “History of Russia” and folk legends that glorified the heroic deeds of the Russian people.

Vasnetsov's paintings based on fairy tales

The imagination of the people created a fairy tale about a flying carpet. In Vasnetsov’s painting, a proud young man looks from a flying carpet at the expanses of Russian land spread out below, and the Firebird he caught sparkles with fire. This painting tells about the wisdom, strength, and dexterity of the people.

On picture"The Tale of the Sleeping Princess" everything is immersed in a dead sleep. The golden-haired beauty princess is sleeping, her girlfriends are sleeping, the cheerful guslars and the gray-haired old storyteller are whining. But a handsome prince will come, kiss the princess - and everything will come to life. Bright love will bring everyone back to life.

Paintings “After the massacre of Igor Svyatoslavich with the Polovtsians”, “The Knight at the Crossroads”, “Bogatyrs”, “The Battle of the Scythians with the Slavs” are full of ardent faith in the heroic strength, the indestructibility of the kind and courageous Russian people.

The canvas “After the Battle of Igor Svyatoslavich with the Polovtsians” conveys the meaning of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign.” This is a hymn to the soldiers who died in the struggle for freedom and honor of the Russian land.

...The knight stopped in front of a gloomy stone overgrown with moss. There is an ominous inscription on the stone: “No matter how straight I go, I live, there is no way for either the traveler or the passer-by...”

But the knight will not turn back, will not turn off the road. There is courage and strength in his figure. He represents the entire people. No difficulties or obstacles frighten the Russians.

You look closely at the painting “Bogatyrs” - and you see that these are no longer three heroes at an outpost, but the entire Russian people standing in defense of their Motherland, their peaceful life. And do not break him, do not intimidate him.

T. Shakhova, magazine “Family and School”, 1962, illustrations for Vasnetsov’s fairy tales and descriptions of paintings

Artist Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich

There was a time when his paintings entered the life of a young Russian from early childhood, and this name (like the author’s paintings) was known to anyone who graduated from a simple high school.

The artist’s creative path began in the 70s of the nineteenth century. This was the time when such famous peers and contemporaries of Vasnetsov as I.E. Repin, V.I. Surikov, V.D. Polenov were working. and many others. In those days, the Russian public followed the successes of the emerging “realistic art” with great interest and delight and simply “flocked” to the exhibitions of the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions.

There was a huge interest not only in painting. Literature, science, music - everything was interesting, everything was warmed by the idea of ​​​​the revival of Russian culture and Russian traditions.

Viktor Vasnetsov was born on May 15, 1848 in the remote Vyatka village of Lopatya, in the family of a rural priest. The large family very soon, after the birth of Victor, moved to the village of Ryabovo, Vyatka province. The future artist spent his childhood in this God-forgotten village.

The life of the family of a rural priest differed little from the life of a simple peasant. The same vegetable garden, cattle, folk songs and fairy tales.

Soon the young man goes to Vyatka and becomes a student at the theological seminary. Studying was boring, and Victor began taking drawing lessons from the gymnasium teacher N.G. Chernyshova. Vasnetsov, with great joy and desire, painted from plaster and lithographs in the Vyatka Museum, and got a job as an assistant to the artist E. Andriolli, who at that time was painting the cathedral in Vyatka.

In 1867, the future artist came to St. Petersburg and a year later entered the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Here he began a completely different life: he became friends with Repin and Antokolsky, Stasov and Kramskoy. Countless meetings and literary parties, debates about the ways of development of Russian art and culture.

Many of the artist’s contemporaries recalled that at that time Vasnetsov became interested in reading Russian epics and studied national culture, folklore and folk art. However, his training at the academy became simply formal - his father died and Vasnetsov devoted more time to the elementary fight against poverty. I had to somehow live on my own and help my mother, who was left alone with young children in her arms. Maybe that’s why, later recalling the years spent at the academy, Vasnetsov called his only teacher only one Chistyakov P.P., with whom Victor developed friendly relations and to whom he very often turned for help and advice.

As a student, Vasnetsov became famous as the author of numerous drawings depicting genre scenes and urban types. In newspapers, critics praised the young author for his powers of observation, friendly humor, and democratic sympathy. And they predicted a great future for him as a typist (there was such a word. This is someone who draws types).

However, Vasnetsov sees himself as a serious artist and tries his hand at painting. His genre paintings are noticed by the public. The film “From Apartment to Apartment” was a particular success.

From apartment to apartment


This painting was purchased for his famous exhibition by P.M. Tretyakov.

Critics do not criticize the artist, but note that his genre paintings are not distinctive in composition and are modest in painting.

The painting “Preference” (1879) is of a completely different order.

Preference


She is called the best not only in the work of the young artist, but also in Russian genre painting of the second half of the nineteenth century. Here's what he said about this painting and about the artist Kramskoy:

Over the past 15 years, the entire Russian school has told more than it has depicted. Nowadays, he will be right who really portrays it not in a hint, but in reality. You are one of the brightest talents in understanding type. Don't you feel your terrible power in understanding character?

However, despite the undoubted success, genre painting did not bring complete satisfaction to Vasnetsov himself. I wanted something completely different; other types and images attracted the artist.

Repin invites Vasnetsov to Paris - to unwind and look around, to be imbued with new ideas.

Vasnetsov lives in Paris for a whole year, studies the paintings of modern French masters, and visits museums. And he decides to return to Russia and settle in Moscow.

The desire to live in Moscow is not at all accidental - Moscow has long been attracting artists. Many years later he would write:

When I arrived in Moscow, I felt that I had arrived home and had nowhere else to go - the Kremlin, St. Basil's made me almost cry, to such an extent all this breathed on my soul as family, unforgettable.

