Edward Benjamin Britten Baron Britten (1913-1976) is an outstanding British composer, conductor and pianist.
Britten is spoken and written about as an English composer, the first after Henry Purcell (1659 -1695) (English composer, representative of the Baroque style) to receive worldwide recognition. Centuries have passed since the death of the “British Orpheus,” as Purcell was called, but not a single composer from Foggy Albion did not appear on the world stage so brightly that the world turned to him with interest, excitement, eagerly awaiting what new would appear in his next opus. Only Britten, who gained world fame, became like this. We can say that England waited for him.

"Simple Symphony", Op.4 for string orchestra (1934)

It was written by Benjamin Britten for a student orchestra and first performed by him in 1934 under the direction of the author.
The work is dedicated to Audrey Alston, who taught Britten to play the viola as a child. In the symphony, Britten used eight themes (two per movement) that he composed in childhood and for which he had a special affinity.

This symphony displays all the elements of Benjamin Britten's style. On the one hand, this is classical clarity; the clarity of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. On the other hand, following the magnificent traditions of English music, starting from the time of the virginalists (the virginal is the English version of the harpsichord). And also a great sense of humor, literally in everything. But this symphony, perhaps, has a record-breaking sense of humor, as we will see for ourselves...
Benjamin Britten's "Simple Symphony" consists of four movements, each of which has its own title. The first is “Furious Storm”, the second is “Playful Pizzicato”, the third is “Sentimental Sarabande” and the fourth is “Merry Finale”.
Already the names of the parts set the listener in a playful mood.

We will discover Britten - witty, like young Prokofiev, and classical, like “father Haydn”...

“You will see how many miracles are inside this music, how much is eternal and classic!..”

"A Guide to the Orchestra for Young Listeners"
on a theme by Henry Purcell... (1946)

One of the best works of world music!
Britten took Purcell's theme - a wonderful theme, very energetic, very strong, and began with it. Essentially, he wrote a Theme with Variations and Fugue. That's what it's called officially.
In just seventeen minutes we will go through the most amazing path in the entire history of music.

How does the brilliant Benjamin Britten build his theme and variations?
So, first the theme sounds, then the same theme is performed by various groups of the orchestra: first the woodwinds, then the brass, then the strings, then the drums, and at the end again all together - Tutti - they play this melody. Then begins a non-stop acquaintance with all the musical instruments of the symphony orchestra: flutes and piccolos begin to play, then oboe, then clarinet, then bassoons, horns; then the turn of the strings - violins, violas, cellos, double basses; then the harp, then the brass begins - horns, trumpets, trombones and tuba, then the drums - there are thousands of them! (Britten has a few more of them - about forty to fifty in total).
Then begins the greatest miracle that can ever happen on earth - the fugue. Translated from Latin, “fugue” means “running”. And Britten really gives us a real fugue that runs at full speed - all the instruments are running, hurrying, rushing, they whistle and chirp like birds, they sing, they tease, they... This is something incredible! And again, in the same order, each group of instruments plays this theme first (flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons, horns, strings, etc.). This is a fugue, to which a huge number of voices join within two minutes, and it already seems that the whole Universe is sounding!
And suddenly again a miracle - when the whole orchestra squeals, whistles, sings, crackles, laughs, roars... at that moment the THEME appears - the very one with which it all began, connecting with all the voices of the fugue.

The history of music has never seen anything like this!
This is what the amazing Britten did!

based on materials from radio "Orpheus"

Britten’s “Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell” (1946) belongs (along with Prokofiev’s “Peter and the Wolf”) to the most popular “children’s” works of symphonic music.

Britten originally wrote musical illustrations for a film about orchestral instruments. But the huge number of letters received after the release of this film prompted the composer to create an independent orchestral work.

A musician-educator, Britten constantly sought to attract young listeners to the world of academic (but not at all boring!) music. Thus, in his wonderful essay “Let's create an opera!” small and large spectators become full participants in the performance.

It is no coincidence that Britten turned to the music of Henry Purcell (the Rondo theme from the music to A. Behn’s play “Abdelazar” was used). Reviving Purcell's masterpiece Dido and Aeneas on the opera stage, he often drew inspiration from the heritage of the "golden age" of English music.

The relief, bright melody, performed by tutti and then, separately by each orchestral group, “descends” through all the instruments of the orchestral score (starting with the flute, then through all the woodwinds, strings, harp, brass and percussion) to finally unite the entire orchestra in fugue. The author provides verbal commentaries - short stories about each instrument - written by Britten's friend, librettist of the opera Peter Grimes Montague Slater.

Gravitating towards musical theater, Britten here again creates a fascinating playful spectacle with a kaleidoscopic change of instruments-“characters”, who also put on various “masks” (each variation sounds in its own genre - polonaise, march, nocturne, chorale, etc.) According to R. Nasonov’s apt description, “the composer manages not only to demonstrate the virtuoso capabilities of all orchestral instruments, but also to create a whole gallery of their portraits, united by an entertaining musical plot.”