It must be said that Moscow at that time attracted more than one Vasnetsov. Around the same time, Repin and Polenov moved to Moscow, and Surikov moved from the capital. Artists were keenly interested in the ancient capital, as a miraculous oasis capable of imbuing art with life-giving forces. We must not forget that the end of the nineteenth century was a time when interest in Russian history and national culture grew sharply.

It was in Moscow that Vasnetsov made a “decisive and conscious transition from the genre.” He suddenly clearly realized that all these years he had been vaguely dreaming of Russian history and Russian epics, old Russian fairy tales.

And very soon the artist’s first painting appeared as a result of these “historical dreams”.

After the massacre of Igor Svyatoslavovich with the Polovtsians


“After the massacre of Igor Svyatoslavovich with the Polovtsians” the public and critics greeted it quite coolly. The “people” demanded an archaeologically accurate depiction of the battle, but did not want to accept “fairy tales and epics”.

The artist tried to explain that while borrowing the plot from “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign,” he was not trying to create an illustration for the work. No. He deliberately removed the blood and dirt of a real battle from the canvas, and wanted to create a heroic picture that would reflect the Russian spirit and attract the viewer not with the terrible details of the past battle, but with hidden drama, beauty, and the creation of a poetic artistic image.

Chistyakov wrote to Vasnetsov:

You, most noble, Viktor Mikhailovich, poet-artist! The Russian spirit smelled so distant, so grandiose and in its own way original, that I simply became sad, I, a pre-Petrine eccentric, envied you.

The artist offered the public a completely new artistic language, which was initially not understood or heard.

But not everyone felt this way. As soon as the painting appeared at the exhibition, Tretyakov immediately acquired it, who realized what opportunities the new direction opened up for Russian realism. And from then on, the famous philanthropist and collector vigilantly followed every creative step of the artist.

Meanwhile, Vasnetsov’s life in Moscow was simply happy: he found good friends and often visited P.M. Tretyakov’s house. at famous musical evenings.

Another friend who played a big role in the artist’s fate was Savva Ivanovich Mamontov. The artist was always a welcome guest both in the country house and in the famous Abramtsevo estate. Mamontov simply selflessly loved Russian antiquity, folk art and supported young artists and writers. Very soon, thanks to the efforts of Vasnetsov, a friendly circle formed in Abramtsevo, which consisted of young artists, musicians, actors, writers who saw the origins of their creativity in Russian culture, in its origins and its uniqueness.

Paintings by Viktor Vasnetsov

It was in “Abramtsevo” (where the artist lived for a long time) that the first cycle of Vasnetsov’s fairy-tale paintings originated. The cycle opened with three paintings that were painted by order of Mamontov: “Three Princesses of the Underground Kingdom”, “Alyonushka”, “Ivan Tsarevich on a Gray Wolf”.

Three princesses of the underworld


Alyonushka


Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf


Vasnetsov wrote paintings with fairy-tale scenes all his life. With all their diversity (and even disparity), all the paintings are united, first of all, by the desire to reveal the inner content of a Russian fairy tale, to create an atmosphere that is real and at the same time fantastic. Fabulous. With a special understanding of good and evil. And faith in justice and the triumph of good.

Knight at the crossroads


Already in the artist’s first works one can see a great love for folk costume and attention to its details. It was during this period that the participants of the Abramtsevo circle began to engage in in-depth study of ancient folk costume, forms and ornaments. And Vasnetsov uses the acquired knowledge in painting his paintings.

Sleeping princess


A striking example of his passion for folk costume was the artist’s sketch “In the Costume of a Buffoon.”

In a buffoon costume


In 1881, Vasnetsov painted one of his best fairy-tale paintings, “Alyonushka.” He painted this picture in Abramtsevo. There, in Abramtsevo, the artist began the artistic design of the play “The Snow Maiden”.

Chambers of Tsar Berendey. Set design for an opera


The performance was initially staged in Mamontov's house, and subsequently transferred to the professional stage.

With all the success of "Alyonushka", the most grandiose plan of the eighties was "Bogatyrs". The artist painted this picture for almost twenty years (1881-1898). It must be said that during this period Vasnetsov wrote several large and very significant works.

The frieze painting “Stone Age” (1882 - 1885) for the Moscow Historical Museum is 16 meters long, consisting of three parts: the first is dedicated to the life and everyday life of ancient people, the second is a scene of a mammoth hunt, the third is “The Feast”.

It was thanks to the “Stone Age” that the artist received a contract to paint the Vladimir Cathedral in Kyiv.

Sketches for painting the Vladimir Cathedral. Princess Olga and Nestor the Chronicler


In 1891, the painting work was almost completed and the artist, together with his family, returned to Moscow. By this period, the family’s financial situation had improved so much that the Vasnetsovs were able to buy a small estate in Abramtsevo and build a small house with a workshop in Moscow. It was in this workshop that the artist resumed work on “Bogatyrs” and, at the same time, began to paint the painting “Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich the Terrible” (with this painting in 1897, the artist would perform for the last time at the exhibition of the Itinerants).

Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich the Terrible


In 1899, the artist’s first personal exhibition opened in Moscow. And the central work of the exhibition becomes “Bogatyrs”.

Three heroes


In the last years of the 19th century, Vasnetsov was at the peak of his fame: the domestic and foreign press wrote well about the artist, his workshop was visited by famous musicians, artists and writers. Tretyakov in his gallery (already donated to Moscow) is building a special hall for Vasnetsov’s works.

During this period, the artist suddenly became fascinated by architecture. Many years ago, in Abramtsevo, two small buildings were erected according to the artist’s sketches: a house church and a “Hut on Chicken Legs”. Later - the facade of the Tretyakov Gallery and several private houses in Moscow.