"A Guide to the Orchestra for Young Listeners"

Benjamin Britten

Benjamin Britten was at the forefront of the revival of English music on the world stage. He created works of various genres and paid special attention to folk trends. His role as an educational musician was reflected in musical sketches that were intended for youth and children.

Purcell's works attracted the author's ardent interest, thanks to which edited versions of the opera "Dido and Aeneas" and "The Beggar's Opera" were born. Of all Britten’s works, unique significance is attached to “Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell,” which has become a kind of “guide to the orchestra for young people.” The piece was originally written for Matheson's documentary Instruments of the Band. The guide was subsequently performed in London by a symphony orchestra.

The complex polyphonic work introduces listeners to the possible timbres of various instruments of the orchestra. Such an interesting and specific sound makes an impression even on the youngest viewers and can easily take the place of the most popular educational musical creation. The guide is recommended for children from the age of six; it will introduce them to the amazing and vibrant world of symphonic music. The sound of the orchestra is periodically interrupted by clear and interesting explanations. The comments reveal each instrument and clearly characterize it for the child.

All of them are embodied in their character, wearing a kind of mask, and sound in various genres, which include polonaises, marches, nocturnes, chorales and others. Thus, a whole portrait gallery of tools is created. This kaleidoscope of sounds fascinates with its successively different timbres, which ultimately combine into a sparkling fugue. The work consists of several fragments and a finale for the convenience of the viewer. The guide includes six ensemble combinations of orchestral compositions, thirty solo performances, which then merge into a fugue using all instruments at once.

Teach your child to distinguish musical instruments by ear, thanks to their phenomenal and unique sound timbre. All of them differ in depth and saturation, in the presence of a velvety or soft shade, as well as in duration and brightness. Here you can enjoy a wonderful violin, expressive viola, exciting cello and double bass. Don't miss the touching flute, clarinet, bassoon, loud trumpet and trombone, as well as a variety of percussion. The list of all the instruments used is simply endless, as is the limitless and rich world of music.

Benjamin Britten

ORCHESTRA GUIDE
Read by Natalya Sats

“A Guide to the Orchestra for Youth (Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell)” by B. Britten was written ten years after “Peter and the Wolf” by Sergei Prokofiev, the work that began the cycle of introducing children to the instruments of a symphony orchestra.

Benjamin Britten is our contemporary (1913-1976). His works were performed several times in the Soviet Union. The composer himself visited us. A great artist, Britten responds to all the burning problems of our time. His Peru owns “The Ballad of Heroes,” dedicated to the fighters of the International Brigade who fought in Spain against fascism, and the War Requiem, in memory of the victims of the Second World War. At the same time, he is the author of the Spring Symphony and the operetta “Paul Bunyan”.

Britten loves to write for children. Having written three operas, he created a funny opera especially for the children, which was called “Let's put on an opera, or the Little Chimney Sweep” (1949). It was a fun performance, in which children aged from eight to fourteen participated, but the audience in attendance also had to sing songs from the notes, which were immediately heard to everyone, and imitate the voices of birds in one of the scenes. Subsequently, Britten, in his “adult operas,” wrote very important parts that should be performed by children (“The Turn of the Screw,” “A Midsummer Night’s Dream,” etc.).

The score of the Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell bears the dedication: "This work is affectionately dedicated to the children of John and Jane Maud - Humphrey, Pamela, Caroline and Virginia - for educational purposes and for entertainment."

Britten was very fond of the brilliant English composer who lived in the 17th century, Henry Purcell, the author of the first national opera, Dido and Aeneas. He learned a lot from his famous predecessor. “He owes more to Purcell than to any other composer,” writes his biographer Imogen Holst, “not only for what he calls the “clarity, brilliance, tenderness and strangeness” of the songs, but also for the liveliness of the instrumental pieces. On the theme of one of his hornpipes (“hornpipe” is the name of a sailor’s dance), Britten wrote his “Guide to the Orchestra” (Op. 34) - the most fun of all instrumentation lessons.”

Entry 1

Russian text by Natalia Sats

State Academic Symphony Orchestra. Conductor Evgeny Svetlanov
Read by Natalia Sats

Recorded 1970

Total playing time - 19:31

LISTEN TO THE TALE
“GUIDE TO THE ORCHESTRA” PERFORMED BY NATALIA SATS:

Your browser does not support the audio element.

DOWNLOAD THE TALE
(mp3, bitrate 320 kbps, file size - 44.4 MB):

Entry 2 (in English)

Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (Royal Philharmonic Orchestra),
conductor Andre Previn (Andre Previn)
Recorded by Telarc studio (USA)

Recorded 1986

Total playing time - 17:06

LISTEN TO THE TALE “YOUNG PERSON'S GUIDE TO THE ORCHESTRA”
PERFORMED BY ANDRE PREVIN'S ORCHESTRA:

Your browser does not support the audio element. B. Britten. Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra" />